Wiktionary

a

See also: A, ᴀ, and Appendix:Variations of "a"

a U+0061, a
LATIN SMALL LETTER A
← `
[U+0060] 		Basic Latin b →
[U+0062]
ᵃ U+1D43, ᵃ
MODIFIER LETTER SMALL A
← ᵂ
[U+1D42] 		Phonetic Extensions ᵄ →
[U+1D44]
ａ U+FF41, ａ
FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER A
← ｀
[U+FF40] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｂ →
[U+FF42]
Languages (171)
Translingual • English
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Page categories

Translingual edit

Etymology 1 edit

  Modification of capital A.

Pronunciation edit

  • (letter, most languages) IPA(key): /ɑː/, /a/
  • IPA:(file)

Letter edit

a (upper case A)

  1. The first letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
    (superscript) See ª.

Symbol edit

a

  1. (IPA, phonetics) an open front or central unrounded vowel.
  2. (IPA, superscript ⟨ᵃ⟩) [a]-coloring or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [a].
  3. (international standards) transliterates Indic अ (or equivalent).

ậ/A====See also====

Further reading edit

Etymology 2 edit

Abbreviation of atto-, from Danish atten (“eighteen”).

Symbol edit

a

  1. atto-, prefix for 10-18 in the International System of Units.

Etymology 3 edit

From Latin annum or annus.

Symbol edit

a

  1. Year as a unit of time, specifically a Julian year or 365.25 days.

Etymology 4 edit

Abbreviation of are, from French are.

Symbol edit

a

  1. An are, a unit of area one hundredth of a hectare; ares.

Etymology 5 edit

Abbreviation of English acceleration.

Symbol edit

a

  1. (physics) acceleration

Etymology 6 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from annuity?”)

Symbol edit

a

  1. (actuarial notation) Annuity; (specifically) annuity-immediate.
    ax:n̅| ― n-year annuity-immediate to a person currently age x
    ax ― life annuity-immediate to a person currently age x
The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): 
Character=A1
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

Other representations of A:

Gallery edit

  • Letter styles
  •  
    Uppercase and lowercase versions of A, in normal and italic type
  •  
    Uppercase and lowercase A in Fraktur
  •  
    Approximate form of Greek uppercase Α (a, “alpha”), the source of both common variants of a A in uncial script

English edit

Etymology 1 edit

The letter name is from Middle English, from Old French, ultimately from Latin ā. Use of the Latin letter in (Old) English displaced the futhorc letter ᚪ (a) beginning in the 7th century, and partially also ᚫ (æ).

Pronunciation edit

  • (letter name)
    The current pronunciation resulted from the Great Vowel Shift. Before the early part of the 17th century, the pronunciation was similar to that in other languages.
  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /æ/, /ɑː/, /eɪ/, /ə/, etc.

Letter edit

a (lowercase, uppercase A, plural as or a's)

  1. The first letter of the English alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Usage notes edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit

Numeral edit

a (lower case, upper case A)

  1. The ordinal number first, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.

Noun edit

a (plural a's or (rare) aes)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter A / a.
    • 1816, William Young Ottley, An Inquiry Into the Origin and Early History of Engraving […], volume II, London: […] John and Arthur Arch, […] by J. M'Creery, page 621:
      This piece somewhat resembles an a. On the left is a man seated on the ground, with a dog between his legs, and a large bird of prey in his hands, which appears to be biting his head.
    • 1842, Alfred Tennyson, “The Epic”, in Poems. […], volume II, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 2:
      But with some prelude of disparagement, / Read, mouthing out his hollow oes and aes, / Deep-chested music, and to this result.
    • [1906, Leigh H[adley] Irvine, “Abbreviations in General”, in The Magazine Style Code: A Manual For The Guidance Of Authors, Reporters And All Who Write, San Francisco, C.A.: Crown Publishing Company, pages 15–16:
      Letters should be spelled as follows; aes, bees, cees, dees, ees, efs, gees, aitches, ies, jays, kays, els, ems, ens, oes, pees, ques, ars, esses, tees, ues, vees, ws or dubleyuz, exes, wyes, zees.]
    • 1917, John Wesley Young, Frank Millett Morgan, Elementary Mathematical Analysis, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, page 487:
      This expression is zero, for we have replaced the column of a's by the column of b's and hence the determinant has two columns identical.
    • 1974, Ervin A. Dennis, John D. Jenkins, “A Font of Type”, in Comprehensive Graphic Arts, Indianapolis, I.N.: Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc., →ISBN, page 26, column 2:
      Note that with 18-point type, fifteen capital A's, twenty-five lowercase a's, and twelve 1's are obtained with one font. With this information, it is possible to refer to Table 10-1 which gives the number of characters for each letter, punctuation mark, or figure.
    • 1993, Frank Pagden, “Teaching”, in The Gospel According to St. Lynas, Tunbridge Wells: Mitre, →ISBN, unnumbered page:
      St Lynas was chatting with a group of rebellious young college students one day, who decried the moral standards of the past. ¶ So St Lynas drew an 'a' on some paper, and asked them what it was. ¶ 'A' they said.
    • 2013, Margaret McPhee, Mistress to the Marquis, Toronto, Ont.: Harlequin Historical, →ISBN, page 249:
      Across every sheet of paper were lines and lines of letters of the alphabet. A row of a's followed by a row of b's and so on, pages of them, like pages from a copy book, crudely formed as if from the hand of a young child.
    • 2014 February 23, Rivka Galchen, “What’s Become of the So-Called Literary Bad Boy?”, in The New York Times‎[3], New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-16:
      In the seventh grade I admired a charismatic, witty girl who had a particular way of writing her lowercase a's. After some practice, I took to writing my lowercase a's in the same fashion.
    • 2023, Amanda Stevens, Secret of Shutter Lake, Toronto, Ont.: Harlequin Intrigue, →ISBN, page 237:
      Compare Lydia's signature on some of the work orders with the warning notes. The loop through the lowercase a is similar. See what I mean?
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
See a/translations § Noun.
See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

    Etymology tree

    Proto-Indo-European *éy

    ?

    Proto-Indo-European *-nós

    ?

    Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos


    Proto-Germanic *ainaz


    Proto-West Germanic *ain


    Old English ān


    Middle English an


    Middle English a


    English a

    From Middle English a, an, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”). More at one. The "n" was gradually lost before consonants in almost all dialects by the 15th century. Cognate with Alemannic German a (“a, an”), East Franconian a (“a, an”).

