Wiktionary

i

See also: I and Appendix:Variations of "i"

i U+0069, i
LATIN SMALL LETTER I
← h
[U+0068] 		Basic Latin j →
[U+006A]
ⁱ U+2071, ⁱ
SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER I
[unassigned: U+2072–U+2073]
← ⁰
[U+2070] 		Superscripts and Subscripts ⁴ →
[U+2074]
ⅰ U+2170, ⅰ
SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL ONE
← Ⅿ
[U+216F] 		Number Forms ⅱ →
[U+2171]
ｉ U+FF49, ｉ
FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER I
← ｈ
[U+FF48] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｊ →
[U+FF4A]

Translingual

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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Lower case variation of upper case I, from Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, “Iota”).

Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

i (upper case İ)

  1. In the Turkish alphabet and its descendants, the lower-case form of dotted capital İ, which contrasts with ı as the lower-case form of dotless capital I.

See also

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Derived symbols

Similar and related symbols

Etymology 2

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  • (mathematics, imaginary number): abbreviation of imaginary
  • (engineering, electric current): abbreviation of French intensité du courant first used by M. André-Marie Ampère
  • (computer programming, generic index): abbreviation of index

Pronunciation

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
  • IPA:(file)

Symbol

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i

  1. (mathematics, often in italics or bold) The imaginary unit; a fixed square root of -1. Graphically,   is shown on the vertical (y-axis) plane.
    Synonym: j
    a+bi with a is real part and b is imaginary part
  2. (engineering, often in bold) The current flow in an electric circuit, frequently measured in amperes.
    v=ir (Ohm's Law)
  3. (mathematics, programming) A common variable name representing a generic index, especially in loops.
    Synonym: j
  4. (IPA, romanization) a close front unrounded vowel.
  5. (superscript ⟨ⁱ⟩, IPA) [i]-coloring, an [i] on-glide or off-glide (a diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [i].
  6. (international standards) transliterates Indic इ (or equivalent).
  7. (financial mathematics) annual effective interest rate

Etymology 3

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Lower case form of upper case Roman numeral I, apparently derived from the shape of a notch scored across a tally stick.

Alternative forms

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Numeral

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i (lower case Roman numeral, upper case I)

  1. cardinal number one.
  2. (music) minor tonic triad

See also

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  • Letter styles
  •  
    Uppercase and lowercase versions of I, in normal and italic type
  •  
    Uppercase and lowercase I in Fraktur

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The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): 
Character=I9
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

Other representations of I:

English

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Etymology 1

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From Latin i, minuscule of I.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I, plural is or i's)

  1. The ninth letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
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The English letter i represents many different sounds, often the diphthong /aɪ/ (from Middle English /iː/), as in the pronoun I, or /ɪ/ as in bit.

See also
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Number

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ordinal number ninth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Noun

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i (plural ies)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.
    • the position of an i-dot (the dot of an i)
    • i-mutation, i-umlaut
Alternative forms
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Derived terms

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Translations
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See i/translations § Noun.
See also
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Etymology 2

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From Old English iċ.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. (nonstandard) Alternative letter-case form of I
    • 1762, Benj[amin] Stillingfleet, Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Natural History, Husbandry, and Physick. To Which Is Added the Calendar of Flora., 2nd edition, London: […] R. and J. Dodsley, […]; S. Baker, […]; and T. Payne, […], pages 30 and 32:
      Here follow ſome few lines in the original, which not underſtanding i have omitted. […] Laſtly that amidſt ſo many viciſſitudes of fortune, to which I have been expoſed, amongſt all the goods, i ſay, and evils, the joyfull and gloomy, the pleaſing, and diſagreeable circumſtances of life, thou endowedſt me with an equal, conſtant, manly, and ſuperior ſpirit on every occaſion.
Usage notes
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  • Also used in instant messaging due to limitations of entering capitals on a mobile phone's keypad.
  • Sometimes to indicate informality, primarily in typed media

Etymology 3

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Abbreviations.

  1. (stenoscript) a word-initial letter ⟨i⟩
  2. (stenoscript) the long vowel /aɪ/ at the end of a word, or before a final consonant that is not /dʒ, v, z/. (Note: the final consonant is not written.)
  3. (stenoscript) the words if, is, it, its

Acehnese

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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Adangme

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Pronoun

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i

  1. I
    I suɔ mo. ― I love you.

Albanian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Albanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Preposition

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i m

  1. masculine singular preposition
  2. of (+ dative)
    Fisi i Malësorëve. ― The tribe of Highlanders.
    Fisi i Malësorëvet. ― The tribe of the Highlanders.

Article

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i m

  1. masculine singular nominative adjectival article
  2. the
    Shkurt. I shkurt. I shkurti. ― Short. Short one. The short one. or Short. Shorty. The shorty.
    Madh. I madhi zot. / Zoti i madh. ― Great. The great god.

See also

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See Appendix:Albanian adjectival articles for other forms.

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Alemannic German

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Pronoun

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i (unstressed)

  1. I (first-person singular pronoun)
    Synonym: (stressed) ich

Ama

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i

  1. tooth

Anambé

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Noun

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i

  1. water

Further reading

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  • Paul Ehrenreich, Materialien zur Sprachenkunde Brasiliens IV: Vocabulare der Guajajara und Anambē (Para) (1895) (i)
  • Wolf Dietrich, Correspondências fonológicas e lexicais entre Karitiána (Arikém, Tupí) e Tupí-Guaraní (y)

Araweté

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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Aruá

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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Azerbaijani

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case İ)

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Bambara

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Pronoun

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í

  1. thou, you (singular)

Basque

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Basque alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Noun

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i (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

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Bavarian

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Alternative forms

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  • y (Niederbayerisch)

Etymology

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From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Cognates include German ich and Yiddish איך (ikh).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /i(ː)/, (stressed) [iː], (unstressed) [ɪ], [e]

Pronoun

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i

  1. I
    • 2013, “I halts nit aus [I can't endure it]”, performed by Hannah:
      I halts nit aus, des Scheißgefühl, i kann di doch liaben wann und wo i will!
      I can't endure this shitty feeling, I can, after all, love you when and where I want!

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Bavarian personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
1st person singular i — mi — mia (mir) ma
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du — di — dia (dir) da
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Sie — Eahna — Eahna —
3rd person singular m er a eahm 'n eahm 'n
n es, des 's des 's
f se, de 's se 's ihr —
1st person plural mia (mir) ma uns — uns —
2nd person plural eß, ihr — enk, eich — enk, eich —
3rd person plural se 's eahna — eahna —

Bislama

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Particle

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i

  1. Separates the subject of a sentence from the predicate, used when the subject is a pronoun or a noun

Borôro

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i

  1. tree

Bourguignon

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old French je, from Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego. Near cognates include Franc-Comtois i and standard French je.

Pronoun

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i

  1. I
    I panse qu'i seus maulaide. ― I think that I'm sick.
    I t'aime. ― I love you.
  2. we
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See Appendix:Bourguignon personal pronouns.

