os
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
os
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Latin os (“a bone”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɒs/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ɑs/
- Rhymes: -ɒs
Noun edit
os (plural ossa)
- (anatomy) Synonym of bone.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume III, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
- I was once, I remember, called to a patient who had received a violent contusion in his tibia, by which the exterior cutis was lacerated, so that there was a profuse sanguinary discharge; and the interior membranes were so divellicated, that the os or bone very plainly appeared through the aperture of the vulnus or wound.
Usage notes edit
Used in anatomical terminology (e.g., Terminologia Anatomica) and sometimes by doctors and surgeons in practice, but seldom used by medical laypeople.
Hyponyms edit
- os breve (short bone)
- os irregulare (irregular bone)
- os longum (long bone)
- os planum (flat bone)
- os sesamoideum (sesamoid bone)
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
Etymology 2 edit
Unadapted borrowing from Latin ōs (“the mouth”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɒs/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ɑs/
- Rhymes: -ɒs
Noun edit
os (plural ora)
- (anatomy) An opening or entrance to a passage, particularly one at either end of the cervix, internal (to the uterus) or external (to the vagina).
- Synonym: orifice
- 1891, Texas Medical Association, Transactions, volume 23, page 175:
- The instrument closed, as seen in Fig. 1, is then passed along the finger to the os, in and through the cervix up to the fundus of the uterus, which may be determined both by the distance and the resistance to the broad rounded head of the Capiat.
Translations edit
|
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɒs/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ɑs/
- Rhymes: -ɒs
Noun edit
os (plural osar)
Etymology 4 edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /əʊz/
- (General American) IPA(key): /oʊz/
- Rhymes: -əʊz
Noun edit
os
References edit
- “os”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “os”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Anagrams edit
Aragonese edit
Etymology edit
From Vulgar Latin *lōs, from Latin illōs.
Article edit
os m pl
- the
- Os lugars d'Aragón
- The villages of Aragon
Usage notes edit
Aromanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ossum, from os. Compare Romanian os.
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
Catalan edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Catalan os, from Latin ossum, non-standard variant of os.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os m (plural ossos)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Latin ursus. Compare Spanish oso, Occitan ors, French ours.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os m (plural ossos, feminine ossa)
- bear (mammal)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “os” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “os”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “os” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “os” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os
Danish edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
os
See also edit
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
common(noun) | den | dens | |||||
neuter(noun) | det | dets | |||||
reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
archaic / formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
reflexive | – | sig |
Etymology 2 edit
Disputed.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os c (singular definite osen, not used in plural form)
Verb edit
os
- imperative of ose
Daur edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Mongolic *usun. Compare Mongolian ус (us).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os
- water
- En osii ter nyadem waagw tunpund suree.
- Please pour water into that washbowl.
References edit
- Henry G. Schwarz, The Minorities of Northern China: A Survey (1984), page 140: 'water' Daur os
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch osse, from Old Dutch *osso, earlier *ohso, from Proto-Germanic *uhsô.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os m (plural ossen, diminutive osje n)
- ox (a castrated bull)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “os” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]
Fala edit
Alternative forms edit
- us (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu)
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Latin illōs.
Article edit
os m pl (singular o, feminine a, feminine plural as)
- (Mañegu) Masculine plural definite article; the
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
- En esti territorio se han assentau, en os anus que se indican, os habitantis siguientis:
- In this territory there were living, in the years specified, the following (amount of) inhabitants:
Pronoun edit
os
See also edit
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | ei | me, -mi | mi | ||
plural | common | nos | musL nusLV nos, -nusM |
nos | ||
masculine | noshotrusM | noshotrusM | ||||
feminine | noshotrasM | noshotrasM | ||||
second person | singular | tú | te, -ti | ti | ||
plural | common | vos | vusLV vos, -vusM |
vos | ||
masculine | voshotrusM | voshotrusM | ||||
feminine | voshotrasM | voshotrasM | ||||
third person | singular | masculine | el | le, -li | uLV, oM | el |
feminine | ela | a | ela | |||
plural | masculine | elis | usLV, osM | elis | ||
feminine | elas | as | elas | |||
reflexive | — | se, -si | sí |
References edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French os, from Latin ossum, popular variant of os, ossis, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), *h₂óst.
