rabies

See also: rabiés and ràbies

English

A dog infected with rabies

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin rabiēs (“rage, madness, fury”). Doublet of rage.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹeɪ.biːz/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪbiːz

Noun

rabies (uncountable)

2. (pathology) An infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death.

   Synonyms: (archaic) Arctic dog disease, hydrophobia, lyssa

Derived terms

• baby rabies
• furious rabies
• pseudorabies
• rabid
• rabietic

Descendants

• → Cebuano: rabis
• → Malay: rabies
  • → Indonesian: rabies
• → Norwegian: rabies
• → Swedish: rabies
• → Tagalog: rabis

Translations

viral disease

• Afrikaans: hondsdolheid
• Arabic: كَلَب (ar) m (kalab), دَاء اَلْكَلَب m (dāʔ al-kalab)

  Egyptian Arabic: سعر m (sáʕar)

  Moroccan Arabic: سعر m (saʕr)

• Armenian: կատաղություն (hy) (kataġutʻyun)
• Azerbaijani: quduzluq
• Belarusian: шаленства n (šaljenstva), шал m (šal)
• Bengali: জলাতঙ্ক (bn) (jolatoṅko)
• Bulgarian: бяс (bg) m (bjas)
• Burmese: ခွေးရူးပြန်ရောဂါ (my) (hkwe:ru:pranrau:ga)
• Catalan: ràbia (ca) f
• Cebuano: rabis
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 狂犬病 (zh) (kuángquǎnbìng)

• Czech: vzteklina (cs) f
• Danish: hundegalskab (da) c, rabies (da) c
• Dutch: hondsdolheid (nl) f, rabiës (nl) f
• Estonian: marutaud
• Finnish: vesikauhu (fi), raivotauti (fi)
• French: rage (fr) f
• Galician: rabia (gl) f
• Georgian: ცოფი (copi)
• German: Tollwut (de) f
• Greek: λύσσα (el) f (lýssa)
• Hebrew: כַּלֶּבֶת (he) f (kallevet)
• Hindi: हलकाव (halkāv)
• Hungarian: veszettség (hu) f
• Ido: ranio
• Indonesian: rabies (id), anjing gila (id)
• Irish: confadh
• Italian: rabbia (it) f
• Japanese: 狂犬病 (ja) (きょうけんびょう, kyōkenbyō)
• Khmer: ឆ្កែឆ្កួត (chkae chkuət)
• Korean: 광견병 (ko) (gwanggyeonbyeong)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: harî (ku)

• Lao: ວໍ້ (wǭ)
• Lithuanian: pasiutligė f
• Macedonian: бе́снило n (bésnilo)
• Malay: penyakit anjing gila, gila anjing, rabies
• Marathi: अलर्क (alarka)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: галзуу өвчин (galzuu övčin)

  Mongolian: ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤ
  ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ (ɣalǰaɣu ebedčin)

• Norman: rage f (Jersey)
• Norwegian: hundegalskap n, rabies m
• Ottoman Turkish: قودوز
• Persian: هاری (fa)
• Polish: wścieklizna (pl) f
• Portuguese: raiva (pt) f
• Punjabi: ہلک (hlk), ਹਲਕ (halak)
• Romanian: turbare (ro) f, rabie (ro) f
• Russian: бе́шенство (ru) n (béšenstvo)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: бѐснило n, бесноћа f

  Roman: bèsnilo (sh) n, besnoća f

• Sicilian: raggia (scn) f
• Sinhalese: පිස්සුකම (pissukama), පිස්සුව (pissuwa)
• Slovak: besnota f
• Slovene: steklina (sl) f
• Spanish: rabia (es) f
• Swedish: rabies (sv) c
• Tagalog: rabis
• Tajik: калоб (kalob)
• Tamil: நாய்க்கடிசன்னி (nāykkaṭicaṉṉi)
• Thai: พิษสุนัขบ้า (th) (pít-sù-nák-bâa)
• Turkish: kuduz (tr)
• Ukrainian: сказ m (skaz)
• Urdu: ہلکاؤ
• Vietnamese: dại (vi), bệnh dại
• Walloon: må d' araedje (wa) m, araedje (wa) f, raedje (wa) f
• Yiddish: וואַסערשרעק m (vasershrek)

Further reading

• rabies on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “rabies”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “rabies”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• Baiers, Serbia, braies, braise, rebias

Danish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin rabies.

Noun

rabies c (singular definite rabiesen, not used in plural form)

1. rabies

Declension

Declension of rabies

common gender	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	rabies	rabiesen
genitive	rabies'	rabiesens

Synonyms

• hundegalskab

References

• “rabies” in Den Danske Ordbog

Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see English rabies).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɑbies/, [ˈrɑ̝bie̞s̠]
• Rhymes: -ɑbies
• Syllabification^(key): ra‧bi‧es
• Hyphenation^(key): ra‧bi‧es