    Pronunciation edit

    Article edit

    a

    1. An unspecified example of (something); the indefinite article. [from before 1150][1]
      There was a man here looking for you yesterday.
      • 1835, [Washington Irving], chapter XX, in A Tour on the Prairies (The Crayon Miscellany; no. 1), Philadelphia, Pa.: [Henry Charles] Carey, [Isaac] Lea, & Blanchard, →OCLC, page 151:
        He had another formidable difficulty in getting him across the river, where both horses stuck for a time in the mire, and Beatte was nearly unseated from his saddle by the force of the current and the struggles of his captive.
      • 1859 December 13, Charles Dickens, “The Mortals in the House”, in Charles Dickens, editor, The Haunted House. The Extra Christmas Number of All the Year Round […], volume II, London: […] C. Whiting, […], →OCLC, page 6, column 1:
        The young man thanked me, and took his leave with some little precipitation, after declining a glass of liquor.
      • 1868 January 4 – June 6, [William] Wilkie Collins, “(please specify the page) [Fourth Narrative. Extracted from the Journal of Ezra Jennings.]”, in The Moonstone. A Romance. […], volume III, London: Tinsley Brothers, […], published 1868, →OCLC, page 185:
        Speaking as a servant, I am deeply indebted to you. Speaking as a man, I consider you to be a person whose head is full of maggots, and I take up my testimony against your experiment as a delusion and a snare.
      • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page vii:
        With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get […]
      • 2005, Emily Kingsley (lyricist), Kevin Clash (voice actor), “A Cookie is a Sometime Food”, Sesame Street, season 36, Sesame Workshop:
        Hoots the Owl: Yes a, fruit, is a [sic], any, time, food!
      • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
        Anna, do you have a pen? — Yes. I have a pen in my bag. I have a (stressed) …
        Audio (US):(file)
      • 2023 March 9, Moya Lothian-Mclean, “A nose ring, a bicycle, a Radiohead album: I’m becoming a total cliche – and I quite like it”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian‎[4], London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-11:
        In retrospect, I realise, I had been unconsciously devoting a large amount of energy to negative choice, a concept I'm borrowing and adapting from sociologist Eva Illouz's 2019 treatise, The End of Love (by way of a viral Paris Review essay).
      • 2024 May 21, Sarah Larson, “When the C.I.A. Turned Writers Into Operatives”, in The New Yorker‎[5], New York, N.Y.: Condé Nast Publications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-21:
        The C.I.A. infiltrated not just magazines, radio, and movies but youth organizations and movements like Abstract Expressionism; all were meant to inspire a reverence for democracy and freedom, a project that, in Walker's telling, often tips into absurdity.
    2. One; used before score, dozen, hundred, thousand, million, etc.
      I've seen it happen a hundred times.
      • 1945, Peter Cheyney, Sinister Errand, London: Collins, published 1952, page 8:
        Everybody drinks a lot in wartime, but it seemed to me that I must have drunk enough to float a couple of battleships.
      • 1999, Sara Hylton, Separate Lives, London: Piatkus, →ISBN, page 93:
        You've seen it a dozen times already.
      • 2024 February 27, “The economics of skiing in America”, in The Economist‎[6], London: The Economist Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 8 May 2024:
        By the time he gets onto a chair, the pristine powder snow below the lift has already been chopped up by a hundred tracks, and the line to get back up stretches the length of a football field.
    3. Used in some phrases denoting quantity, such as a few, a good many, a couple, a little, a bit, etc.
      He's a bit thick, isn't he?
      They asked me a few questions.
      • 1869, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, “My Lord and Lady”, in Little Women: […], part second, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC, page 315:
        But I was going to say, that while I was dawdling about abroad, I saw a good many talented young fellows making all sorts of sacrifices, and enduring real hardships, that they might realize their dreams. Splendid fellows, some of them, working like heroes, poor and friendless, but so full of courage, patience and ambition, that I was ashamed of myself, and longed to give them a right good lift.
      • 1989, Robert T. Michael, Heidi I[rmgard] Hartmann, Brigid O'Farrell, editors, Pay Equity: Empirical Inquiries, Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, →ISBN, page 3, column 2:
        The main influence here is job tenure—the men had been at their specific jobs a good while longer than the women.
      • 2024 February 13, René M. van Westen, Henk A. Dijkstra, Michael Kliphuis, “If the Atlantic Ocean Loses Circulation, What Happens Next?”, in Scientific American‎[7], New York, N.Y.: Springer Nature America, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 13 February 2024:
        Twenty years after the movie's release, we know a lot more about the Atlantic Ocean's circulation. Instruments deployed in the ocean starting in 2004 show that the Atlantic Ocean circulation has observably slowed over the past two decades, possibly to its weakest state in almost a millennium.
      1. Used before a numeral.
        There are a few hundred orders that need to be fulfilled by tomorrow.
        • 1934, Alan Villiers, Whalers of the Midnight Sun: […], New York, N.Y., London: Charles Scribner's Sons, page 154:
          The blues were eating leisurely, swimming about and opening their great mouths, spouting and filling their enormous stomachs with intense satisfaction. They had no idea of danger. There must have been about fifteen of them, peacefully feeding. One of them, its belly gorged probably with a few trillion plankton, seemed to be lying asleep on the surface.
        • 2020 July 31, Brian Friedberg, “The Dark Virality of a Hollywood Blood-Harvesting Conspiracy”, in Wired‎[8], San Francisco, C.A.: Condé Nast Publications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-15:
          The impact of hidden virality can't be stopped by retroactively banning a few thousand Twitter accounts; it is an iterative, memetic phenomenon that outpaces terms of service.
        • 2023, Don Winslow, City of Dreams, London: HarperCollins Publishers, →ISBN, page 332:
          That was on the first day's walk. It took him until day three, after a good ten miles, to ask her out.
    4. Used in some adverbial phrases denoting the degree or extent of an action, such as a little, a bit, a lot, etc.
      The door was opened a little.
      • 1978, Deane H. Shapiro, Jr., Precision Nirvana, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc., →ISBN, page 104:
        If, for example, you ask a child what he likes to do, he may say he doesn't know. However, if you watch him during free time, and note that he plays basketball a lot, you may infer that this is a high-probability behavior, and he finds it reinforcing.
      • 2009, James H. S. McGregor, Paris From the Ground Up, Cambridge, M.A., London: Belknap Press, →ISBN, page 163:
        The bridge was shifted a bit to the east and rebuilt, this time with the shops of money-changers along both sides.
      • 2023 January 13, Dana G. Smith, “Even a Little Alcohol Can Harm Your Health, Research Shows”, in The New York Times‎[9], New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-05-10:
        You don't need to go cold turkey to help your health. Even reducing a little bit can be beneficial, especially if you currently drink over the recommended limits.
    5. The same; one and the same. Used in phrases such as of a kind, birds of a feather, etc.
      We are of a mind on matters of morals.
      They're two of a kind.
    6. Any; every; used before a noun which has become modified to limit its scope.[2]
      A man who dies intestate leaves his children troubles and difficulties.
    7. Any; used with a negative to indicate not a single one.[3]
      It was so dark that we couldn't see a thing.
      He fell all that way, and hasn't a bump on his head?
      • 2001, Stephen Lawhead, The Mystic Rose Book (Celtic Crusades; III), London,  […]: BCA, page 180:
        No, it is impossible. My conscience would give me not a moment's peace if I let you go. I would never forgive myself.
      • 2014, Sherry D. Ficklin, Queen of Someday: A Stolen Empire Novel, [Colony, T.X.]: Clean Teen Publishing, →ISBN, page 116:
        When had my own feelings become so muddled and complicated? Before I take a single step, he catches my arm, turning me to him.
      • 2016, Daphna Rabinovitch, “Fudge Truffle Tart”, in The Baker in Me, Vancouver, B.C.: Whitecap Books, →ISBN, page 204:
        My friend Cindy's husband, Michael Zahavi, a true chocoholic if there ever was one, adores this tart. In fact, when I visited their cottage up in Muskoka, Ontario one summer and brought this along as a treat, he got up in the middle of the night to nosh away at it, leaving us sleepyheads with nary a crumb the next day.
    8. Used before an adjective that modifies a noun (singular or plural) delimited by a numeral.
      The lottery jackpot is worth a staggering three hundred million dollars.
      The holidays are a mere one week away.
    9. One; someone named; used before a person's name, suggesting that the speaker knows little about the person other than the name.[4]
      We've received an interesting letter from a Mrs. Miggins of London.
    10. Used before an adjective modifying a person's name, typically used to emphasize that person's current condition or emotional state.
      • 1963, Robert Hancock, Ruth Ellis: The Last Woman To Be Hanged, London: Orion, published 1993, →ISBN, page 35:
        At Waterloo she asked George for £5 and said that she would go home by tube, and a relieved George watched her descend the Underground steps.
      • 2016, David J. Bailey, The Storm, London: Austin Macauley Publishers Ltd., →ISBN, page 147:
        "There, I think that's done it," declared a triumphant John, "we just need to try it with the bar now, where is it?"
      • 2018, “Rwandan court drops all charges against opposition figure”, in Associated Press:
        "I will continue my campaign to fight for the rights of all Rwandans," a surprised but happy Rwigara told reporters after celebrating.
    11. Someone or something like; similar to; used before a proper noun to create an example out of it.[3]
      The center of the village was becoming a Times Square.
      The man is a regular Romeo.
      • 1987, Frederic V. Grunfeld, Rodin: A Biography, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, page 88:
        [Jules] Pécher actually sculpted a sort of Statue of Liberty for the centerpiece of the monument, but for the rest he thought it advisable to call in Van Rasbourgh, and Rodin thus became a ghost sculptor to a ghost sculptor.
      • 2009, Ed Macy, Hellfire, London: Harper Press, →ISBN, page 134:
        Billy fancied himself as a bit of a Han Solo, but he shook his head. 'Stop being a wuss.' He grinned. 'Your go.'
      • 2020, Laura Erickson, The Love Lives of Birds: Courting and Mating Rituals, North Adams, M.A.: Storey Publishing, →ISBN, page 81:
        For the first 5 or 6 days after the eggs hatch, the mother spends most of her time keeping the chicks warm while the father provides most of their meals. All that work may be what prompts the female to leave the family. They share feeding duties more equally during the next week or 10 days, until the young leave the nest. Producing a second batch is easier if she skips the last grueling week or two of provisioning fledglings. She can recharge her batteries by moseying off and, while on vacation, looking for a new Casanova.
    Usage notes edit
    Main appendix: English articles#Indefinite articles
    • In standard English, the article a is used before consonant sounds, while an is used before vowel sounds; for more, see the usage notes about an.
    Derived terms edit
    Translations edit
    See an/translations § Article.
    See also edit