Cameroon Pidgin

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Alternative forms

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  • he, she, it (in higher registers closer to English with corresponding gender distinction)
  • il, ele (Camfranglais with Romance gender distinction)

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. 3rd person singular subject personal pronoun

See also

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Cameroonian Pidgin personal pronouns
Subject personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person I we, wu
2nd person you wuna
3rd person i dey
Object and topic personal pronouns
1st person me we
2nd person you wuna
3rd person yi, -am dem, -am

Catalan

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

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i f (plural is)

  1. the Latin letter I (lowercase i)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Catalan e.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i

  1. and; used to connect two similar words, phrases, sentences, etc.; as well as; together with; in addition to
    Hi ha moltes colomes i teuladins. ― There are many pigeons and sparrows.
    Ella escriu els articles i ell els il·lustra amb els seus dibuixos. ― She writes the articles and he illustrates them with his drawings.
Alternative forms
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References

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Cemuhî

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *kutu.

Noun

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i

  1. louse

References

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  • Jim Hollyman,K. J. Hollyman, Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, page 52, 1999

Chuukese

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Pronoun

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i

  1. him
  2. her
  3. it
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Chuukese personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person ngaang, nganga, ngang áám, am (exclusive)
kiich, kich (inclusive)
2nd person een, en áámi, ami
3rd person iiy, i iir, ir

Cimbrian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Cognate with German ich, English I.

Pronoun

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i

  1. (Luserna) I
    I hån an pruadar un a sbestar. ― I have a brother and a sister.

Inflection

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Personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person i biar
2nd person du iar
3rd person er, si, 'z se

References

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Classical Nahuatl

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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ī

  1. (transitive) to drink

Cornish

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Pronoun

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i

  1. they

Corsican

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Etymology

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From the earlier li. Compare Italian i (“the”) and Romanian îi (“them”).

Article

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i m pl (masculine singular u, feminine singular a, feminine plural e)

  1. the (masculine plural)

Usage notes

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  • Before a vowel, i turns into l'.

Pronoun

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i m pl

  1. them (direct object)

Usage notes

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  • Before a vowel, i turns into l'.

See also

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Corsican personal pronouns
Nominative Dative Accusative Disjunctive
Singular 1st person eiu mi mè
2nd person tù ti tè
3rd person m ellu li u, l' ellu
3rd person f ella a, l' ella
Plural 1st person noi ci noi
2nd person voi vi voi
3rd person m elli li i, l' elli
3rd person f elle e, l' elle

References

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Czech

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *i.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i

  1. and (also), and even
    Synonyms: (Moravian) aj, (Moravian) aji
  2. even (implying an extreme example, used at the beginning of sentences)
    Synonyms: (Moravian) aj, (Moravian) aji
    I slepá veverka někdy najde ořech. ― Even a blind squirrel finds an acorn sometimes.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • i in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • i in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Dalmatian

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Etymology

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From Latin illī, nominative masculine plural of ille. Compare Italian i, gli.

Article

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i

  1. the; masculine plural definite article
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Dama (Sierra Leone)

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Etymology

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Likely cognate with Vai [script needed] (i, “you”).

Pronoun

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i

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. I (first-person singular personal pronoun)
    2. you (second-person singular person pronoun)

Usage notes

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The rememberer who glossed this word did so as "I", but Dalby proposes that this is an error, based on the Vai pronouns.

References

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  • Dalby, T. D. P. (1963) “The extinct language of Dama”, in Sierra Leone Language Review, volume 2, Freetown: Fourah Bay College, pages 50–54

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *en.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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i

  1. in, inside
  2. Indicates exponentiation.
    Tre i femte. ― Three to the power of five. (short for tre i femte potens, three in fifth power). [note that the exponent is in the ordinal form]
  3. for (some duration)
    Jeg har boet her i tre år. ― I have lived here for three years.
  4. Used to indicate a past time or period when something took place.
    Han fyldte seks år i mandags. ― He turned six years old on Monday.
  5. Used to indicate regular presence in a location.
    Pigen går i gymnasiet og er 17 år ― The girl goes to high school and is 17 years old.
  6. Used in conjunction with time to indicate a number of minutes before a full hour.
    Fem minutter i tolv. ― Five minutes to twelve.
  7. Used when indicating that something is happening or repeated a number of times within each time period .
    Tre gange i timen. ― Three times a day
  8. Indicates affiliation with a profession.
    Professor i fysik ― Professor of physics

Drehu

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i

  1. fish

References

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Elfdalian

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Etymology

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From Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in. Cognate with Swedish i.

Preposition

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i

  1. in

Emilian

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Alternative forms

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  • j- (before vowels)
  • -i (after consonant)
  • -j (after vowels)

Etymology

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From Latin illī (“they”) (nominative plural of ille).

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i (personal)

  1. (nominative case, masculine) they
  2. (accusative case, masculine) them
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Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)
Number Person Gender Disjunctive
(tonic) 		Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Reflexive
(-self) 		Comitative
(with)
Singular First — mè a me mêg
Second — tè et te têg
Third Masculine ló al ge se sêg
Feminine lê la
Plural First Masculine nuēter a se nōsk
Feminine nuētri
Second Masculine vuēter a ve vōsk
Feminine vuētri
Third Masculine lôr i ge se sêg
Feminine el li

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

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Noun

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i (accusative singular i-on, plural i-oj, accusative plural i-ojn)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

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Estonian

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Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Extremaduran

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Conjunction

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i

  1. and

Fala

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese e.

Conjunction

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i

  1. and (expressing two elements to be taken together)

Quotations

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For more quotations using this term, see Citations:i.

Faroese

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The tenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Noun

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i n (genitive singular is, plural i)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

Declension

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Declension of i
n4 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative i iið i iini
accusative i iið i iini
dative i, ii inum ium iunum
genitive is isins ia ianna

See also

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Finnish

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Etymology

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The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and i for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Foi

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Noun

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i

  1. eye
  2. seventeen
  3. twenty-one

French

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i m (plural is)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

Derived terms

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Friulian

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Friulian Definite Articles
singular plural
masculine il
l' 		i
feminine  la
l' 		lis

Etymology

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From Latin illi.

Article

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i m pl (singular il)

  1. the

Pronoun

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i (third person masculine/ feminine indirect object)

  1. to him
  2. to her

See also

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Fula

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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See also

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Galician

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Galician alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Noun

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i m (plural is)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

Etymology 2

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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i

  1. an antihiatical particle that, due to sandhi, can precede a word which begins with a vowel sound after a word which ends with vowel sound; now rarely represented in written language
    • 1594, anonymous author, Entremés dos pastores:
      Ay Jan cata non te enfermes, nen sentencies con malicia, cata que a yalma perdes.
      Oh, Xan, watch out, don't get sick, nor sentence with meanness, watch out that your soul you're loosing

Gothic

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Romanization

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i

  1. Romanization of 𐌹

Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology 1

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From Portuguese ele.

Pronoun

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i

  1. he, she (third person singular).

Etymology 2

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From Portuguese e. Cognate with Spanish y.

Conjunction

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i

  1. and

Haitian Creole

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. (Okap dialect) he, she, it

Hawaiian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *i.

Pronunciation

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Particle

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i

  1. used to mark the following (noun or noun phrase) as a direct object
    Ua ʻai ka pōpoki i ka ʻiole. ― The cat ate the mouse.
  2. used to indicate past tense (precedes verb)
    I hana au. ― I worked.
  3. used to indicate perfect participle (precedes verb)
    i haʻalele ― having left, who had left

Preposition

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i

  1. in, at
  2. (indicating destination) to

See also

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Hokkien

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For pronunciation and definitions of i – see 伊 (“he, him; she, her; it”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 伊).