Pronunciation edit
- (singular) IPA(key): /ɔs/
- (plural) IPA(key): /o/
- After consonants other than /z/, the plural may alternatively be pronounced like the singular (cf. the same in œufs).
- Colloquially, some speakers use the hybrid form /os/ for both singular and plural.
Noun edit
os m (plural os)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “os”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams edit
Galician edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Vulgar Latin *los, from Latin illōs, accusative plural of ille (“that”).
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
os m pl (masculine singular o, feminine singular a, feminine plural as)
- (definite) the
Usage notes edit
The definite article o (in all its forms) regularly forms contractions when it follows the prepositions a (“to”), con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”). For example, con os ("with the") contracts to cos, and en os ("in the") contracts to nos.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronoun edit
os
- accusative of eles
Guinea-Bissau Creole edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese osso. Cognate with Kabuverdianu osu.
Noun edit
os
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Irish oss, from Proto-Celtic *uxsū, from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn (“bull”).
Noun edit
os m (genitive singular ois, nominative plural ois)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Irish úas, ós, from Proto-Celtic *ouxsos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ewps-.
Preposition edit
os (plus dative, triggers no mutation)
Derived terms edit
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
os | n-os | hos | t-os |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “os”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “os” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Istro-Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
os n (plural ose, definite singular osu, definite plural osele)
Latin edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Italic *ōs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os. Cognates include Hittite 𒀀𒄿𒅖 (aiš), Sanskrit आस् (ās), Old Irish á, Old English ōr.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ōs n (genitive ōris); third declension
- mouth
- Genesis, Vulgate 8.11:
- at illa venit ad eum ad vesperam portans ramum olivae virentibus foliis in ore suo intellexit ergo Noe quod cessassent aquae super terram
- But it came to him in the evening carrying a green-leaved olive branch in its mouth, therefore Noah understood that the waters above the land were coming to and end.
- at illa venit ad eum ad vesperam portans ramum olivae virentibus foliis in ore suo intellexit ergo Noe quod cessassent aquae super terram
- (transferred sense), (in general) head or face
- Synonym: caput
- Synonyms: (Vulgar Latin) cara, faciēs, frōns, vultus
- ad aliquem ora convertere ― to turn the head or face towards someone
- 70 BCE, Cicero, In Verrem 2.4.124:
- Gorgonis os pulcherrimum cinctum anguibus revellit atque abstulit, […]
- 1856 translation by Charles Duke Yonge
- […] he tore off and took away a very fine head of the Gorgon with snakes for hair;
- 1856 translation by Charles Duke Yonge
- Gorgonis os pulcherrimum cinctum anguibus revellit atque abstulit, […]
- c. 117 CE, Tacitus, Annales 1.61:
- adiacebant fragmina telorum equorumque artus, simul truncis arborum antefixa ora.
- 1864–1877 translation by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb
- Near, lay fragments of weapons and limbs of horses, and also human heads, prominently nailed to trunks of trees.
- 1864–1877 translation by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb
- adiacebant fragmina telorum equorumque artus, simul truncis arborum antefixa ora.
- (transferred sense), (in general) facial features, countenance, appearance
- (poetic) speech
- mouth, lips, opening, entrance, aperture, orifice
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.659-660:
- Dīxit et ōs impressa torō, [...] / ait [...].
- [Dido] spoke and, having pressed her lips upon the bed, cried out: [...].
(Although many translations have Dido bury her “face” in the “couch,” still others convey the symbolism of a farewell kiss. See: Fitzgerald, 1981: “And here she kissed the bed”; Ruden, 2021: “She kissed the bed”.)
- [Dido] spoke and, having pressed her lips upon the bed, cried out: [...].
- Dīxit et ōs impressa torō, [...] / ait [...].
