scheren
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˈsxeː.rə(n)/
audio (Belgium) (file) audio (Netherlands) (file) - Hyphenation: sche‧ren
- Rhymes: -eːrən
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch schēren, from Old Dutch skeran, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Verb edit
scheren
- (transitive, reflexive) to shave (reflexive pronouns are used for self-directed actions)
- hij scheert zich nu ― he's shaving now
- de arts scheerde de huid rond de wond van de patiënt ― the doctor shaved the skin around the patient's wound
- (transitive) to shear
- morgen gaan ze de schapen scheren ― they will shear the sheep tomorrow
Conjugation edit
| Inflection of scheren (strong class 4) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| past singular | schoor | |||
| past participle | geschoren | |||
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| gerund | scheren n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | scheer | schoor | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | scheert | schoor | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | scheert | schoor | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | scheert | schoort | ||
| 3rd person singular | scheert | schoor | ||
| plural | scheren | schoren | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | schere | schore | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | scheren | schoren | ||
| imperative sing. | scheer | |||
| imperative plur.1 | scheert | |||
| participles | scherend | geschoren | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: skeer
- Berbice Creole Dutch: skeri
- Negerhollands: skeer
- Skepi Creole Dutch: skler, scar
- → Aukan: sikeli
- → Sranan Tongo: sker
- → Dutch: skeer
- → West Frisian: skeare
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Dutch schēren, from Old Dutch *skerien, from Proto-West Germanic *skarjan, from Proto-Germanic *skarjaną, causative of *skeraną. From said verb *skeraną derives Etymology 1 above, and conflation with this verb has caused this originally weak verb to be conjugated as a strong verb (although the weak conjugation is also attested).
Verb edit
scheren
- (obsolete) to order, arrange, prepare
- (obsolete) to stretch, strain (as of ropes or yarn)
- scheerlijn ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Conjugation edit
| Inflection of scheren (strong class 4) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| past singular | schoor | |||
| past participle | geschoren | |||
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| gerund | scheren n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | scheer | schoor | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | scheert | schoor | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | scheert | schoor | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | scheert | schoort | ||
| 3rd person singular | scheert | schoor | ||
| plural | scheren | schoren | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | schere | schore | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | scheren | schoren | ||
| imperative sing. | scheer | |||
| imperative plur.1 | scheert | |||
| participles | scherend | geschoren | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
| Inflection of scheren (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| past singular | scheerde | |||
| past participle | gescheerd | |||
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| gerund | scheren n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | scheer | scheerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | scheert | scheerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | scheert | scheerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | scheert | scheerde | ||
| 3rd person singular | scheert | scheerde | ||
| plural | scheren | scheerden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | schere | scheerde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | scheren | scheerden | ||
| imperative sing. | scheer | |||
| imperative plur.1 | scheert | |||
| participles | scherend | gescheerd | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb edit
scheren
Conjugation edit
| Inflection of scheren (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| past singular | scheerde | |||
| past participle | gescheerd | |||
| infinitive | scheren | |||
| gerund | scheren n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | scheer | scheerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | scheert | scheerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | scheert | scheerde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | scheert | scheerde | ||
| 3rd person singular | scheert | scheerde | ||
| plural | scheren | scheerden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | schere | scheerde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | scheren | scheerden | ||
| imperative sing. | scheer | |||
| imperative plur.1 | scheert | |||
| participles | scherend | gescheerd | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms edit
Etymology 4 edit
Related to scherts. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb edit
scheren
Conjugation edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 5 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
scheren
German edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle High German schërn, from Old High German skeran, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Akin to Low German scheren, Dutch scheren, West Frisian skarre, English shear, Danish skære.
Verb edit
scheren (class 4 strong, third-person singular present schert, past tense schor, past participle geschoren, past subjunctive schöre, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to cut back something that grows
- to shear (sheep etc.)
- Wenn Schafe nicht geschoren werden, können sie sich vor lauter Wolle nicht mehr bewegen.
- When sheep aren’t shorn, they can no longer move for all the wool.
- 1813 July 19, Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen[1], pages 1151–1152:
- Unser Verfasser widerspricht hier einer Meinung einiger Naturforscher (…), daß durch das öftere Abschneiden zwar das einzelne Haar an Stärke zunehme, aber die Anzahl der einzelnen Haare darum nicht wachse. Wäre diese Behauptung richtig, so müßte die Wolle von zweyschurigen Schafen gröber seyn, als von einschurigen, und die Wolle müßte um so feiner seyn, je seltener man die Schafe schiert.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- to clip, prune (a hedge)
- Synonyms: schneiden, beschneiden
- (dated) to cut, shave, trim (hair)
- Synonym: rasieren
- to shear (sheep etc.)