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme): IPA: [ˈi]
  • (letter name): IPA: [ˈi]

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Declension

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Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative i i-k
accusative i-t i-ket
dative i-nek i-knek
instrumental i-vel i-kkel
causal-final i-ért i-kért
translative i-vé i-kké
terminative i-ig i-kig
essive-formal i-ként i-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive i-ben i-kben
superessive i-n i-ken
adessive i-nél i-knél
illative i-be i-kbe
sublative i-re i-kre
allative i-hez i-khez
elative i-ből i-kből
delative i-ről i-kről
ablative i-től i-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		i-é i-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		i-éi i-kéi
Possessive forms of i
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. i-m i-im
2nd person sing. i-d i-id
3rd person sing. i-je i-i
1st person plural i-nk i-ink
2nd person plural i-tek i-itek
3rd person plural i-jük i-ik

See also

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Further reading

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  • i in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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  • (letter name) IPA(key): /ɪː/

Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Ido

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Pronunciation

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  • (context pronunciation, letter name) IPA(key): /i/

Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Igbo

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Igbo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

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Alternative forms

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  • ị (retracted tongue position)

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i (dependent form, independent form gị)

  1. (personal) you (singular)
    Kedụ ka i mere?
    How are you?
See also
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Igbo personal pronouns
dependent independent object/possesive
Singular first m, a/e- ... -m m, mụ
second ị, i ngị, gị gị
third ọ, o ya
Plural first anyị
second ụnụ
third ha, a/e- ... -ha ha
Indefinite a/e - -

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian и (i).

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i

  1. and
    Miä läkkään ižoraks i soomeks. ― I speak Ingrian and Finnish.
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 19:
      Repo i kana.
      A fox and a hen.

Synonyms

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Particle

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i

  1. also, as well, too
    Mut, miä läkkään i viroks. ― But, I speak Estonian, too.
    • 1885, “Sprachproben: Der goldene Vogel”, in Volmari Porkka, editor, Ueber den Ingrischen Dialekt mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen finnisch-ingermanländischen Dialekte:
      Mäni da i heittiis makkaamaa, ja makkais taas hoomuksee nasse.
      He went and threw himself to sleep, too, and he slept up till the morning again.
      (Note: The spelling has been normalised in accordance with the literary Ingrian language.)
    • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:
      Iƶorat laatiit kansan, kumpa keelen poolest kuuluu läns-fenniläisiin kansoin gruppaa ja sil viisii i iƶoroin keeli kuuluu läns-fenniläisee keelisisteemaa.
      The Ingrians make up a people, that based on their language belongs to the group of Finnic peoples and as such the language of Ingrians also belongs to the Finnic language family.

Synonyms

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References

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  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 86
  • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 44
  • Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎[3], →ISBN, page 79

Irish

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Alternative forms

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  • in (used before vowels in place of eclipsis; also used before bhur (“your”, pl), dhá (“two”), titles of books, films, and the like, and foreign words that resist mutation)

Etymology

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From Old Irish i, from Proto-Celtic *eni (compare Welsh yn), from Proto-Indo-European *en (compare English in, Latin in, Ancient Greek ἐν (en)).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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i (plus dative, triggers eclipsis, before the definite article s-, ins)

  1. in

Inflection

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Inflection of i
Person Normal Emphatic
1st person sing. ionam ionamsa
2d person sing. ionat ionatsa
3d sing. masc. ann annsan
3d sing. fem. inti intise
1st person pl. ionainn ionainne
2d person pl. ionaibh ionaibhse
3d person pl. iontu iontusan

Derived terms

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Irish preposition contractions
Basic form Contracted with Copular forms
an (“the sg”) na (“the pl”) mo (“my”) do (“your”) a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) ár (“our”) ar (“which (past)”) (before consonant) (present/future before vowel) (past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”) den de na
desna*		 de mo
dem*		 de do
ded*, det*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
do (“to, for”) don do na
dosna*		 do mo
dom*		 do do
dod*, dot*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
faoi (“under, about”) faoin faoi na faoi mo faoi do faoina faoinár faoinar faoinarb faoinarbh
i (“in”) sa, san sna i mo
im*		 i do
id*, it*		 ina inár inar inarb inarbh
le (“with”) leis an leis na le mo
lem*		 le do
led*, let*		 lena lenár lenar lenarb lenarbh
ó (“from, since”) ón ó na
ósna*		 ó mo
óm*		 ó do
ód*, ót*		 óna ónár ónar ónarb ónarbh
trí (“through”) tríd an trí na trí mo trí do trína trínár trínar trínarb trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
i n-i hi not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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Italian

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Etymology 1

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Reduced form of gli, from earlier li, from Latin illī (nominative plural and dative singular of ille).[1]

Pronunciation

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Article

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Italian Definite Articles
singular plural
masculine il
lo/l' 		i
gli
feminine  la/l' le

i m pl (singular il)

  1. the
Usage notes
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  • i is used before masculine plural words beginning with a single consonant other than x or z, or the plural noun dei; gli is used before masculine plural words beginning with a vowel, x, z, gn, or multiple consonants including pn, ps, and s+consonant, and before the plural noun dei.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Latin ī (the name of the letter I).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈi/*
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Hyphenation: ì

Letter

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i f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Italian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Noun

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i f (invariable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.; i
Derived terms
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See also
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References

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  1. ^ Patota, Giuseppe (2002) Lineamenti di grammatica storica dell'italiano (in Italian), Bologna: il Mulino, →ISBN, page 126

Further reading

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Italiot Greek

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek ἡ (hē)

Article

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i

  1. feminine nominative singular of o

Iu Mien

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Etymology

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From Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʔu̯i (“two”). Cognate with White Hmong ob and Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] oub.

Numeral

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i

  1. two

Japanese

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Romanization

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i

  1. The hiragana syllable い (i) or the katakana syllable イ (i) in Hepburn romanization.

Kabuverdianu

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Etymology

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From Spanish y and Portuguese e.

Conjunction

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i

  1. and

Kabyle

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Preposition

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i

  1. to, for

Kashubian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈi/
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: i

Etymology 1

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The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and i for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *i.

Conjunction

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i

  1. coordinating conjunction; and

Alternative forms

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Further reading

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  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) chapter I, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[4], volume 1, page 515
  • chapter I, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Ladin

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Article

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i m (plural)

  1. the

See also

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Ladino

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Etymology

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From Old Spanish é or e, from Latin et.

Conjunction

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i (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling אי)

  1. and
  2. too

Latgalian

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Etymology

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Shortened from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ir, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥- (“thus”), preserved as such in Latvian ir and Lithuanian ir. Not related to Proto-Slavic *i and its descendants.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈi]
  • Hyphenation: i

Conjunction

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i

  1. and

Particle

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i

  1. too, also

References

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  • Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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ī f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter I.
Coordinate terms
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References

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  • i in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • i in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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ī

  1. go! walk!; second-person singular active imperative of eō
    I intro iam nunc. ― Now then, go in.