- beak of a ship
- edge of a sword
Inflection edit
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | ōs | ōra |
Genitive | ōris | ōrum |
Dative | ōrī | ōribus |
Accusative | ōs | ōra |
Ablative | ōre | ōribus |
Vocative | ōs | ōra |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → English: os
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), *h₂óst. Cognates include Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon), Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi) and Old Armenian ոսկր (oskr).
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os n (genitive ossis); third declension
- (literal, anatomy) bone
- "ipsorum ore respondent se lassis post viam ossibus non posse de lecto surgere..." Regula magistri
- By the same mouth they respond that, due to their weary bones after travel, it is not possible to arise from bed.
- "ipsorum ore respondent se lassis post viam ossibus non posse de lecto surgere..." Regula magistri
- (figurative) bones, framework or outline of a discourse
Inflection edit
Third-declension noun (neuter, i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | os | ossa |
Genitive | ossis | ossium |
Dative | ossī | ossibus |
Accusative | os | ossa |
Ablative | osse | ossibus |
Vocative | os | ossa |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- Aragonese: güeso
- Aromanian: os
- Asturian: güesu
- Catalan: os
- Dalmatian: vuas
- French: os
- Friulian: vues
- Galician: óso
- Istriot: uosso
- Istro-Romanian: os
- Italian: osso
- Megleno-Romanian: uos
- Mirandese: uosso
- Occitan: òs
- Piedmontese: òss
- Portuguese: osso
- Romanian: os
- Romansch: ies, oss
- Sardinian: ossu
- Sicilian: ossu
- Spanish: hueso
- Venetian: oso
References edit
- "ōs", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- "ŏs", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- "ōs", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "os", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- os in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1095
- os in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to praise a man to his face: aliquem coram, in os or praesentem laudare
- to be in every one's mouth: in ore omnium or omnibus (hominum or hominibus, but only mihi, tibi, etc.) esse
- to harp on a thing, be always talking of it: in ore habere aliquid (Fam. 6. 18. 5)
- physics; natural philosophy: physica (-orum) (Or. 34. 119); philosophia naturalis
- logic, dialectic: dialectica (-ae or -orum) (pure Latin disserendi ratio et scientia)
- all agree on this point: omnes (uno ore) in hac re consentiunt
- unanimously: una voce; uno ore
- mathematics: mathematica (-ae) or geometria (-ae), geometrica (-orum) (Tusc. 1. 24. 57)
- arithmetic: arithmetica (-orum)
- arithmetic: numeri (-orum)
- no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
- maintain a devout silence (properly, utter no ill-omened word): favete ore, linguis = εὐφημειτε
- to talk of a subject which was then the common topic of conversation: in eum sermonem incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore
- (ambiguous) to draw every one's eyes upon one: omnium oculos (et ora) ad se convertere
- (ambiguous) to be in every one's mouth: per omnium ora ferri
- (ambiguous) to be a subject for gossip: in ora vulgi abire
- to praise a man to his face: aliquem coram, in os or praesentem laudare
- Dizionario Latino italiano, Olivetti
Middle English edit
Pronoun edit
os
- Alternative form of us
Middle French edit
Noun edit
os m (plural os)
Descendants edit
- French: os
Middle Low German edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
ös
- (personal pronoun, dative, accusative) Alternative form of uns.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse óss. Same as Latin os.
Noun edit
os m or n (definite singular osen or oset, indefinite plural osar or os, definite plural osane or osa)
Etymology 2 edit
Unknown.