    Etymology 3 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. To do with separation; In, into. [from before 1150][1]
      Torn a pieces.
    2. To do with time; Each, per, in, on, by. Often occurs between two nouns, where the first noun occurs at the end of a verbal phrase.[from before 1150][1]
      I brush my teeth twice a day.
    3. To do with status; In. [from before 1150][1]
    4. (archaic) To do with position or direction; In, on, at, by, towards, onto. [from before 1150][1]
      Stand a tiptoe.
    5. (archaic) To do with process, with a passive verb; In the course of, experiencing. [from before 1150][1]
    6. (archaic) To do with an action, an active verb; Engaged in. [16th c.][1]
    7. (archaic) To do with an action/movement; To, into. [16th c.][1]
    8. (obsolete) To do with method; In, with. [from before 1150][1]
    9. (obsolete) To do with role or capacity; In. [from before 1150][1]
      A God’s name.
    Usage notes edit
    • (position, direction): Can also be attached without a hyphen, as aback, ahorse, afoot. See a-
    • (separation): Can also be attached without hyphen, as asunder. See a-
    • (status): Can also be attached without hyphen, as afloat, awake. See a-.
    • (process): Can also be attached with or without hyphen, as a-changing
    See also edit

    Etymology 4 edit

    From Middle English a, ha contraction of have, or haven.

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Verb edit

    a

    2. (archaic or slang) Have. [between 1150 and 1350, continued in some use until 1650; used again after 1950]
      I'd a come, if you'd a asked.
      • 1884, Robert Holland, M.R.A.C., A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Chester, volume Part I--A to F., London: English Dialect Society, page 1:
        Oi'd a gen im a clout, if oi'd been theer.
      • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
        So would I a done by yonder ſunne
        ?And thou hadſt not come to my bed.
    Usage notes edit
    • Now often attached to preceding auxiliary verb. See -a.
    Derived terms edit

    Etymology 5 edit

    From Middle English a, a reduced form of he (“he”)/ha (“he”), heo (“she”)/ha (“she”), ha (“it”), and hie, hie (“they”).

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. (obsolete outside England and Scotland dialects) He, she, they: the third-person singular or plural nominative.[4]
      • 1855, Kingsley, W. Ho!, page 120 (edition of 1889):
        He've a got a great venture on hand, but what a [it] be he tell'th no man.
      • 1864, Tennyson, N. Farmer, Old Style, st. 2:
        Doctors, they knaws nowt, fur a [they] says what's nawways true.
      1. (obsolete outside England and Scotland dialects) He, the third-person singular nominative.
        • 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
          a’ brushes his hat o’ mornings.
        • 1795, Peter Pindar, The Royal Visit to Exeter, a Political Epistle: by John Ploughshare ... published by Peter Pindar, Esq, page 5:
          Well! in a come [in he came]—KING GEORGE to town, / With doust and zweat az netmeg brown, / The hosses all in smoke;
        • 1860, Kite, Sng. Sol., ii, 16:
          A do veed amang th' lilies.
        • 1864, Tennyson, N. Farmer, Old Style, st. 7, version of 1917, Raymond Macdonald Alden, Alfred Tennyson, how to Know Him, page 226:
          "The amoighty's a taakin' o' you to 'issén, my friend," a said, […]
      2. (obsolete outside England and Scotland dialects) She, the third-person singular nominative.
        • 1790, Grose, MS. add. (M.):
          A wanted me to go with her.
        • 1876, Bound, Prov.:
          Did a do it!
        • 1883, Hardy, Tover, page 124 (edition of 1895):
          A's getting wambling on her pins [shaky on her legs].

    Etymology 6 edit

    From Middle English of, with apocope of the final f and vowel reduction.

    Alternative forms edit

    • o', o (preposition)

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    2. (archaic or slang) Of.
      The name of John a Gaunt.
    Usage notes edit
    • Often attached without a hyphen to preceding word.

    Etymology 7 edit

    From Northern Middle English aw, alteration of all.

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Adverb edit

    a (not comparable)

    1. (chiefly Scotland) All. [from ca. 1350—1470]

    Adjective edit

    a (not comparable)

    1. (chiefly Scotland) All. [from ca. 1350—1470]

    Etymology 8 edit

    Symbols

    Symbol edit

    a

    1. Distance from leading edge to aerodynamic center.
    2. specific absorption coefficient
    3. specific rotation
    4. allele (recessive)

    Etymology 9 edit

    Adverb edit

    a

    1. (crosswords) across
      Do you have the answer for 23a?
    2. (chiefly US) Alternative spelling of a.m. (“ante meridiem”) or am

    Etymology 10 edit

    Particle edit

    a

    1. Alternative form of -a (“empty syllable added to songs, poetry, verse and other speech”)
      • 2001, Louis F. Newcomb, Car Salesman: A Legacy, iUniverse (→ISBN), page 91:
        “I show a you right a here I can fuck a you.” “Is she crazy?” I asked Wyman.

    Etymology 11 edit

    Borrowed from Russian а (a).

    Noun edit

    a

    1. The name of the Cyrillic script letter А / а.

    Translations edit

    See a/translations § Cyrillic.

    Etymology 12 edit

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. ah; er (sound of hesitation)
      • 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:
        "We will resume yesterday's discourse, young ladies," said he, "and you shall each read a page by turns; so that Miss a—Miss Short may have an opportunity of hearing you"; and the poor girls began to spell a long dismal sermon delivered at Bethesda Chapel, Liverpool, on behalf of the mission for the Chickasaw Indians.

    Etymology 13 edit

    Abbreviations.

    1. (stenoscript) a word-initial letter ⟨a⟩.
    2. (stenoscript) the long vowel /eɪ/ at the end of a word, or before a final consonant that is not /dʒ, v, z/. (Note: the final consonant is not written; [ɛə˞] counts as /eɪr/.)
      Thus the word a, plus its inflection an.
    3. (stenoscript) the word a.m.
    4. (stenoscript) the prefix ad-.

    Quotations edit

    Additional quotations for any terms on this page may be found at Citations:a.

    References edit

    1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 Brown, Lesley, (2003)
    2. ^ Gove, Philip Babcock, (1976)
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lindberg, Christine A. (2007)
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Oxford University Press, (2023)

    Further reading edit

    Abau edit

    Pronunciation edit

    IPA(key): /a/

    Noun edit

    a

    1. house

    Afar edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Determiner edit

    á

    1. this, these (masculine)

    Derived terms edit

    See also edit

    See Template:aa-demonstrative determiners.

    References edit

    • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “a”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
    • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[12], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

    Albanian edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. or
    2. there

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Proto-Albanian *(h)an, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en (“there”). Cognate with Latin an (“yes, perhaps”). Interrogative particle, usually used proclitically in simple sentences.

    Pronunciation edit

    Particle edit

    a

    1. probably, perhaps
    2. whether

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Standard Albanian Latin-script alphabet.

    See also edit

    References edit

    1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “a part. ('whether'), conj. ('or')”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 1
    2. ^ Mann, S. E. (1948) “a”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 1

    Further reading edit

    • “a”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[13] (in Albanian), 1980
    • “a”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006

    Ama edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    a

    1. tree

    Anguthimri edit

    Verb edit

    a

    1. (transitive, Mpakwithi) to pull

    References edit

    • Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 184

    Aragonese edit

    Etymology edit

    From Latin illa.

    Article edit

    a f sg

    1. the
      a luenga aragonesa ― the Aragonese language

    Asturian edit

    Etymology edit

    From Latin ad.

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. to, towards

    Derived terms edit

    Noun edit

    a f

    1. a (the name of the letter A, a)

    Azerbaijani edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Bambara edit

    Article edit

    a

    1. the (definite article).

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. ah (expression of surprise)
    2. eh (expression of reluctance)

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. they, them (plural)
    2. he, she, they (singular)

    Synonyms edit

    • (they): u

    Basque edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Basque alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Noun edit

    a (indeclinable)

    1. The name of the Latin-script letter A.

    See also edit

    Bavarian edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Cognate with German ein, eine, Yiddish אַ (a), אַן (an).