Latvian

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Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv
 
I

Etymology

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Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation 1

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  • IPA: [i]
  • Audio:(file)

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also
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Pronunciation 2

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  • IPA: [i]

Noun

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i m (invariable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.
See also
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Liangmai Naga

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i (dual anai, plural aliu)

  1. I

Ligurian

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Ligurian Definite Articles
singular plural
masculine o i
feminine  a e

Pronunciation

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Article

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i m pl (singular o)

  1. the

Lithuanian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Lithuanian alphabet, called i trumpoji and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Livonian

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme) IPA: /i/

Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Lower Grand Valley Dani

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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  • H. Myron Bromley, A Grammar of Lower Grand Valley Dani (1981)
  • H. Myron Bromley, The Phonology of Lower Grand Valley Dani (2013)
  • The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN

Lower Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
  2. The name of the Latin-script letter i/I.

Conjunction

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i

  1. (archaic) and

Interjection

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i!

  1. ew!, ick!

See also

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Further reading

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  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) chapter I, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) chapter I, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Lule Sami

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Verb

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i

  1. second-person singular present of ij

Lushootseed

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /i/, /eɪ/

Letter

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i

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as a non-low front unrounded vowel.

Makasar

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Article

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i (Lontara spelling ᨕᨗ)

  1. article for personal names and pronouns

Malay

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Letter

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i

  1. The ninth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Maltese

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɪ/ (short phoneme)
  • IPA(key): /iː/ (long phoneme)
  • IPA(key): /ɪː/ (long phoneme before the letters għ, ħ, h, q; merges with ie)
  • IPA(key): /ɛj/, /aj/ (after għ; variation is regional and idiolectal)

Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Mandinka

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Pronoun

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i

  1. you (personal pronoun)
    as i busa ― he/she struck you.

See also

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Mandinka personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person nte, n, m ntolu, ntelu, n
2nd person ite, i altolu, altelu, al
3rd person ate, a itolu, itelu, y

Maori

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *i.

Particle

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i

  1. from
  2. past-tense verbal particle
  3. particle indicating the direct object of a transitive sentence
  4. past-tense particle indicating location

Masurian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish i.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈi]
  • Syllabification: i

Conjunction

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i

  1. and
  2. whereas

Particle

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i

  1. begins a statement
  2. even

Further reading

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  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) chapter I, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎[5], volume 3, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 30

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Preposition

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i

  1. Alternative form of in (“in”)

Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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i

  1. Alternative form of I (“I”)

Etymology 3

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Pronoun

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i

  1. Alternative form of he (“they”)

Middle Low German

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i m

  1. Alternative form of gî.

Mirandese

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Etymology

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From Latin et.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i

  1. and

Mòcheno

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Etymology

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From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek. Cognate with German ich, English I.

Pronoun

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i (dative mer)

  1. I

Inflection

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Personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person i biar
2nd person du ir
3rd person er, si, s sei

References

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Mondé

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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Murui Huitoto

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈi]
  • Hyphenation: i

Root

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i

  1. this, that (anaphoric, aspecific)

Derived terms

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References

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  • Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎[6], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 161
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Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script:
    i = /ɪ˨/
    į = /ɪ̃˨/
    í = /ɪ˥/
    į́ = /ɪ̃˥/
    ii = /iː˨˨/
    įį = /ĩː˨˨/
    íi = /iː˥˨/
    į́į = /ĩː˥˨/
    ií = /iː˨˥/
    įį́ = /ĩː˨˥/
    íí = /iː˥˥/
    į́į́ = /ĩː˥˥/

Neapolitan

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Etymology 1

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Verb

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i

  1. Alternative spelling of ire (“to go”)

Etymology 2

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From Latin ego.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. I: the first-person singular nominative personal pronoun.

Nheengatu

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Etymology

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From Old Tupi i.

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
  • Hyphenation: i
  • Rhymes: -i

Pronoun

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i

  1. (second-class) third-person singular personal pronoun (he, him, his, she, her, it, its)
    I akanhemu uikú nhaãsé i kirá uikú.
    He is scared because he is fat.
    Indé reputari repitá i irũmu.
    You want to stay with him.
    Indé remeẽ manungara i xupé.
    You give something to him.
    I manha uwiké uka pisasú upé.
    His mother enters the new house.

Usage notes

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  • As a second-class pronoun, i is used as the subject of a sentence when its verb is a second-class one (those verbs are sometimes referred to as adjectives). The personal pronoun i is also used when governed by any postposition with the exception of arama. Unlike other second-class pronouns, i is used when governed by the postposition supé. Finally, i is used as a possessive pronoun as well.

See also

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Nheengatu personal pronouns
singular first-class pronoun second-class pronoun
first-person ixé se
second-person indé ne
third-person aé i
plural first-class pronoun second-class pronoun
first-person yandé yané
second-person penhẽ pe
third-person aintá (or tá) aintá (or tá)

References

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North Frisian

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. (Sylt) (second person plural subject pronoun) you, you all

See also

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  • juu (object and possessive form)

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Old Norse í (“in”), from Proto-Germanic *in (“in, into”), from Proto-Indo-European *én (“in”).

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name): IPA(key): /iː/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /iː/, /i/, /ɪ/

Letter

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i

  1. The ninth letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Preposition

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i

  1. (location) in, inside of
    Ligge i sengen ― Laying in bed
    Oppe i fjellene ― Up in the mountains
  2. (duration of time) for, in, during
    Møtet varte (i) to timer ― The meeting lasted two hours (literally, “The meeting went during two hours”)
    Han var utenlands i mange år ― He lived abroad for many years
    I høst, i vår, i dag, i går ― In autumn, in spring, today, yesterday
  3. (condition, state) in
    Være i fred ― To be in peace
    Være i god form ― To be in shape (physically fit)
    Leve i fattigdom ― To live in poverty
  4. (means, method) in
    Betale i gull ― To pay in gold.
    Gjøre noe i all hast ― To do something urgently (literally, “To do something in all haste”)
    i hemmelighet ― in secret
  5. pertaining to, in reference to
    I deg har jeg en sann venn. ― In you I have a true friend.

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in (“in, into”). Akin to English in.

Preposition

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i

  1. (location) in, inside of
    No er me i Noreg. ― We are currently in Norway.
  2. (duration of time) for, in, during
  3. (condition, state) in
  4. (means, method) in
  5. pertaining to, in reference to
Derived terms
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Adverb

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i

  1. Used together with certain verbs.

Etymology 2

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From Latin i, minuscule of I.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (upper case I, definite singular i-en, indefinite plural i-ar, definite plural i-ane)

  1. The ninth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Pronoun

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i (objective me, possessive min)

  1. (dialectal) alternative letter-case form of I; alternative form of eg (“I”)

Etymology 4

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From Old Norse ér, ír, from Proto-Germanic *jūz. Possibly via Danish I. Compare with de.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i (objective jær or ær or ør, possessive jærs or ærs or ørs)

  1. (obsolete, dialectal, polite) you (second person singular)
    • 1853, Ivar Aasen, Prøver af Landsmaalet i Norge (overall work in Danish), Christiania: Carl C. Werner & Co., page 2:
      men æg undras paa, at i sku kjenn' mæg; æg trur aller, at æg kjenne ør; æg tyks aller ha sett ør før.
      Though I wonder how you would know me. I don't think I know you. I don't think I've ever seen you before.