Noun edit
os m (definite singular osen, indefinite plural osar, definite plural osane)
- to fume, smoke
- to reek, malodorousness
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Pronoun edit
os
- obsolete spelling of oss
- 1770, Edvard Storm, “Guten aa Jenta paa Fjøshjellen”, in Den fyrste morgonblånen, Oslo: Novus, published 1990, page 233:
- Dæmæ venda os aat Bygden
- thus we turn towards the village
Etymology 4 edit
Verb edit
os
- past tense of ase
- imperative of ose
Further reading edit
Old English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From earliest Old English *ons, *ans, from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god, deity”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ems- (“engender, beget”). Cognate with Old Norse áss.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ōs m
Usage notes edit
- The genitive plural ēsa (attested in ēsa gescot “the shot of the ēse”) and names such as Esegar display i-mutation, despite being a u-stem. This is likely a fossilization from an earlier stage between Proto-West Germanic *ansu and early Old English *ons, in which i-mutation was applied to the attested declined forms due to the word’s archaic meaning, rather than its active usage.
- The nominative plural likely had the same process from above applied to it as well, in the form of *ēse.
- Both i-mutated, and typically-expected forms for each affected declension are provided in the table below:
Declension edit
Synonyms edit
Old French edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ossum, popular variant of os.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os oblique singular, m (oblique plural os, nominative singular os, nominative plural os)
Descendants edit
- French: os
Old Irish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Hamp derives this from Proto-Celtic *sonts, plural *sontes (whence ot); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts.[1] Copular origin explains the use of independent subject pronouns with this conjunction, which otherwise are usually used with the copula is.
A more traditional theory, assumed by Pedersen and Thurneysen among others, supposes that this is a contraction of ocus (“and”), with the apparent copular behaviour being analogical.[2]
Conjunction edit
os (third-person plural ot)
- disjunctive conjunction
Usage notes edit
- The conjunction takes on the form ot when used with the third-person plural pronoun é and os elsewhere.
Descendants edit
- Middle Irish: os
References edit
- ^ Hamp, Eric P. (1978), “Varia II”, in Ériu[1], volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved August 27, 2022, pages 149–154
- ^ García Castillero, Carlos (2013), “OLD IRISH TONIC PRONOUNS AS EXTRACLAUSAL CONSTITUENTS”, in Ériu[2], volume 63, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN Invalid ISSN, →JSTOR, pages 1–39
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 os”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Saxon edit
Noun edit
os m
- Alternative form of as
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os f
Portuguese edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Vulgar Latin *los, from Latin illōs.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: os
Article edit
os
- masculine plural of o
- 2007, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 546:
- Está na hora de testarmos os nossos talentos no mundo real, você não acha?
- It's time to test the talents of ours in the real world, don't you think?
- 2007, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 308:
- Você notou os cabelos dela, são negros e brilhantes e macios...
- You noticed her hair (“her hairs”), it's dark and brilliant and soft...
- 2007, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 373:
- Devíamos fechar os olhos dele.
- We should close his eyes (“the eyes of him”).
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:o.
See also edit
Portuguese articles (edit) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
Definite articles (the) |
o | a | os | as |
Indefinite articles (a, an; some) |
um | uma | uns | umas |
Pronoun edit
os
- third-person plural direct objective personal pronoun; them
Usage notes edit
- Becomes -los after verb forms ending in -r, -s, or -z, the pronouns nos and vos, and the adverb eis; the ending letter causing the change disappears.
- Becomes -nos after a nasal diphthong: -ão, -am [ɐ̃w̃], -õe [õj̃], -em, -êm [ẽj̃].
- Detêm-nos como prisioneiros. ― They detain them as prisoners.
- In Brazil it is being abandoned in favor of the nominative form eles.
- Eu os vi. → Eu vi eles. ― I saw them.
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:os.
See also edit
Portuguese personal pronouns (edit) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Person | Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct object) |
Dative (indirect object) |
Prepositional | Prepositional with com |
Non-declining | ||||||
m | f | m | f | m and f | m | f | m | f | m | f | |||
Singular | First | eu | me | mim | comigo | ||||||||
Second | tu | te | ti | contigo | você | ||||||||
o senhor | a senhora | ||||||||||||
Third | ele | ela | o (lo, no) |
a (la, na) |
lhe | ele | ela | com ele | com ela | o mesmo | a mesma | ||
se | si | consigo | |||||||||||
Plural | First | nós | nos | nós | connosco (Portugal) conosco (Brazil) |
a gente | |||||||
Second | vós | vos | vós | convosco, com vós | vocês | ||||||||
os senhores | as senhoras | ||||||||||||
Third | eles | elas | os (los, nos) |
as (las, nas) |
lhes | eles | elas | com eles | com elas | os mesmos | as mesmas | ||
se | si | consigo | |||||||||||
Indefinite | se | si | consigo |
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: os
Noun edit
os m
Romagnol edit
Noun edit
os m (invariable) (Bassa Romagna)
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin ossum, popular variant of os, ossis, from Proto-Italic *ōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), *h₂óst.