    Pronunciation edit

    Article edit

    a

    1. a
    See also edit
    Bavarian articles
    m n f pl
    stressed unstressed stressed unstressed stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
    definite nominative der, da — das, es, des 's de d' de d'
    accusative en, den 'n
    dative em, dem 'm em, dem 'm der, da —
    genitive1 des des der, da der, da
    indefinite nominative a — a — a —
    accusative an 'n
    dative am 'm am 'm a, ana 'na
    1) higher, formal register
    • oa (“one”, determiner)

    Etymology 2 edit

    Unstressed form of ea

    Pronunciation edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. he
    See also edit
    Bavarian personal pronouns
    nominative accusative dative
    stressed unstressed stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
    1st person singular i — mi — mia (mir) ma
    2nd person singular
    (informal)     		du — di — dia (dir) da
    2nd person singular
    (formal)     		Sie — Eahna — Eahna —
    3rd person singular m er a eahm 'n eahm 'n
    n es, des 's des 's
    f se, de 's se 's ihr —
    1st person plural mia (mir) ma uns — uns —
    2nd person plural eß, ihr — enk, eich — enk, eich —
    3rd person plural se 's eahna — eahna —

    Etymology 3 edit

    Cognate with German auch.

    Adverb edit

    a

    1. Alternative form of aa: also, too, as well

    Belizean Creole edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. of

    References edit

    • Crosbie, Paul, ed. (2007), Kriol-Inglish Dikshineri: English-Kriol Dictionary. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, p. 19.

    Big Nambas edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. in

    References edit

    Breton edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Proto-Brythonic *o, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó.

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a (triggers soft mutation)

    1. from (expresses origin)
      tud a Vrest ― people from Brest
    2. of (indicates an amount)
      un tamm brav a gig ― a nice piece of meat
    3. of (expresses a quality)
      ur plac’h a enor ― a girl of honour
    4. after certain adjectives or adverbs expressing quantity
      ur voutailh leun a sistr ― a bottle full of cider
    5. after ordinal numbers with a plural noun
      tri a vugale ― three children
    6. used in negative sentences with the grammatical object
      nʼem eus ket ken a vutun ― I donʼt have any more tobacco
    7. before the infinitive after certain verbs like paouez, mirout, diwall, c'hwitañ
      paouezet eo ar glav a gouezhañ ― it has stopped raining [lit. the rain has stopped falling]
    8. after substantivized adjectives used as nouns
      ur vrav a blacʼh ― a pretty girl
    9. combined with a personal pronoun
      gwelet em boa acʼhanout ― I saw you
      an den a gomzan anezhañ ― the man Iʼm talking about
    Inflection edit
      Personal forms of a  
    singular plural
    1 ac'hanon 1 ac'hanomp
    2 ac'hanout 2 ac'hanoc'h
    3 m anezhañ 3 anezho
    3 f anezhi
    imp. ac'hanor

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Particle edit

    a (triggers soft mutation)

    1. preverbal particle used when
      1. the subject precedes the verb
        ar mor a zo glas ― the sea is blue
      2. the object precedes the verb
        an den-se a glevan ― I hear that man

    Pronoun edit

    a (triggers soft mutation)

    1. (relative) that, which, who (used in 'direct' relative clauses, i.e. where the pronoun refers to the subject or the direct object of an inflected verb)
      an hini a garan ― the one whom I love

    Cameroon Pidgin edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. Alternative spelling of I (“1st person singular subject personal pronoun”)

    Catalan edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Catalan alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    Derived terms edit
    See also edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Latin ad.

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. in, at; indicating a particular time or place
      Sóc a Barcelona.
      I am in Barcelona.
    2. to; indicating movement towards a particular place
      Vaig a Barcelona.
      I'm going to Barcelona.
    3. to; indicating a target or indirect object
      Escric una carta a la meva àvia.
      I'm writing my grandmother a letter.
    4. per
    5. by
      dia a dia.
      day by day.
    Usage notes edit
    • When the preposition a is followed by a masculine definite article, el or els, it is contracted with it to the forms al and als respectively. If el would be elided to the form l’ because it is before a word beginning with a vowel, the elision to a l’ takes precedence over contracting to al.

    The same occurs with the salat article es, to form as except where es would be elided to s’.

    Derived terms edit

    Chayuco Mixtec edit

    Etymology edit

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. or

    References edit

    • Pensinger, Brenda J. (1974) Diccionario mixteco-español, español-mixteco (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 18)‎[14] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Educación Extraescolar en el Medio Indígena, pages 3, 110

    Chibcha edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    a

    1. open mouth
    2. smell, taste

    References edit

    • Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.

    Choctaw edit

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. yes

    Chuukese edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. he
    2. she
    3. it

    Adjective edit

    a

    1. he is
    2. she is
    3. it is

    Related terms edit

    Present and past tense Negative tense Future Negative future Distant future Negative determinate
    Singular First person ua use upwe usap upwap ute
    Second person ka, ke kose, kese kopwe, kepwe kosap, kesap kopwap, kepwap kote, kete
    Third person a ese epwe esap epwap ete
    Plural First person aua (exclusive)
    sia (inclusive)    		 ause (exclusive)
    sise (inclusive)    		 aupwe (exclusive)
    sipwe (inclusive)    		 ausap (exclusive)
    sisap (inclusive)    		 aupwap (exclusive)
    sipwap (inclusive)    		 aute (exclusive)
    site (inclusive)
    Second person oua ouse oupwe ousap oupwap oute
    Third person ra, re rese repwe resap repwap rete


    Cimbrian edit

    Alternative forms edit

    • an (Sette Comuni)

    Etymology edit

    From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain.

    Article edit

    a (oblique masculine an)

    1. (Luserna) a, an
      Maria iz a lavròunaren. ― Maria is a Lavaronese.

    References edit

    Coatepec Nahuatl edit

    Noun edit

    a

    1. water

    Cora edit

    Particle edit

    a

    1. outside
    2. out of view (from the speaker)
    3. entering a shallow domain; entering a domain in a shallow or restricted manner
      atyásuuna káasu hece
      The water is pouring into the (shallow) pan.

    Antonyms edit

    • u (“inside; within view”)

    References edit

    • Eugene Casad, Ronald Langacker (1985) “'Inside' and 'outside' in Cora grammar”, in International Journal of American Linguistics

    Cornish edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Onomatopoeic

    Pronunciation edit

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. ah

    Etymology 2 edit

    Compare Welsh a

    Pronunciation edit

    Particle edit

    a (triggers soft mutation)

    1. Inserted before the verb when a subject or direct object precedes the verb

    Etymology 3 edit

    From Proto-Brythonic *o, from Proto-Celtic *ɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó.

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a (triggers soft mutation)

    1. of (expressing separation, origin, composition/substance or a quality)
    2. of (between a preceding large number and a following plural noun to express quantity)
    3. from (indicating provenance)

    Inflection edit

      Standard Cornish
    Singular Plural
    First person ahanaf ahanan
    Second person ahanas ahanowgh
    Third person anodho (m)
    anedhy (f)    		 anodhans, anedha

    Corsican edit

    Etymology edit

    From the earlier la.

    Pronunciation edit

    Article edit

    a f (masculine u, masculine plural i, feminine plural e)

    1. the (feminine)

    Usage notes edit

    • Before a vowel, a turns into l'

    Pronoun edit

    a f

    1. her, it (direct object)

    Usage notes edit

    • Before a vowel, a turns into l'

    See also edit

    Corsican personal pronouns
    Nominative Dative Accusative Disjunctive
    Singular 1st person eiu mi mè
    2nd person tù ti tè
    3rd person m ellu li u, l' ellu
    3rd person f ella a, l' ella
    Plural 1st person noi ci noi
    2nd person voi vi voi
    3rd person m elli li i, l' elli
    3rd person f elle e, l' elle

    References edit

    • “a” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

    Czech edit

    Etymology edit

    Inherited from Old Czech a, from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō.

    Pronunciation edit

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. and

    Further reading edit

    • a in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
    • a in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

    Dakota edit

    Pronunciation edit

    IPA(key): /a/

    Letter edit

    a (uppercase A)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    See also edit

    Dalmatian edit

    Etymology edit

    From Latin ad.