References

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  • “i” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • Torp, Alf (1919) chapter I, in Nynorsk etymologisk ordbok (in Norwegian Nynorsk), Kristiania: Aschehoug, page 240
  • Ivar Aasen (1850) chapter I, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog‎[7] (in Danish), Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000

Anagrams

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Nupe

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /i/, (after /n/ or /m/) /ĩ/

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Occitan

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i f (plural is)

  1. i (the letter i, I)

Derived terms

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Old French

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Etymology

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From Latin hīc.

Adverb

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i

  1. there

Descendants

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  • French: y

Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *en (compare Welsh yn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (compare English in, Latin in, Ancient Greek ἐν (en)).

The third-person singular masculine and neuter inflected dative form and is not derived from a contraction with a pronoun. Instead, it was originally an adverb with an independent etymology. See its page for its etymology.

Preposition

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i (triggers eclipsis)

  1. in [+dative]
  2. into [+accusative]
  3. in regard to, as to [+dative]
  4. as [+accusative]

For quotations using this term, see Citations:i.

Inflection

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Inflection of i
Person Normal Emphatic
1st person sing. indium(m) indiumsa
2d person sing. indiut indiuts(i)u
3d sing. masc./neut., dative and andsom
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative ind indsom
3d sing. fem., dative indi
3d sing. fem., accusative inte intesi
1st person pl. indiunn indiunni
2d person pl. indib indibsi
3d person pl., dative indib indibsom, indibsem
3d person pl., accusative intiu

Combinations with the definite article:

  • isin (accusative masculine/feminine singular)
  • issa (accusative neuter singular)
  • isin(d) (dative singular)
  • isna (accusative plural)
  • isnaib (dative plural)

Combinations with possessive determiners:

  • im (“in my”) (1st person singular)
  • inna, na (“in his/her/its/their”) (3rd person)

The form i is unchanged in combination with a relative pronoun.

Descendants

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  • Irish: i
  • Scottish Gaelic: an
  • Manx: ayns

Further reading

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Old Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin hīc.

Adverb

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i

  1. there

Descendants

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  • Occitan: i

Old Polish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *i. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i

  1. and (cumulative coordinating conjunction)

Descendants

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  • Masurian: i
  • Polish: i
  • Silesian: i

References

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Old Tupi

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Alternative forms

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  • î (after vowels)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (atonic) /i/
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Hyphenation: i

Pronoun

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i (2nd class, 3rd person singular and plural, dative i xupé)

  1. (before adjectives) he, she, they, it
  2. him, her, them
  3. his, her, their, its
    I roka
    Her house
  4. (dummy pronoun) it
    Gûyrá i porang
    The bird is beautiful
    (literally, “bird it beautiful”)
    Aîkutuk
    I poked it

Descendants

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  • Nheengatu: i

See also

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    Old Tupi personal pronouns
Person Number Nominative
Accusative 		Possessive Dative Objective
Subject 1st class 2nd class Nonreflexive Reflexive 1st class 2nd class
Singular 1st ixé xe ixébe xebe
2nd îepé endé nde endébe ndebe oro-
Singular and Plural 3rd a'e i o i xupé
Plural 1st exc oré orébe
1st inc îandé îandébe
2nd peîepé peẽ pe peẽme peme opo-
Indefinite asé asébe

References

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Paicî

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *kutu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu, from Proto-Austronesian *kuCu.

Noun

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i

  1. louse

References

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  • Jim Hollyman, K. J. Hollyman, Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, page 52, 1999

Papiamentu

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Alternative forms

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  • y (alternative spelling)

Etymology

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From Spanish y and Portuguese e and Kabuverdianu i.

Conjunction

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i

  1. and

Pijin

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Particle

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i

  1. Separates the subject of a sentence from the predicate, used when the subject is a pronoun or a noun

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and i for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Polish alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Old Polish i.

Conjunction

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i

  1. and
    Adam i Ewa tylko zjedli jabłko. ― Adam and Eve only ate an apple.
    Patrzę na nią i oczom nie wierzę. ― I look at her and can't believe my eyes.
  2. even
    Wychodząc i kaloryfer nam naprawił. ― Leaving he even repaired our radiator.
    I ślepa wiewiórka czasem znajdzie orzech. ― Even a blind squirrel finds an acorn sometimes.
    Ja krowy to i w telewizji nigdy nie widziałem. ― I never saw a cow, even on TV.
  3. also, too
    I mnie się podoba wasz wybór. ― I like your choice too.
    Czy i my? ― We too?
  4. so, so that
    Zmęczyłem się i nie byłem już w stanie grać w koszykówkę. ― I grew tired, so I couldn't play basketball anymore.
    Byłeś głupi, i cierp teraz. ― You were a fool, so now suffer.
  5. (i...i) as well as
    Polsce potrzebne są i armia, i flota. ― Poland needs an army as well as a navy.
  6. emphasizing particle
    I dobrze. ― Fine.
Derived terms
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noun

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), i is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 2473 times in scientific texts, 2409 times in news, 3061 times in essays, 2636 times in fiction, and 1806 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 12385 times, making it the 2nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

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  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “i”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 148

Further reading

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  • i in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • i in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) chapter I, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) chapter I, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • chapter I, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 16.09.2009
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) chapter I, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[9]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) chapter I, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[10]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), chapter I, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[11] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 71

Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Noun

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i m (plural is)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

Rapa Nui

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *i.

Particle

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i

  1. relational particle that marks the object of a verb

Usage notes

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Used in all cases except with verbs of sensing; in which case, use e.

Preposition

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i

  1. at
  2. in

Romani

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. (International Standard) The twelfth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
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Etymology 2

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Article

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i f sg (masculine singular o, plural e)

  1. the; feminine singular definite article
    i Sperànca ― Speranza
    i Rumùnia ― Romania
Usage notes
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  • The definite article is used with proper nouns (given names and place names) as well.
Declension
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The definite article
number and gender m sg f sg pl
nominative o i e
oblique e

Romanian

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Etymology 1

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See Translingual section.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
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See I for notes on pronunciation.

See also
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Etymology 2

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From Old Church Slavonic и (i).

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i

  1. (obsolete) and
    Synonym: și
Usage notes
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Mostly used in the context of iproci (and so on...)

Samoan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *i.

Particle

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i

  1. used to mark the following (noun or noun phrase) as a direct object

Preposition

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i

  1. (indicating destination) to

Sardinian

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Etymology

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From Latin hīc (“here”).

Pronoun

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i (adverbial)

  1. there (at a place)
  2. there, thither (to there)
    Synonyms: bi, nche

Sassarese

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Etymology 1

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From Latin ī (the name of the letter I).

Noun

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i f (invariable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.; i

Etymology 2

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Apocopic form of in.

Preposition

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i

  1. Alternative form of i'
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Un cuntaddu [A tale]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others], Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 47:
      Di la ziddài natiba i lu so’ cori
      diricaddu una mamma s’ammintaba
      ch’era verdhi e fiuridda che giardhinu.
      About the native town, in her delicate heart, a mother remembered it was as green and full of flowers as a garden.

