stiprs

Latvian

Etymology

Derived from the verb stipt (“to become rigid, to harden”), from the same stem as stiept (“to stretch”) (q.v.); the r follows the example of stingt (“to harden, to stiffen”), stingrs (“firm, strong, strict”). Cognates include Lithuanian stiprùs, dialectal stìpras, Old Prussian postippin (“all”) (acc.), postippan (“all, entirely, completely”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA: [stipɾs]

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Adjective

stiprs (def. stiprais, comp. stiprāks, sup. visstiprākais; adv. stipri)

strong (person, animal with great strength, who is physically well developed)
stiprs puisis, vīrs — strong guy, man

stiprs kā lācis, kā lauva — strong as a bear, as a lion

stiprais dzimums — the strong sex (i.e., men)

stiprs zirgs — strong horse
(of body parts) strong (big, well developed)
stiprs organisms — strong organism

stipri zobi — strong teeth

kas cilvēkam ir stiprāks: rokas vai kājas? — what is stronger on a person: the arms or the legs?
(of plants, their parts) strong, firm, hard, well developed, not weak, not brittle
stiprs ozols — strong, big oak

stiprs zars — strong, firm, big branch

stipras saknes — strong roots

stiprs rieksts — strong, hard nut
(of actions, physiological processes) strong, extreme (which is done or happens with strength, energy, intensity)
stiprs sitiens, tvēriens — strong blow, grip

stiprs kājas spēriens — strong (leg) kick

stipra piepūle — strong effort

stipras sāpes, graizes — strong pain, colic

stiprs nogurums — extreme fatigue
(of events) strong (of higher intensity than usual, when compared to other similar events)
stiprs vējš, sals — strong, heavy wind, frost

stipri nokrišņi — strong precipitation, rainfall

stipra straume — strong current, stream
(of sounds, light) strong, intense
stipras skaņas — intense sounds

stiprs troksnis — intense noise

lasīt stiprā balsī — to read in a strong, loud voice

stipra saules gaisma — intense sunlight
(of objects) strong, heavy, resistant, powerful, well built
stiprs cirvis — heavy ax

stiprs žogs — strong fence

stipra celtne — strong building

stipri apavi — strong shoes

stipra klints — strong rock

stipra audums — strong fabric
(of equipment, machines, parts) strong (with great capacity, strength, intensity of effects)
stiprs motors — strong motor

stipra spuldze — strong light bulb
(of activities) strong (well developed, organized)
stipra zemkopība — strong agriculture
(of smells, substances, medicine) strong, irritating, having strong effect, influence on the organism
stipra sveķu smarža — strong smell of resin

stiprs medikaments — strong medicine

stipra tabaka — strong tobacco

stipra inde — strong poison
(of solutions, broths) strong, thick (containing a relatively large proportion of ingredients, substances)
stiprs šķīdums — strong solution

stiprs buljons — strong, thick broth

stiprs alkoholisks dzēriens — strong alcoholic beverage

stiprs vīns — strong wine
(of food, air) strong, hearty, healthy (which gives strength, energy, freshness)
stipras brokastis — strong, hearty breakfast

stiprs pavasara gaiss — strong, healthy spring air
(of psychological and emotional states) strong (expressed intensively)
stipra draudzība — strong friendship

stipras dusmas — strong, intense anger

stipras ilgas — strong desire

stiprs uztraukums — intense excitement
(of people, their personality) strong (capable of taking decisive action under difficult circumstances)
stipra personība — strong personality

stiprs raksturs — strong character
(of people) strong (having deep knowledge of, skilled, experienced)
matemātikā viņš bija stiprs — in mathematics he is strong

neesmu stiprs astronomijā — I am not strong in astronomy
(of ideas, viewpoints) strong (steady, unchanging)
stipra pārliecība — strong conviction

stipra ticība — strong belief, faith
(of power, words) strong, powerful, influential, convincing
stipra valsts vara — strong state power

stiprs arguments — strong argument

stiprs iebildums — strong opposition
(of words, expressions) strong, open, rude
ezermalā sanāca vīru kompānijas, dzēra degvīnu, un neskopojās ar stipriem izteicieniem — a group of men came by the lakeshore, drank voda, and didn't spare the strong words (lit. expressions)

Declension

indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of stiprs

	masculine (vīriešu dzimte)		feminine (sieviešu dzimte)
	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	stiprs	stipri	stipra	stipras
accusative (akuzatīvs)	stipru	stiprus	stipru	stipras
genitive (ģenitīvs)	stipra	stipru	stipras	stipru
dative (datīvs)	stipram	stipriem	stiprai	stiprām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	stipru	stipriem	stipru	stiprām
locative (lokatīvs)	stiprā	stipros	stiprā	stiprās
vocative (vokatīvs)	—	—	—	—