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. to
    2. at

    Danish edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Danish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    See also edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    a n (singular definite a'et, plural indefinite a'er)

    1. The name of the letter A or a.
    Inflection edit
    Declension of a

    gender     		Singular Plural
    indefinite definite indefinite definite
    nominative a a'et a'er a'erne
    genitive a's a'ets a'ers a'ernes

    Etymology 3 edit

    Alternative forms edit

    • à (unofficial but common)

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. of, of...each, each containing
    2. at
    3. to, or

    Etymology 4 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Verb edit

    a

    1. imperative of ae

    Dutch edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    See also edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Middle Dutch â, from Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

    Alternative forms edit

    • aa (especially in names)
    • ie

    Noun edit

    a f (plural a's, diminutive aatje)

    2. (archaic) a stream or water
    Related terms edit

    Further reading edit

    Etymology 3 edit

    From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch *jū, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iu, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, a West Germanic variant of *izwiz. Doublet of u.

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. (Brabant) you
    Synonyms edit

    Egyptian edit

    Romanization edit

    a

    1. Manuel de Codage transliteration of ꜥ.

    Emilian edit

    Etymology edit

    From Latin ego (“I”).

    Pronunciation edit

    Pronoun edit

    a (personal, nominative case)

    1. I
    2. we
    3. you (plural)

    Alternative forms edit

    • Becomes aj- before a vowel (proclitic).
    • Becomes -ja when acting as an enclitic.

    Related terms edit

    Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)
    Number Person Gender Disjunctive
    (tonic)     		Nominative
    (subject)     		Accusative
    (direct complement)     		Dative
    (indirect complement)     		Reflexive
    (-self)     		Comitative
    (with)
    Singular First — mè a me mêg
    Second — tè et te têg
    Third Masculine ló al ge se sêg
    Feminine lê la
    Plural First Masculine nuēter a se nōsk
    Feminine nuētri
    Second Masculine vuēter a ve vōsk
    Feminine vuētri
    Third Masculine lôr i ge se sêg
    Feminine el li

    Esperanto edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Esperanto alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Noun edit

    a (accusative singular a-on, plural a-oj, accusative plural a-ojn)

    1. The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.

    See also edit

    Estonian edit

    Etymology 1 edit

     a on Estonian Wikipedia

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Estonian alphabet, called aa and written in the Latin script.
    See also edit

    Noun edit

    a (genitive a or a', partitive a-d or a'd)

    1. The letter a (the first letter of the Estonian alphabet)
    2. (music) A (note)
      Synonym: la
    Declension edit
    Declension of a (ÕS type 26i/idee, no gradation)
    singular plural
    nominative a- a-d
    accusative nom.
    gen. a-
    genitive a-de
    partitive a-d a-id
    a-sid
    illative a-sse a-desse
    a-isse
    inessive a-s a-des
    a-is
    elative a-st a-dest
    a-ist
    allative a-le a-dele
    a-ile
    adessive a-l a-del
    a-il
    ablative a-lt a-delt
    a-ilt
    translative a-ks a-deks
    a-iks
    terminative a-ni a-deni
    essive a-na a-dena
    abessive a-ta a-deta
    comitative a-ga a-dega

    (music):

    Declension of a (ÕS type 26i/idee, no gradation)
    singular plural
    nominative a' a'd
    accusative nom.
    gen. a'
    genitive a'de
    partitive a'd a'id
    a'sid
    illative a'sse a'desse
    a'isse
    inessive a's a'des
    a'is
    elative a'st a'dest
    a'ist
    allative a'le a'dele
    a'ile
    adessive a'l a'del
    a'il
    ablative a'lt a'delt
    a'ilt
    translative a'ks a'deks
    a'iks
    terminative a'ni a'deni
    essive a'na a'dena
    abessive a'ta a'deta
    comitative a'ga a'dega

    Etymology 2 edit

    Clipping of aga. Probably influenced by Russian а (a).

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. (colloquial, in fast speech) but

    Etymology 3 edit

    Noun edit

    a

    1. Abbreviation of aasta.
    2. Abbreviation of aar.

    References edit

    • a in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
    • “a”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

    Fala edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Old Galician-Portuguese á, from Latin illa (“that”).

    Article edit

    a f sg (plural as, masculine u or o, masculine plural us or os)

    1. Feminine singular definite article; the
      • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
        A grandeda da lengua española é indiscotibli, i sei estudio, utilización defensa debin sel algo consostancial a nos, […]
        The greatness of the Spanish language is unquestionable, and its study, use and defense must be something consubstantial to us, […]

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. Third person singular feminine accusative pronoun; her
    See also edit
    Fala personal pronouns
    nominative dative accusative disjunctive
    first person singular ei me, -mi mi
    plural common nos musL
    nusLV
    nos, -nusM     		nos
    masculine noshotrusM noshotrusM
    feminine noshotrasM noshotrasM
    second person singular tú te, -ti ti
    plural common vos vusLV
    vos, -vusM     		vos
    masculine voshotrusM voshotrusM
    feminine voshotrasM voshotrasM
    third person singular masculine el le, -li uLV, oM el
    feminine ela a ela
    plural masculine elis usLV, osM elis
    feminine elas as elas
    reflexive — se, -si sí

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin ad (“to”).

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. to
      • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
        A grandeda da lengua española é indiscotibli, i sei estudio, utilización defensa debin sel algo consostancial a nos, […]
        The greatness of the Spanish language is unquestionable, and its study, use and defense must be something consubstantial to us, […]

    References edit

    • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[15], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

    Faroese edit

    Etymology edit

    From Latin a.

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Finnish edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and a for information on the development of the glyph itself.

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Finnish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    See also edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    German musical notation.

    Noun edit

    a

    1. (music) A (note)
    Usage notes edit

    Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

    Declension edit
    Declension of a (type maa)
    singular plural
    nominative a a:t
    genitive a:n a:iden
    a:itten
    partitive a:ta a:ita
    accusative a
    a:n     		a:t
    inessive a:ssa a:issa
    elative a:sta a:ista
    illative a:han a:ihin
    adessive a:lla a:illa
    ablative a:lta a:ilta
    allative a:lle a:ille
    essive a:na a:ina
    translative a:ksi a:iksi
    abessive a:tta a:itta
    instructive – a:in
    comitative – a:ineen
    Derived terms edit
    compounds

    Franco-Provençal edit

    Etymology edit

    Inherited from Latin ad.

    Pronoun edit

    a (ORB large)

    1. to
    2. at

    Derived terms edit

    References edit

    • à in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
    • a in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

    French edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    Noun edit

    a m or f (plural as)

    1. a, the name of the Latin-script letter A

    Derived terms edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Quebec eye-dialect spelling of elle.

    Pronunciation edit

    Pronoun edit

    a f

    1. (Quebec, colloquial) alternative form of elle (“she”)
      C’te fille-là, a’a l’air cute.
      That girl, she looks cute.

    Etymology 3 edit

    From Old French a, at from Vulgar Latin *at, from Latin habet.

    Pronunciation edit

    Verb edit

    a

    1. third-person singular present indicative of avoir
      Elle a un chat.
      She has a cat.

    See also edit

    Further reading edit

    Fula edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    Usage notes edit
    See also edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. you (second person singular subject pronoun; short form)
    Usage notes edit
    • Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).
    • Used in all conjugations except the affirmative non-accomplished, where the long form is used instead.
    See also edit
    • aɗa (second person singular subject pronoun; long form), hiɗa (variant used in the Pular dialect of Futa Jalon)
    • aan (emphatic form) (Maasina)
    • an (emphatic form) (Pular)
    • maaɗa (second person singular possessive pronoun (Adamawa))
    • -maa (second person singular dependent pronoun (Adamawa))

    Galician edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Latin ad (“to, toward”).

    Pronunciation edit

    IPA(key): /a̝/

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. to, toward; indicating direction of motion
    2. introducing an indirect object
    3. used to indicate the time of an action
    4. (with de) to, until; used to indicate the end of a range
      de cinco a oito ― from five to eight
    5. by, on, by means of; expresses a mode of action
      a pé ― on foot
    6. for; indicates price or cost
    Usage notes edit

    The preposition a regularly forms contractions when it precedes the definite article o, a, os, and as. For example, a o ("to the") contracts to ao or ó, and a a ("to the") contracts to á.

    Derived terms edit
    at/to + the table
    - Singular Plural
    Masculine ao (ó) aos (ós)
    Feminine á ás

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin illa, feminine of ille (“that”).