Sathmar Swabian

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Pronoun

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i

  1. I

References

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  • Claus Stephani, Volksgut der Sathmarschwaben (1985)

Savi

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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  • Kendall D. Decker Languages of Chitral )1992), Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, 5. Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University and Summer Institute of Linguistics xxii, page 185

Scots

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Etymology

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From Middle English i, variant of in (“in”).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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i

  1. in

Scottish Gaelic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by h and followed by l. Its traditional name is iodh (“yew”).
See also
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Etymology 2

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From Old Irish sí. Cognates include Irish sí and Manx ee.

Pronoun

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i (emphatic ise)

  1. third-person feminine pronoun; she, her, it
See also
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Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns
simple emphatic
singular plural singular plural
First person mi sinn mise sinne
Second person thu, tu1) sibh thusa, tusa1) sibhse
Third person m e iad esan iadsan
Third person f i ise
*) sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns.
**) To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used.
1) used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh.

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology 1

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See Translingual section.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (Cyrillic spelling и)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Serbo-Croatian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Slavic *i.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i (Cyrillic spelling и)

  1. and
    Ivica i Marica se vole ― Ivica and Marica love each other.
    i tako dalje ― and so on
  2. (i… i…) both… and…
    ne možeš istovremeno i tužiti i suditi. ― you can't simultaneously both sue and judge
  3. also, too, as well
    i meni se sviđa vaš odabir ― I like your choice too
  4. even (usually preceded by čȁk)
    (čak) i ja sam pozvan na zabavu! ― even I have been invited to the party
  5. (ne sȁmo… nȅgo/vȅć i…) also, too
    on je ne samo darovit, nego i jako marljiv ― he is not only talented, but also very industrious
  6. so, so that (= te, pa)
    umorio sam se i nisam mogao više igrati košarku ― I grew tired, so I couldn't play basketball anymore

Sicilian

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Etymology 1

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From Latin ī (the name of the letter I).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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i f

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.; i
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From the lenition of li, from the conflation of the apheresis of Latin illī and illae, both nominative plurals of ille.

Pronunciation

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Article

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i m pl or f pl

  1. (masculine and feminine plural definite article) the
    Synonym: li
Usage notes
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  • As for other Romance languages, such as Neapolitan or Portuguese, Sicilian definite articles have undergone a consonant lenition that has led to the phonetic fall of the initial l. The use of this illiquid variant has not yet made the use of liquid variants disappear, but today it is still the prevalent use in speech and writing.
  • In the case of the production of literary texts, such as singing or poetry, or of formal and institutional texts, resorting to "liquid articles" and "liquid articulated prepositions" confers greater euphony to the text, although it may sound a form of courtly recovery.
  • Illiquid definite articles can be phonetically absorbed by the following noun. I.e: l'arancini (liquid) and ârancini (illiquid).
Inflection
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Sicilian articles
Masculine singular definite article Feminine singular definite article Masculine and feminine plural definite article
Definite articles (liquid) lu la li
Definite articles (illiquid) u a i
Definite articles nu
(also: un, 'n) 		na

Etymology 3

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From the lenition of li, from the conflation of the apheresis of Latin illī and illae, both nominative plurals of ille.

Alternative forms

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  • li (liquid form)

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i m pl or f pl

  1. (accusative) them
    Synonym: li
    I canusci? ― Do you know them?
  2. (accusative) it, this or that thing
    Synonym: li
    Quannu tî desi. ― When I gave them to you.
Usage notes
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  • This pronoun can blend in contracted forms with other particles, especially other personal pronominal particles.
Inflection
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Sicilian pronominal particles
Masculine singular pronominal particles Feminine singular pronominal particles Masculine and feminine plural pronominal particles
mi mû mâ mî
ti tû tâ tî
ci ci u ci a cî
ni nû nâ nî
vi vû vâ vî
ci ci u ci a cî

Silesian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈi/
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: i

Etymology 1

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The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and i for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case i)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Old Polish i.

Conjunction

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i

  1. coordinating conjunction; and
    Synonym: a

Further reading

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  • i in silling.org

Silimo

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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Sirionó

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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Skolt Sami

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The sixteenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Slovak

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *i.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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i

  1. and
  2. as well as

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • chapter I, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

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Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Etymology 1

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From Gaj's Latin alphabet i, from Czech alphabet i, from Latin i, lower case variation of I from the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i, “i”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, “iota”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, “yod”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.

Pronunciation

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(phoneme) Pronunciation of i

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): /ˈíː/, /ˈìː/, /ˈî/, /i/, [ˈɪ́ː], [ˈɪ̀ː], [ˈɪ̂], [ˈîː], [ˈǐː], [ˈɪ̂ː], [ˈɪ̌ː], SNPT: /ī/, /ȉ/, /i/
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): /ˈiː/, /ˈi/, /i/, [ˈɪː], [ˈɪ], SNPT: /í/, /ì/, /i/

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(letter name) Pronunciation of i (ī)
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈîː], [ˈǐː], SNPT: [ī]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈiː], SNPT: [í],
Audio:(file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

• Rhymes: -iː ([-í]) (non-tonal)
• Hyphenation: i
• Homophones: I, i (tonal and non-tonal)
• Homophone: i (without length distinctions)


Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The tenth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. The fifteenth letter of the Slovene alphabet (Resian), written in the Latin script.
  3. The eleventh letter of the Slovene alphabet (Natisone Valley dialect), written in the Latin script.

Symbol

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i

  1. (SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [i].

Noun

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ī m inan

  1. The name of the Latin script letter I / i.
  2. (linguistics) The name of the phoneme /i/.
Inflection
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  • Overall more common
First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent, -j- infix
nom. sing. i
gen. sing. i-ja
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		i i-ja i-ji
genitive
rodȋlnik 		i-ja i-jev i-jev
dative
dajȃlnik 		i-ju, i-ji i-jema i-jem
accusative
tožȋlnik 		i i-ja i-je
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		i-ju, i-ji i-jih i-jih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		i-jem i-jema i-ji
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		i i-ja i-ji
  • More common when with a definite adjective
Third masculine declension (no endings) , fixed accent
nom. sing. i
gen. sing. i
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		i i i
genitive
rodȋlnik 		i i i
dative
dajȃlnik 		i i i
accusative
tožȋlnik 		i i i
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		i i i
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		i i i
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		i i i
  • Dialectal, in common written language used till 19th century
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , -j- infix
nom. sing. i
gen. sing. i-ja
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		i i-ja i-ji
genitive
rodȋlnik 		i-ja i-jov i-jov
dative
dajȃlnik 		i-ju, i-ji i-joma i-jom
accusative
tožȋlnik 		i i-ja i-je
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		i-ju, i-ji i-jih i-jih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		i-jom i-joma i-ji
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		i i-ja i-ji

Derived terms

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Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Pronunciation of í (ȋ)
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈîː], SNPT: [ȋ]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈiː], SNPT: [í],
Audio:(file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

• Rhymes: -iː ([-í]) (non-tonal)
• Hyphenation: i
• Homophones: i, I (tonal and non-tonal)
• Homophone: i (without length distinctions)


Interjection

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i

  1. used to denote happiness after correct assumption
    Synonyms: a, aha, e, oho, olala
    I, pa si le lagal.
    Ha, you were lying after all.

