茨
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Translingual edit
Han character edit
茨 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿戈一人 (TIMO) or 廿一一人 (TMMO), four-corner 44182, composition ⿱艹次)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1028, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30896
- Dae Jaweon: page 1487, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3208, character 6
- Unihan data for U+8328
Chinese edit
trad. | 茨 | |
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simp. # | 茨 |
Glyph origin edit
Historical forms of the character 茨 | |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *zli) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis).
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
茨
Compounds edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
茨
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
Readings edit
- Go-on: じ (ji)
- Kan-on: し (shi)
- Kun: いばら (ibara, 茨, Jōyō †); うばら (ubara, 茨); うまら (umara, 茨); むばら (mubara, 茨)
- Nanori: あし (ashi); えばら (ebara); ばら (bara); まつ (matsu); まん (man)
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
いばら Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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荊 棘 |
/ubara/ → /ibara/
Sound shift from Old Japanese ubara (see below).[1] Now the modern version of this term.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
- 1999 May 27, “魔界のイバラ [Thorns of the Demon World]”, in Vol.3, Konami:
- 魔界に生息するイバラ。無理に通ろうとする者にからみつく。
- Makai ni seisoku suru ibara. Muri ni tōrō to suru mono ni karamitsuku.
- A thorny plant that grows in the demon world. It constricts any unwary passerby.
- 魔界に生息するイバラ。無理に通ろうとする者にからみつく。
- (regional, chiefly Kansai) a thorn on a plant
- general name for wild roses
- (figurative) suffering, hardship, distress
- (architecture, construction) the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable
- (historical, slang) during the Edo period, a downmarket prostitute
- Synonym: 端女郎 (hashijorou)
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
うばら Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.[1][2] Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[3]
Appears alongside the umara form (see below), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.
Superseded by ibara above.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
うまら Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.[1][2] Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[4]
Appears alongside the ubara form (see above), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.
Superseded by ibara above.
Noun edit
- (archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 47:
- 翹棘 翹尅 音交 訓久波多川 棘 音里 訓宇末良
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (archaic) general name for wild roses
Etymology 4 edit
Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
むばら Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
荊 |
Appears in the Heian period,[1] apparently as a shift from ubara. Used in The Tales of Ise dating to the early 900s CE.[2]
Considering the earlier free alternation between ubara and umara, suggesting a possible prenasalized pronunciation such as */umbara/, this mubara may have arisen from an alternative spelling to clarify nasalization. Old Japanese orthography had no unambiguous means of specifying the nasal coda consonant ん (n), using む (mu) instead. In fact, the modern kana ん (n) developed from a hentaigana form of む (mu).
Superseded by ibara above.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
References edit
- Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.
Korean edit
Hanja edit
茨 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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