    Pronunciation edit

    IPA(key): /a̝/

    Article edit

    a f (masculine singular o, feminine plural as, masculine plural os)

    1. (definite) the
    Usage notes edit

    The definite article o (in all its forms) regularly forms contractions when it follows the prepositions a (“to”), con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”). For example, con a (“with the”) contracts to coa, and en a (“in the”) contracts to na.

    Also, the definite article presents a second form that could be represented as <-lo/-la/-los/-las>, or either lack any specific representation. Its origin is in the assimilation of the last consonant of words ended in -s or -r, due to sandhi, with the /l/ present in the article in pre-Galician-Portuguese period. So Vou comer o caldo or Vou come-lo caldo are representations of /ˈβowˈkomelo̝ˈkaldo̝/ ("I'm going to have my soup"). This phenomenon, rare in Portuguese, is already documented in 13th century Medieval Galician texts, as the Cantigas de Santa Maria.[1]

    Derived terms edit

    Etymology 3 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    IPA(key): /ˈa/

    Noun edit

    a m (plural as)

    1. a (name of the letter A, a)

    Etymology 4 edit

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. accusative of ela
    Usage notes edit

    Due to sandhi, the accusative form o (in all its forms) regularly changes to -lo after verbal forms ended in ⟨r⟩ or ⟨s⟩, and to -no after verbal forms ended in a semivowel:

    • Eu apagueina 'I quenched it' < apaguei‿a
    • Ti apagáchela 'You quenched it' < apagaches‿a
    • El apagouna 'He quenched it' < apagou‿a
    • Nós apagámola 'We quenched it' < apagamos‿a
    • Temos de apagala 'We must quench it' < apagar‿a

    References edit

    1. ^ Vaz Leão, Ângela (2000) “Questões de linguagem nas Cantigas de Santa Maria, de Afonso X”, in Scripta‎[1], volume 4, number 7, →DOI, retrieved 16 November 2017, pages 11-24

    German edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the German alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    Noun edit

    a n (strong, genitive a or as, plural a or as)

    1. Alternative form of A

    Etymology 2 edit

    Noun edit

    a

    1. Abbreviation of a-Moll.
    2. Abbreviation of Ar.

    Gilbertese edit

    Etymology edit

    From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.

    Pronunciation edit

    Numeral edit

    a

    1. four

    Gothic edit

    Romanization edit

    a

    1. Romanization of 𐌰

    Grass Koiari edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. you (singular)

    References edit

    • 2010, Terry Crowley & Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics, fourth edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 142.

    Gun edit

    Etymology edit

    Cognates include Fon à.

    Pronunciation edit

    Pronoun edit

    à

    1. you (second-person singular subject pronoun)

    See also edit

    Gungbe personal pronouns
    Number Person Emphatic Pronoun Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun Possessive Determiner
    Singular First nyɛ́, yẹ́n ùn, n mi cé, ṣié
    Second jɛ̀, jẹ̀, yẹ̀, hiẹ̀ à wè tòwè
    Third éɔ̀, úɔ̀, éwọ̀ é è étɔ̀n, étọ̀n
    Plural First mílɛ́, mílẹ́ mí mítɔ̀n, mítọ̀n
    Second mìlɛ́, mìlẹ́ mì mìtɔ̀n, mìtọ̀n
    Third yélɛ́, yélẹ́ yé yétɔ̀n, yétọ̀n

    Haitian Creole edit

    Pronunciation edit

    IPA(key): /a/

    Article edit

    a

    1. the, definite article

    Usage notes edit

    This term only follows words that end with an oral (non-nasal) consonant and an oral vowel in that order, and can only modify singular nouns.

    See also edit

    Hawaiian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. and (used between sentences)
    2. until, up to

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. of, belonging to

    Usage notes edit

    • Used for acquired possessions, while o is used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars).

    Hokkien edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of a – see 阿.
    (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 阿).

    Hungarian edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    See az.

    Pronunciation edit

    Article edit

    a (definite)

    1. the
      a hölgy ― the lady
    2. (before some time phrases) this
      a héten ― (during) this week
      a télen ― (in) this winter
    Usage notes edit

    Used before words starting with a consonant.

    Related terms edit
    • az (for words starting with a vowel sound)

    Pronoun edit

    a (demonstrative)

    1. (in reduplicated constructions formed with postpositions) that
      A mellett a ház mellett vártam rá. ― I waited for him/her next to that house.

    Determiner edit

    a (demonstrative)

    1. (rare, only in consonant-initial fixed phrases, with zero article) Alternative form of az (“that”).
      Foglalja össze, miről szóltak az a heti beszédek és leckék.[1] ― Summarize what that week’s sermons and lessons were about.
      November 12-én, az a havi frissítőkedden jelenhet meg. ― It may be released on November 12th, on the Patch Tuesday of that month.
      Kérjük szíves tájékoztatásukat a tekintetben, hogy… (= abban a tekintetben, see az) ― We kindly request your information in that [= the] aspect…
      amondó vagyok, hogy… ― I am of the opinion that…, what/all I can / want to say is that… (literally, “I am that-sayer/-saying…”)

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    • (letter or phoneme itself): IPA(key): [ˈɒː][2]
    • (identifier or musical note): IPA(key): [ˈaː] (in the names of minor scales; see also A)

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    2. The first letter of the Hungarian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    3. (music) designation of the sixth note from C and the corresponding tone
    Derived terms edit

    See also edit

    References edit

    1. ^ a heti at e-nyelv.hu
    2. ^ Siptár, Péter and Miklós Törkenczy. The Phonology of Hungarian. The Phonology of the World’s Languages. Oxford University Press, 2007. →ISBN, p. 280

    Further reading edit

    Icelandic edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    Noun edit

    a ?

    1. The name of the Latin-script letter A.

    See also edit

    Ido edit

    Pronunciation edit

    • (context pronunciation, letter name) IPA(key): /a/

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Noun edit

    a (plural a-i)

    1. The name of the Latin script letter A/a.

    See also edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. Apocopic form of ad

    Related terms edit

    • e (“and”)
    • o (“or”)

    Igbo edit

    Letter edit

    a (upper case A, lower case a)

    1. The first letter of the Igbo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    Etymology 1 edit

    Alternative forms edit

    • e (neutral tongue position)

    Pronunciation edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. (indefinite) somebody, one, they, people (an unspecified individual).
      A gwara ya ka ọ bịa.
      He/she was told to come.
    Usage notes edit
    • Often gets translated into English with the passive voice.
    See also edit
    Igbo personal pronouns
    dependent independent object/possesive
    Singular first m, a/e- ... -m m, mụ
    second ị, i ngị, gị gị
    third ọ, o ya
    Plural first anyị
    second ụnụ
    third ha, a/e- ... -ha ha
    Indefinite a/e - -

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Determiner edit

    a

    1. this.
    Related terms edit

    Indo-Portuguese edit

    Etymology edit

    From Portuguese a.

    Pronunciation edit

    • (Sri Lankan Creole) IPA(key): /a/, /ə/

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. to
      • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3 (overall work in German):
        […] , que da-cá su quião que ta pertencê a êll.
        […] , to give him his share which belongs to him.

    Indonesian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    • (letter name): IPA(key): /ˈa/, [ˈa]
    • (phoneme): IPA(key): /a/

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Indonesian alphabet, called id and written in the Latin script.
    2. The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.

    See also edit

    Further reading edit

    Ingrian edit

    Etymology edit

    Borrowed from Russian а (a).

    Pronunciation edit

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. and, but
      • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 17:
        A siä Jaakko, kuhu määt?
        And you Jaakko, where are you going?
      • 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:
        keskipäivääl hää [päivyt] on kaikkiin ylemmääl, a siis alkaa laskiissa.
        on midday it [the Sun] is highest, and then it starts to descend.

    References edit

    • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 1
    • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 15

    Interlingua edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. to, at
    2. to, for (indicating purpose)
      sala a attender ― waiting room

    Derived terms edit

    Inupiaq edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. listen, hark
    2. oops (used to acknowledge an error)
    3. oh (used to express surprise)

    Irish edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *esyo (the final vowel triggering lenition), feminine Proto-Celtic *esyās (the final -s triggering h-prothesis), plural Proto-Celtic *ēsom (the final nasal triggering eclipsis), all from the genitive forms of Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Welsh ei.

    Determiner edit

    a (triggers lenition)

    1. his, its
      a athair agus a mháthair ― his father and mother
      Chaill an t-éan a chleití.
      The bird lost its feathers.