Etymology 3

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Pronunciation of ì (ȉ)

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈî], SNPT: [ȉ]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈi], SNPT: [ì]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

• Rhymes: -i ([-ì]) (non-tonal)
• Hyphenation: i
• Homophone: i (tonal and non-tonal)
• Homophones: i, I (without length distinctions)


Interjection

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i

  1. (archaic) used to denote unhappiness or unpleasant surprise
    Synonyms: ah, uh
  2. (archaic) used to denote that speaker is indifferent to the topic
    Synonyms: eh, e, o
    I ja, saj ti verjamem.
    Whatever, I believe you.

Etymology 4

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Derived from Proto-Slavic *i (“and”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *éy, an early locative singular determiner, formed from the root *h₁e-, *h₁o-. Cognates with Serbo-Croatian i, Macedonian и (i), Bulgarian и (i), Old Church Slavonic и (i), Czech i, Polish i, Kashubian ë, Slovak i, Belarusian і (i), Belarusian й (j), Carpathian Rusyn й (j), Ukrainian і (i), Ukrainian й (j), and Russian и (i).

Pronunciation

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Pronunciation of i, ì (ȉ)

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [i], [ˈî], SNPT: [i], [ȉ]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [i], [ˈi], SNPT: [i], [ì]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

• Rhymes: -i ([-ì]) (non-tonal)
• Hyphenation: i
• Homophone: i (tonal and non-tonal)
• Homophones: i, I (without length distinctions)


Conjunction

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i

  1. (obsolete) and
    Synonyms: in, ino, no, ter, pa
Usage notes
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Use of i as a conjunction in Slovene is obsolete and not well-known, so most nowadays speakers usually relate it with other Slavic languages rather than with old Slovene. Nowadays, its derivative, in is used, which is etymologically speaking a stressed variant, but has since lost the initial difference.

As opposed to in, i can be pronounced as stressed or unstressed form in all contexts (but if taken out of context, only the stressed version is allowed) whereas in is stressed only if taken out of context.

Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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(usually) Pronunciation of i

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [i], SNPT: [i]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [i], SNPT: [i]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(out of context) Pronunciation of í (ȋ)
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈîː], SNPT: [ȋ]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈiː], SNPT: [í],
Audio:(file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

• Rhymes: -iː ([-í]) (non-tonal)
• Hyphenation: i
• Homophones: i, I (tonal and non-tonal)
• Homophone: i (without length distinctions)


Particle

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i

  1. (obsolete) also
    Synonyms: tudi, prav tako, ravno tako, isto, istotako, še, vključno

Further reading

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“i”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Directly from Latin.

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    Synonym: i latina

Noun

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i f (plural íes)

  1. name of the letter I

Derived terms

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Etymology 2

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See y.

Conjunction

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i

  1. Obsolete spelling of y.

Sranan Tongo

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Pronoun

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i

  1. Pronunciation spelling of yu.

Sumerian

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Romanization

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i

  1. Romanization of 𒄿
  2. Romanization of 𒉌

Swabian

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. I

Coordinate terms

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Swabian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m f n
nominative i du
d 		är
ǒ
r 		sui
se 		s
äs 		mir
mǒr 		ir
ǒr 		sia
se
dative mir
mǒr 		dir
dǒr 		eem
ǎm 		ira
ǒra 		s aos uich eene
ăna
accusative me
mi 		de
di 		een
ěn 		sui
se 		s aos uich sia
se

Swabian does not have the genitive case.   

Swedish

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Etymology 1

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From Old Swedish ī, from Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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i (verb particle)

  1. used to signify that an action is done with intensity
Derived terms
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Preposition

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i

  1. in; located inside
  2. in; specifies a place, a region or a country
    Kim bor i Stockholm, som ligger i Sverige.
    Kim lives in Stockholm which lies in Sweden.
  3. (about time) to; before a full hour or, if used in the phrase "fem i halv", a half-hour
    Antonym: (past) över
    Middag serveras mellan sex och kvart i åtta varje kväll.
    Dinner is served between six and quarter to eight every evening.
  4. (about time) for; duration
    Jag sover i flera timmar.
    I sleep for several hours.
  5. (in various constructions) last, previous
    i måndags
    last Monday
    i julas
    last Christmas
Usage notes
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In definition 5, (last, previous) the following noun gets a suffix -s (weekdays: i måndags) or -as (seasons: i höstas, certain holidays, e.g. jul, midsommar, påsk, pingst). Other holidays instead use förra, senaste, sista, e.g. förra nyåret.

Derived terms
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See also
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Etymology 2

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from Proto-Germanic *ek.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. (pitemål) I

References

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Tagalog

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Spanish i. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English i.
  • Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜁ (i).
  • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish i.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key): /ˈʔaj/ [ˈʔaɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • IPA(key): /ˈʔi/ [ˈʔi] (letter name, Abakada alphabet, Abecedario)
      • Rhymes: -i
    • IPA(key): /ˈi/ [ˈi] (phoneme, stressed)
      • Rhymes: -i
    • IPA(key): /i/ [ɪ] (phoneme, unstressed)
      • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: i

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌ᜔)

  1. The ninth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called ay and written in the Latin script.

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I, Baybayin spelling ᜁ)

  1. The eighth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called i and written in the Latin script.
  2. (historical) The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called i and written in the Latin script.
See also
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Noun

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i (Baybayin spelling ᜁ)

  1. the name of the Latin-script letter I/i, in the Abakada alphabet
    Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) ay
  2. (historical) the name of the Latin-script letter I/i, in the Abecedario
    Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) ay
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from English ee, the English name of the letter E/e.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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i (Baybayin spelling ᜁ)

  1. the name of the Latin-script letter E/e, in the Filipino alphabet
    Synonym: (in the Abakada alphabet and Abecedario) e
See also
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Further reading

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  • chapter I, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Tahitian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *i.

Preposition

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i

  1. at
  2. in

Talysh

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Etymology

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Cognate with Persian یک (yek).

Numeral

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i

  1. one

Tarifit

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Preposition

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i (Tifinagh spelling ⵉ)

  1. to
    yewc-it i weɣyuř-nnes
    He gave it to his donkey.
  2. for

Tlingit

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. your (second-person singular possessive pronoun)

Tok Pisin

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This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. This language is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Etymology

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Probably from English is

Particle

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i

  1. Separates the subject of a sentence from the predicate, used when the subject is a pronoun, or a noun

Tokelauan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *i. Cognates include Hawaiian i and Samoan i.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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i

  1. in, on, at
    • 1948, Tūlāfono fakavae a Tokelau [Constitution of Tokelau]‎[12], page 1:
      Ko te fakavae tenei e matea i nā nuku ma kafai ona tagata e faifaimea fakatahi, ma nonofo fakatahi i te filemu ma te fiafia.
      This foundation is recognised in the villages and if their people repetedly do things together, and they live together in peace and happiness.
  2. on, during
  3. with, by, using
  4. because of

References

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  • R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎[13], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 26

Tongan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *i.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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i

  1. in

Tupinambá

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Pronoun

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i

  1. He, she, it, they (with descriptive verbs)
    i porang ― he/she/it is / they are beautiful
  2. Him, her, it, them (with transitive verbs)
    a-i-kuab ― i know him/her/it/them
  3. His, her, its, their (with nouns)
    i py ― his/her/its/their foot/feet
  4. Him, her, it, them (before postpositions)
    i xupé ― to him/her/it/them

Turkish

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case İ)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Noun

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i

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter İ/i.