- (transitive, dated) to exploit; to defraud of, cheat for [+ um (object)]
- Bei dem Vertrag haben sie uns ganz schön geschoren. ― In that contract they really ripped us off.
Conjugation edit
| infinitive | scheren | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | scherend | ||||
| past participle | geschoren | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich schere | wir scheren | i | ich schere | wir scheren |
| du scherst | ihr schert | du scherest | ihr scheret | ||
| er schert | sie scheren | er schere | sie scheren | ||
| preterite | ich schor | wir schoren | ii | ich schöre1 | wir schören1 |
| du schorst | ihr schort | du schörest1 du schörst1 |
ihr schöret1 ihr schört1 | ||
| er schor | sie schoren | er schöre1 | sie schören1 | ||
| imperative | scher (du) schere (du) |
schert (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Verb edit
scheren (weak, third-person singular present schert, past tense scherte, past participle geschert, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive, of a thing or occurrence, usually negated) to bother (someone); to trouble (someone)
- Was schert mich das? ― Why should I care? (literally, “What does that bother me?”)
- Das schert mich einen Dreck! ― I don't give a damn! (literally, “It bothers me a dirt!”)
- (reflexive, informal) to care (about something); to mind (something) [+ um (object)]
- Scher dich um deinen eigenen Kram! ― Mind your own business
Conjugation edit
| infinitive | scheren | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | scherend | ||||
| past participle | geschert | ||||
| auxiliary | haben or sein | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich schere | wir scheren | i | ich schere | wir scheren |
| du scherst | ihr schert | du scherest | ihr scheret | ||
| er schert | sie scheren | er schere | sie scheren | ||
| preterite | ich scherte | wir scherten | ii | ich scherte1 | wir scherten1 |
| du schertest | ihr schertet | du schertest1 | ihr schertet1 | ||
| er scherte | sie scherten | er scherte1 | sie scherten1 | ||
| imperative | scher (du) schere (du) |
schert (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Late Middle High German schern (“to hurry, to escape”), first attested in the 15th century.[1] Of uncertain origin. Possibly from Old High German scerōn (“to be exuberant; to rest”). If so ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd- (“to move, sway, swing, jump”). See also Old High German scerdo (“hinge”), Latin cardō (“hinge”), Lithuanian kárti (“to hang”).[2]
Verb edit
scheren (weak, third-person singular present schert, past tense scherte, past participle geschert, auxiliary haben or sein)
- (intransitive, rare outside compounds) to go into a certain direction
- (reflexive, informal) to scram; to beat it
- (transitive, geometry) to shear, to apply a shearing transformation to (displacing each point of a geometric figure in fixed direction by an amount proportional to its signed distance, thus preserving the area of the figure.)
- ein Rechteck zu einem Parallelogramm scheren ― to shear a rectangle into a parallelogram
- ein geschertes Rechteck verwandelt sich in ein Parallelogramm ― a sheared rectangle is transformed into a parallelogram
- Objekte können mit der Maus skaliert, gedreht und geschert werden ― objects can be scaled, rotated and sheared with the mouse
Conjugation edit
| infinitive | scheren | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | scherend | ||||
| past participle | geschert | ||||
| auxiliary | haben or sein | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich schere | wir scheren | i | ich schere | wir scheren |
| du scherst | ihr schert | du scherest | ihr scheret | ||
| er schert | sie scheren | er schere | sie scheren | ||
| preterite | ich scherte | wir scherten | ii | ich scherte1 | wir scherten1 |
| du schertest | ihr schertet | du schertest1 | ihr schertet1 | ||
| er scherte | sie scherten | er scherte1 | sie scherten1 | ||
| imperative | scher (du) schere (du) |
schert (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Wolfgang Pfeifer: Etymologisches Wörterbuch.
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 324
Further reading edit
Middle Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Old Dutch skeran, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Verb edit
schēren
- to shave
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “scheren (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “scheren (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old English sċieran, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
scheren
- To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
- To split up; to share out or disunite.
- To leave; to make an departure or exit.
- To make a sign or mark, especially by indentation.
- (rare) To work or craft metal.
Usage notes edit
This verb is occasionally weak, but generally remains strong throughout the Middle English period.
Conjugation edit
| infinitive | (to) scheren, schere, schern | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | schere | schar, scher | |
| 2nd-person singular | scherest | schere, schere, schar, scher | |
| 3rd-person singular | schereth | schar, scher | |
| subjunctive singular | schere | schere1, schere1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | scheren, schere, schern | scheren, schere, scheren, schere | |
| imperative plural | schereth, schere | — | |
| participles | scherynge, scherende | schoren, schore, schorn, yschoren, yschore | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “shēren, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-09.