    Determiner edit

    a (triggers h-prothesis)

    1. her, its
      a hathair agus a máthair ― her father and mother
      Bhris an mheaig a heiteog.
      The magpie broke its wing.

    Determiner edit

    a (triggers eclipsis)

    1. their
      a n-athair agus a máthair ― their father and mother
      a dtithe ― their houses
      a n-ainmneacha ― their names
    2. (Connacht) our
    3. (Connacht) your (plural)
    See also edit
    Irish personal pronouns
    Number Person (and gender) Conjunctive
    (emphatic)     		Disjunctive
    (emphatic)     		Possessive
    determiner
    Singular First mé
    (mise)     		mo L
    m' before vowel sounds
    Second tú
    (tusa)1     		thú
    (thusa)     		do L
    d' before vowel sounds
    Third masculine sé
    (seisean)     		é
    (eisean)     		a L
    Third feminine sí
    (sise)     		í
    (ise)     		a H
    Third neuter — ea —
    Plural First muid, sinn
    (muidne, muide), (sinne)     		ár E
    Second sibh
    (sibhse)1     		bhur E
    Third siad
    (siadsan)     		iad
    (iadsan)     		a E

    L Triggers lenition E Triggers eclipsis H Triggers h-prothesis

    1 Also used as the vocative

    The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun: e.g. "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

    Determiner edit

    a (triggers lenition)

    1. how (used with an abstract noun)
      A ghéire a labhair sí!
      How sharply she spoke!
      A fheabhas atá sé!
      How good it is!

    Etymology 2 edit

    A reduced form of older do (itself a reanalysis of do used in past tenses, and also present in early modern verbs like do-bheirim (“I give”), do-chím (“I see”)), or from the preverb a- in early modern verbs like a-tú (“I am”), a-deirim (“I say”) in relative clauses.

    Particle edit

    a (triggers lenition except of d’ and of past autonomous forms)

    1. introduces a direct relative clause, takes the independent form of an irregular verb
      an fear a chuireann síol ― the man who sows seed
      an síol a chuireann an fear ― the seed that the man sows
      an síol a cuireadh ― the seed that was sown
      nuair a bhí mé óg ― when I was young
      an cat a d'ól an bainne ― the cat that drank the milk

    References edit

    • Gerald O’Nolan (1920) Studies in Modern Irish‎[16], volume 1, pages 89, 93–94

    Etymology 3 edit

    From Old Irish a (“that, which the relative particle used after prepositions”), reanalyzed as an independent indirect relative particle from forms like ar a (“on which, on whom”), dá (“to which, to whom”), or early modern le a (“with which, with whom”), agá (“at which, at whom”) when prepositional pronouns started to be repeated in such clauses (eg. don té agá mbíon cloidheamh (…) aige, daoine agá mbíonn grádh aco do Dhia). Compare the forms used in Munster instead: go (from agá (“at which”)) and na (from i n-a (“in which”), go n-a (“with which”), ria n-a (“before which”) and later lena (“with which”), tréna (“through which”)).

    Particle edit

    a (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of an irregular verb; not used in the past tense except with some irregular verbs)

    1. introduces an indirect relative clause
      an bord a raibh leabhar air ― the table on which there was a book
      an fear a bhfuil a mhac ag imeacht ― the man whose son is going away
    Related terms edit
    • ar (used with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)

    Pronoun edit

    a (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of an irregular verb; not used in the past tense except with some irregular verbs)

    1. all that, whatever
      Sin a bhfuil ann.
      That's all that is there.
      An bhfuair tú a raibh uait?
      Did you get all that you wanted?
      Íocfaidh mé as a gceannóidh tú.
      I will pay for whatever you buy.
    Related terms edit
    • ar (used with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)

    References edit

    • Nicholas Williams (1994) “Na Canúintí a Theacht chun Solais”, in K. McCone, D. McManus, C. Ó Háinle, N. Williams, L. Breatnach, editors, Stair na Gaeilge: in ómós do P[h]ádraig Ó Fiannachta (in Irish), Maynooth: Roinn na Sean-Ghaeilge, Coláiste Phádraig, →ISBN, page 464: “Tháinig nós chun cinn sa 17ú haois freisin an réamhfhocal a dhúbláil: don té agá mbíonn cloidheamh..aige; daoine agá mbíonn grádh aco do Dhia (Ó Cuív, 1952b, 177), an tí ag a bhfuil a bheag do chuntabhairt aige (Williams, 1986, 155).”
    • Gerald O’Nolan (1934) The New Era Grammar of Modern Irish, The Educational Company of Ireland Ltd., page 56

    Etymology 4 edit

    Particle edit

    a (triggers lenition)

    1. introduces a vocative
      A Dhia!
      O God!
      A dhuine uasail!
      Sir!
      Tar isteach, a Sheáin.
      Come in, Seán.
      A amadáin!
      You fool!

    Etymology 5 edit

    Particle edit

    a (triggers h-prothesis)

    1. introduces a numeral
      a haon, a dó, a trí... ― one, two, three...
      Séamas a Dó ― James the Second
      bus a seacht ― bus seven

    Etymology 6 edit

    Originally a reduced form of do.

    Preposition edit

    a (plus dative, triggers lenition)

    1. to (used with verbal nouns)
      síol a chur ― to sow seed
      uisce a ól ― to drink water
      an rud atá sé a scríobh ― what he is writing
      D’éirigh sé a chaint.
      He rose to speak.
      Téigh a chodladh.
      Go to sleep.

    Mutation edit

    Irish mutation
    Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
    a n-a ha not applicable
    Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

    Further reading edit

    Istriot edit

    Etymology edit

    From Latin ad.

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. at
      • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
        A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
        At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,

    Particle edit

    a

    1. emphasises a verb; mandatory with impersonal verbs
      • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
        A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
        At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,

    Italian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Latin ā (the name of the letter A).

    Letter edit

    a f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Italian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.

    Noun edit

    a f (invariable)

    1. The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.; a
    See also edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Latin ad. In a few phrases, a stems from Latin ā, ab.

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. Indicates the indirect object. to
      Porta questo cesto alla nonna.
      Bring this basket to grandma.
      Ai gatti piacciono i pesci.
      Cats like fish.
      (literally, “Fish are pleasable to cats.”)
      E lo chiedi a me?
      You're asking that to me?
    2. Indicates the place, used in some contexts, in others in is used. in, to
      Andiamo a casa?
      Can we go home?
      (literally, “Can we go to home?”)
      Ora sto a Palermo, a Roma ci torno domani.
      I'm in Palermo now, I'll go back to Rome tomorrow.
    3. Denotes the manner. with
      appena, a nuoto, a piedi, a caso ― almost, swimming, by foot, randomly
    5. Forms adverbs meaning “in a manner related or resembling ~”.
      a cappella, a bestia, a braccio, a pennello, etc. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    6. Forms goodbye formulas from the time the persons will meet again. see you...
      A domani! ― See you tomorrow!
      A dopo! ― See you later!
      Al prossimo Natale! ― See you next Christmas!
    7. Introduces the ingredients of a dish, perfume, etc. with
      pasta all'uovo ― pasta with eggs
      cornetto al cioccolato ― chocolate croissant
      shampoo al limone ― lemon shampoo
      patatine alla pizza ― pizza-flavoured crisps
    8. (central-southern Italy) Denotes the direct object, but only if it's not preceded by articles
      Chiama a Paolo.
      Call Paolo.
      E non ci avevi visto a noi?
      And you didn't see us?
      the "us" here is repeated twice for emphasis
      Ascolti a me, signó!
      Listen to me, ma'am!
    9. (followed by the definite article) Forms an interjection that gives an instruction or calls attention to something.
      Al ladro! ― Thief!
      Al fuoco! ― Fire!
      Al lupo! ― Wolf!
      All'attacco! ― Attack!
      All'arrembaggio! ― Assault! (yelled by pirates)
    10. (regional) Forms continuous tense when preceded by stare and followed by verb infinitives. -ing. The standard language for this scope uses gerunds.
      che stai a di'? ― what are you saying?
      stavo a dormi' ― I was sleeping
    11. Repeated indicates the amount by which something grows. by
      a due a due ― two by two; in pairs
      a poco a poco ― little by little
    12. Indicates the agent of a verb in some contexts. by. Sometimes interchangable with da.
      L'ho sentito dire a Livia.
      I heard Livia say it.
      (literally, “I heard it said by Livia.”)
      • c. 1909, Luigi Pirandello, chapter 2.3, in I vecchi e i giovani:
        Mi duole, creda, sinceramente, veder fare a un uomo come lei, per cui ho tanta stima, una figura... non bella, via! non bella.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    Usage notes edit
    • When followed by a word that begins with a vowel sound, the form ad is used instead.
    • When followed by the definite article, a combines with the article to produce the following combined forms:
    a + article Combined form
    a + il al
    a + lo allo
    a + l' all'
    a + i ai
    a + gli agli
    a + la alla
    a + le alle
    Descendants edit
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: a (learned)

    Etymology 3 edit

    Verb edit

    a

    1. Misspelling of ha.

    References edit


    Further reading edit

    Jamaican Creole edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. Indicates location: at, in, on.
      a mi yaad
      at my home
    2. of
      Yunaitid Stiet a Amoerka
      United States of America
    3. to
      Dem go a maakit. Mi a-go a skuul.
      They go to the market. I'm going to school.