See also

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Turkmen

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /i/, /iː/

Letter

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i (upper case I)

  1. The tenth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Vietnamese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French i or Portuguese i.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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i

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

Synonyms

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Volapük

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Adverb

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i

  1. also, too, as well
    • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:
      Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.
      Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.
    • 1937, “‚Johann Martin Schleyer’”, in Volapükagased pro Nedänapükans, page 34:
      Äbejäfom i poedavi, ed äpübom dü lunüp timapenädi: ‚Sionsharfe’.
      He also practiced poetry, and for a long time, he published the magazine "Sionsharfe".

Votic

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian и (i).

Pronunciation

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  • (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈi/, [ˈi]
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Hyphenation: i

Conjunction

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i

  1. and
    Synonym: ja

Particle

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i

  1. also, as well, too

See also

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References

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  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Walloon

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Vulgar Latin *illī, from Classical Latin ille.

Pronoun

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i

  1. he
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Etymology 2

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From Vulgar Latin illos, used in place of the missing third-person pronoun, from Latin illos, accusative plural of ille.

Pronoun

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i

  1. they
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Wano

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Alternative forms

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  • (with grave accent to indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel): ì
  • (with acute accent to indicate unusually stressed short vowel): í
  • (with circumflex to indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel): î
  • (with diaeresis to indicate disyllabicity): ï

Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by h and followed by l.
Mutation
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  • i cannot mutate but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word iwrch (“roe deer”):
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
iwrch unchanged unchanged hiwrch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
Derived terms
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  • Digraph sequences: iw
See also
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Noun

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i f (plural ïau)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.
Mutation
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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
i unchanged unchanged hi
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Brythonic *mi, from Proto-Celtic *mī.

Pronoun

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i

  1. I, me
See also
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  • fi (“I, me”)
  • mi (“I, me”)

Etymology 3

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From Middle Welsh y, from Old Welsh di (pronounced /ði/), from Proto-Celtic *dū, related to Breton da (“to, for”), Cornish dhe (“to, for”), Irish do (“to, for”).

Preposition

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i (triggers soft mutation)

  1. to, into (a place)
    Aethon nhw iʼr ysbyty.
    They went to the hospital.
  2. for (a recipient)
    Mae’r jem i Siân.
    The jewel is for Siân.
    Dw i’n prynu teiar newydd i’n car.
    I'm buying a new tyre for our car.
  3. that
    Maen nhw’n dweud iddi hi yfed gormod o gwrw.
    They say that she drank too much beer.
Usage notes
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  • I is often used to indicate direction "to" a place or "(in order) to" do an action in contrast to at, which indicates direction "to" a person.
    • Rwy'n mynd i'r feddygfa. ― I'm going to the surgery.
    • Rwy'n mynd i weld y meddyg. ― I'm going to see the surgery.
    • Rwy'n mynd at y meddyg. ― I'm going to the doctor.
See o for a similar distinction for "from".
  • The literary language distinguishes between unemphatic personal forms and personal forms with emphasis on the pronoun.
    • Rhaid inni fynd. ― We must go. (no particular emphasis)
    • Rhaid i ni fynd. ― We must go. (emphasis on we)
In less formal language, this distinction is not made in writing.
  • Rhaid i ni fynd. ― We must go. (no particular emphasis)
  • Used as a preterite tense form of ‘that’. The subject moves to the front of the subordinate clause, directly following i, and the verb changes back to its verbal noun form.

Inflection

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Personal forms (literary)
Singular Plural
First person im, imi inni, i ni
Second person it, iti iwch, ichwi
Third person iddo, iddo ef m
iddi, iddi hi f 		iddynt, iddynt hwy
Personal forms (colloquial)
Singular Plural
First person i mi/fi i ni
Second person i ti i chi
Third person iddo fe/fo m
iddi hi f 		iddyn nhw
Derived terms
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See also
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West Makian

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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i

  1. (intransitive) to go
    nii i nopoli ― please go and buy
  2. (intransitive) to leave
Conjugation
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Conjugation of i (action verb)
singular plural
inclusive exclusive
1st person tii mii ai
2nd person nii fii
3rd person inanimate ii dii
animate
imperative nii, i fii, i

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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i

  1. still
    te ne isasafo i ― this tea is still hot

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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i

  1. makes a request or command more polite, please
    nii i nopoli ― please go and buy
    nifi sesine i ― please come up here

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[14], Pacific linguistics

White Lachi

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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  • Weera Ostapirat, Proto-Kra, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 23(1) (2000) (as ʔi) (see ASJP)
  1. ^ Tai-Kadai 100-wordlists, compiled by Ilya Peiros
  2. ^ Jerold A. Edmondson, kenneth J. Gregerson, Outlying Kam-Tai, in Mon-Khmer Studies 27
  3. ^ ABVD, citing Li Yunbing [李云兵], A Study of Lachi [拉基语硏究 / Laji yu yan jiu] (Beijing: 中央民族大学出版社 / Zhong yang min zu da xue chu ban she, 2000)
  4. ^ ABVD, citing Ryuichi Kosaka [小坂, 隆一], A descriptive study of the Lachi language: syntactic description, historical reconstruction and genetic relation (2000, PhD dissertation, Tokyo: Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)

Yola

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Preposition

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i [1]

  1. Alternative form of ing (“in”)
    • 1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, lines 15[2]:
      Maa bee haghed i more caar an angish than Ich."
      May be upset in more care and hardship than I."
    • 1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, lines 11[2]:
      Or i a vaarin gees a shaar,
      Or of the fairing give us a share,

References

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  1. ^ Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 47
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

Yoruba

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The tenth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called í and written in the Latin script.

Noun

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í

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

See also

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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í

  1. Used to express the progressive tense in negative constructions.

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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i

  1. him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a high-tone /i/)

Pronoun

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í

  1. him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a low- or mid-tone /i/)

See also

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Affirmative subject pronouns
singular plural or honorific
1st person mo a
2nd person o ẹ
3rd person ó wọ́n
Negative subject pronouns
singular plural or honorific
1st person mi / n a
2nd person o ẹ
3rd person [pronoun dropped] wọn
Object pronouns
singular plural or honorific
1st person mi wa
2nd person ọ / ẹ yín
3rd person [preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs] / ẹ̀ wọn
Note: except for yín, object pronouns have a high tone following a low or mid tone monosyllabic verb, and a mid tone following a high tone. For complex verbs, the tone does not change.
Emphatic pronouns
singular plural or honorific
1st person èmi àwa
2nd person ìwọ ẹ̀yin
3rd person òun àwọn

Yuqui

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Noun

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i

  1. water

References

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  • Perry N. Priest, A contribution to comparative studies in the Guaraní linguistic family, Language Sciences 9(1): 17-20, page 18 (1987)
  • L. Villafañe, Gramática Yuki. Lengua Tupí-Guaraní de Bolivia (Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ediciones del Rectorado, 2004), page 302

Zia

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Etymology

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From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *inda.

Noun

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i

  1. tree

Zou

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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i

  1. yes

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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ì

  1. no

References

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  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 62

Zulu

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Letter

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i (lower case, upper case I)

  1. The ninth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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