Compare Catalan os, French os, Italian osso, Portuguese osso, Sardinian ossu, Spanish hueso.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os n (plural oase)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- os in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Scottish Gaelic edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
os (+ dative, no mutation)
Usage notes edit
- Now used only in the compounds listed below.
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
os
- Alternative form of arsa used before vowels
- "Ial, ial," os a' chailleach ― "Ial, ial," said the old woman
Serbo-Croatian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *osь.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ȏs f (Cyrillic spelling о̑с)
Declension edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *osь.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
os f (genitive singular osi, nominative plural osi, genitive plural osí, declension pattern of kosť)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “os”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Slovene edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *osь.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ọ̑s f
- axis (geometry: imaginary line)
Inflection edit
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | ós | ||
gen. sing. | osí | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
ós | osí | osí |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
osí | osí | osí |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
ôsi | oséma | osém |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
ós | osí | osí |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
ôsi | oséh | oséh |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
osjó | oséma | osmí |
Further reading edit
- “os”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “os”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin vōs (accusative), vōbīs (dative).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
os
See also edit
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me | mí1 | |||
plural | masculine2 | nosotros | nos | nosotros | |||
feminine | nosotras | nosotras | |||||
second person | singular | tuteo | tú | te | ti1 | ||
voseo | vos | vos | |||||
formal3 | usted | le, se4 | lo/la5 | usted | |||
plural | familiar6 | masculine2 | vosotros | os | vosotros | ||
feminine | vosotras | vosotras | |||||
formal/general3 | ustedes | les, se4 | los/las5 | ustedes | |||
third person | singular | masculine2 | él | le, se4 | lo | él | |
feminine | ella | la | ella | ||||
neuter | ello7 | lo | ello | ||||
plural | masculine2 | ellos | les, se4 | los | ellos | ||
feminine | ellas | las | ellas | ||||
reflexive | — | se | sí1 |
- Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
- Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
- Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
- If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
- Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
- Used primarily in Spain
- Used only in rare circumstances
Further reading edit
- “os”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
Disputed. Possibly related to Latin odor, or alternatively Sanskrit वास (vāsa, “perfume”).
Pronunciation edit
audio (file)
Noun edit
os n
- (uncountable) (bad) smell, especially a strong smell originating from cooking
Declension edit
Declension of os | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | os | oset | - | - |
Genitive | os | osets | - | - |
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
os n
- a river mouth; the place where a creek, stream or river enters into a lake
- indefinite genitive singular of o
Declension edit
Declension of os | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | os | oset | os | osen |
Genitive | os | osets | os | osens |
See also edit
References edit
- os in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- os in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- os in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Volapük edit
Pronoun edit
os
- (impersonal pronoun) it
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
o (“if”) + -s (“him, her, it, them”)
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
os
- if (used with factual conditionals, i.e., those that are considered likely or plausible)
- Os ydw i’n iawn, yna mae wedi canu arnat ti.
- If I’m right, then you’re done for.
See also edit
- pe (used with counterfactual conditionals)
White Hmong edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʔap (“duck”), borrowed from Middle Chinese 鴨 (MC 'aep, “duck”).[1]
Noun edit
os (classifier: tus)
- a duck
Etymology 2 edit
Interjection edit
os
- a final emphatic particle, usually used to express sincerity
- Nyob zoo os. ― Hello.
- Tuaj os. ― You've come.
- Noj mov os. ― Please eat.
References edit
- ^ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, pages 129; 280.