Noun

rabies

1. (medicine) Synonym of vesikauhu

Declension

Inflection of rabies (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		rabies	rabiekset
genitive		rabieksen	rabiesten rabieksien
partitive		rabiesta	rabieksia
illative		rabiekseen	rabieksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		rabies	rabiekset
accusative	nom.	rabies	rabiekset
	gen.	rabieksen
genitive		rabieksen	rabiesten rabieksien
partitive		rabiesta	rabieksia
inessive		rabieksessa	rabieksissa
elative		rabieksesta	rabieksista
illative		rabiekseen	rabieksiin
adessive		rabieksella	rabieksilla
ablative		rabiekselta	rabieksilta
allative		rabiekselle	rabieksille
essive		rabieksena	rabieksina
translative		rabiekseksi	rabieksiksi
abessive		rabieksetta	rabieksitta
instructive		—	rabieksin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of rabies (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative rabiekseni rabiekseni accusative nom. rabiekseni rabiekseni gen. rabiekseni genitive rabiekseni rabiesteni rabieksieni partitive rabiestani rabieksiani inessive rabieksessani rabieksissani elative rabieksestani rabieksistani illative rabiekseeni rabieksiini adessive rabieksellani rabieksillani ablative rabiekseltani rabieksiltani allative rabiekselleni rabieksilleni essive rabieksenani rabieksinani translative rabieksekseni rabieksikseni abessive rabieksettani rabieksittani instructive — — comitative — rabieksineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative rabieksesi rabieksesi accusative nom. rabieksesi rabieksesi gen. rabieksesi genitive rabieksesi rabiestesi rabieksiesi partitive rabiestasi rabieksiasi inessive rabieksessasi rabieksissasi elative rabieksestasi rabieksistasi illative rabiekseesi rabieksiisi adessive rabieksellasi rabieksillasi ablative rabiekseltasi rabieksiltasi allative rabieksellesi rabieksillesi essive rabieksenasi rabieksinasi translative rabiekseksesi rabieksiksesi abessive rabieksettasi rabieksittasi instructive — — comitative — rabieksinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rabieksemme rabieksemme accusative nom. rabieksemme rabieksemme gen. rabieksemme genitive rabieksemme rabiestemme rabieksiemme partitive rabiestamme rabieksiamme inessive rabieksessamme rabieksissamme elative rabieksestamme rabieksistamme illative rabiekseemme rabieksiimme adessive rabieksellamme rabieksillamme ablative rabiekseltamme rabieksiltamme allative rabieksellemme rabieksillemme essive rabieksenamme rabieksinamme translative rabiekseksemme rabieksiksemme abessive rabieksettamme rabieksittamme instructive — — comitative — rabieksinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rabieksenne rabieksenne accusative nom. rabieksenne rabieksenne gen. rabieksenne genitive rabieksenne rabiestenne rabieksienne partitive rabiestanne rabieksianne inessive rabieksessanne rabieksissanne elative rabieksestanne rabieksistanne illative rabiekseenne rabieksiinne adessive rabieksellanne rabieksillanne ablative rabiekseltanne rabieksiltanne allative rabieksellenne rabieksillenne essive rabieksenanne rabieksinanne translative rabiekseksenne rabieksiksenne abessive rabieksettanne rabieksittanne instructive — — comitative — rabieksinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative rabieksensa rabieksensa accusative nom. rabieksensa rabieksensa gen. rabieksensa genitive rabieksensa rabiestensa rabieksiensa partitive rabiestaan rabiestansa rabieksiaan rabieksiansa inessive rabieksessaan rabieksessansa rabieksissaan rabieksissansa elative rabieksestaan rabieksestansa rabieksistaan rabieksistansa illative rabiekseensa rabieksiinsa adessive rabieksellaan rabieksellansa rabieksillaan rabieksillansa ablative rabiekseltaan rabiekseltansa rabieksiltaan rabieksiltansa allative rabiekselleen rabieksellensa rabieksilleen rabieksillensa essive rabieksenaan rabieksenansa rabieksinaan rabieksinansa translative rabieksekseen rabiekseksensa rabieksikseen rabieksiksensa abessive rabieksettaan rabieksettansa rabieksittaan rabieksittansa instructive — — comitative — rabieksineen rabieksinensa

Galician

Verb

rabies

1. second-person singular present subjunctive of rabiar

Indonesian

Etymology

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch rabiës, from Latin rabies (“madness”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ra.ˈbi.ɛs/
• Rhymes: -ɛs, -s
• Hyphenation: ra‧bi‧es

Noun

rabies (plural rabies-rabies)

1. (pathology, neurology) rabies: an infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death

   Synonym: anjing gila

Further reading

• “rabies” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Alternative forms

• rabia (late)

Etymology

From rabiō +‎ -iēs.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈra.bi.eːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈräː.bi.es]

Noun

rabiēs f (genitive rabiēī); fifth declension

1. rage
2. madness

Declension

• The genitive singular appears as rabiēs in Lucretius. The nominative, accusative and ablative singular are the only attested forms in Classical Latin.

Fifth-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	rabiēs	rabiēs
genitive	rabiēī	rabiērum
dative	rabiēī	rabiēbus
accusative	rabiem	rabiēs
ablative	rabiē	rabiēbus
vocative	rabiēs	rabiēs

Derived terms

• rabidus

Descendants

• → English: rabies
• → Portuguese: rabia
• → Romanian: rabie

Reflexes of the late variant rabia:

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: rabbia, (Arcevia) raggia
• Padanian:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: ràbia, râbia (Bologna)
    • Ligurian: ragia
    • Lombard: reba
    • Piedmontese: rabia, ragia
  • Romansch: ravgia, rabgia (Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter)
  • Venetan: rabia
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: ràbia
  • Franco-Provençal: rage, razhe, radze
  • Old French: rage (see there for further descendants)
  • Gascon: arrauja, arrauje
  • Occitan: ràbia, rauja

    Provençal: raja

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: ravia, raiva
    • Galician: rabia, raiba, raiva (reintegrationist)
    • Portuguese: raiva
  • Old Spanish: rabia
    • Spanish: rabia
  • → Basque: errabia
• Insular Romance:
  • ⇒ Sardinian: arrajolare (Logudorese)

References

• “rabies”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rabies”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rabies in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Spanish

Verb

rabies

1. second-person singular present subjunctive of rabiar

Swedish

Noun

rabies c (uncountable)

1. (medicine) rabies

   Synonyms: vattuskräck, hundgalenskap

See also

• fradga (“froth”)

References

• rabies in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• rabies in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• rabies in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• Svensk MeSH