    Verb edit

    a

    1. be
      1. is, it's
        Jumieka a wahn ailan konchri.
        Jamaica is an island country.
      2. are, am
        Wi a api.
        We are happy.
        Mi a di tiicha.
        I am the teacher.
      3. there is, there are
        A tuu apruoch tu Ort sayans.
        There are two approaches to Earth science.

    Particle edit

    a

    1. Habitual present tense marker.
      wan plies we dem a plie haki mach
      a place where they play hockey matches
    2. Precedes a verb to mark the -ing form.
      a laaf, a ron, a iit
      laughing, running, eating

    See also edit

    Further reading edit

    Japanese edit

    Romanization edit

    a

    1. The hiragana syllable あ (a) or the katakana syllable ア (a) in Hepburn romanization.

    Jersey Dutch edit

    Pronunciation edit

    • (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʊ/, /ɑ/

    Letter edit

    a

    1. A letter of the Jersey Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    K'iche' edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Adjective edit

    a

    1. masculine youth indicator

    Adverb edit

    a

    1. (interrogatory) indicator of a question

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. your

    References edit

    Kabuverdianu edit

    Letter edit

    a (uppercase A)

    1. The first letter of the Kabuverdianu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    Kabyle edit

    Alternative forms edit

    Determiner edit

    a

    1. this
      a rgaz a
      this man

    Kalasha edit

    Etymology edit

    From Sanskrit अहम् (ahám).

    Pronoun edit

    a (Arabic آ)

    1. I (1st-person personal pronoun)

    See also edit

    Kalasha personal pronouns
    singular plural
    1st person a / آ ábi / آبی
    2nd person tu / تُو ábi / آبی
    3rd person (near) ía / اِیا émi / ایمی
    3rd person (far) ása / آسا éḷi / ایࣇی
    3rd person (absent) se / سے te / تے

    Kapampangan edit

    Ligature edit

    a

    1. connects adjectives to nouns
      Romantiku a bengi.
      A romantic night.
      Pinakapalsintan a tau.
      The person I love the most.
      Mayap a abak.
      Good morning.
      Mayap a bengi.
      Good night.
      Dakal a salamat.
      Thank you very much.

    See also edit

    Kari'na edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. ah, aah

    References edit

    • Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎[17], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 213
    • Yamada, Racquel-María (2010) “a”, in Speech community-based documentation, description, and revitalization: Kari’nja in Konomerume‎[18], University of Oregon, page 707

    Kashubian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    • IPA(key): /ˈa/
    • Syllabification: a

    Etymology 1 edit

    The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and a for development of the glyph itself.

    Letter edit

    a (lowercase, uppercase A)

    1. The first letter of the Kashubian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a.

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. and (used to continue a previous statement or to add to it)

    Noun edit

    a n (indeclinable)

    1. (music) a (note)

    Etymology 3 edit

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a.

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. interjection that expresses various emotions; ah!

    Further reading edit

    • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “a”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego‎[19] (in Kashubian), page 1
    • Bernard Sychta (1967–1973) “a, a!”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich, volume 1, page 1
    • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “a”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[20], volume 1, page 9
    • “A, a”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
    • “a!”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

    Kayan edit

    Letter edit

    a

    1. a the first letter of Kayan alphabet.

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. used for he, she, third person.

    Koitabu edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. you (singular)

    References edit

    • Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics

    Krisa edit

    Pronunciation edit

    IPA(key): /a/

    Noun edit

    a m

    1. pig
      Nana a doma.
      I shot your pig.

    References edit

    • Donohue, Mark and San Roque, Lila. I'saka: a sketch grammar of a language of north-central New Guinea. (Pacific Linguistics, 554.) (2004).

    Ladin edit

    Etymology edit

    From Latin a.

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. in
    2. at
    3. to

    Derived terms edit

    Lashi edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Adverb edit

    a

    1. not

    References edit

    • Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎[21], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

    Latgalian edit

    Etymology edit

    Ultimately from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō. The source is not clear:

    • Probably borrowed from a Slavic language (compare Russian а (a) and Belarusian а (a)).
    • Alternatively, irregularly shortened from *ā, inherited from *ō.

    Compare Lithuanian o.

    Pronunciation edit

    • IPA(key): [ˈa]
    • Hyphenation: a

    Conjunction edit

    a f

    1. and, but

    References edit

    • A. Andronov, L. Leikuma (2008) Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN

    Latin edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through Etruscan.

    Pronunciation edit

    (letter name):

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. (sometimes with littera) the first letter of the Latin alphabet.
      littera a ― the letter a

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Etruscan.

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    ā f (indeclinable)

    1. The name of the letter A.
    Coordinate terms edit

    Etymology 3 edit

    Alternative form of ab by apocope (not used before a vowel or h).

    Alternative forms edit

    • à (earlier in New Latin)
    • ab

    Pronunciation edit

    Preposition edit

    ā (+ ablative)

    1. (indicating ablation) from, away from, out of
      • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.1:
        Gallōs ab Aquītānīs Garumna flūmen, ā Belgīs Matrona et Sēquana dīvidit.
        The river Garonne separates the Gauls from the Aquitani; the Marne and the Seine (separate them) from the Belgae.
    2. (indicating ablation) down from
    3. (indicating agency: source of action or event) by, by means of
      • 45 BCE, Cicero, De finibus bonorum et malorum 1.2:
        Quamquam philosophiae quidem vituperātōribus satis respōnsum est eō librō, quō ā nōbīs philosophia dēfēnsa et collaudāta est, cum esset accūsāta et vituperāta ab Hortēnsiō.
        Although indeed to the vituperators of philosophy an adequate response is in that book, in which philosophy has been defended and highly praised by us [me], when it had been accused and vituperated by Hortensius.
    4. (indicating instrumentality: source of action or event) by, by means of, with
    5. (indicating association) to, with
    6. (indicating location) at, on, in
    7. (time) after, since
    Usage notes edit

    Used in conjunction with passive verbs to mark the agent.

    • Liber ā discipulō aperītur.
      The book is opened by the student.
    Derived terms edit
    Descendants edit
    • Italian: a
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: a (learned)
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: a (learned)

    Etymology 4 edit

    Expressive.

    Pronunciation edit

    Interjection edit

    ā

    1. ah

    Further reading edit

    • “a”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “a”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • a in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • “a”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011

    Latvian edit

    Etymology edit

    Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

     
    A

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Latvian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Noun edit

    a m (invariable)

    1. The name of the Latin script letter A/a.

    See also edit

    Further reading edit

    Laz edit

    Determiner edit

    a

    1. Latin spelling of ა (a)

    Letter edit

    a

    1. The first letter of the Laz alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Numeral edit

    a

    1. Latin spelling of ა (a)

    Ligurian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Ligurian Definite Articles
    singular plural
    masculine o i
    feminine  a e

    Article edit

    a f sg (plural e)

    1. the

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Latin ad.

    Preposition edit

    a

    1. in
    2. at
    3. to
      Vàddo a câza. ― I'm going home. (literally, “I go to home.”)
    4. indicates the direct object, mainly to avoid confusion when it, the subject, or both are displaced, or for emphasis
      A mæ seu ghe fa mâ 'n bràsso. ― My sister's arm hurts. (literally, “To my sister an arm hurts.”)
    a + article Combined form
    a + o a-o
    a + a a-a
    a + i a-i
    a + e a-e

    Livonian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.


    Louisiana Creole edit

    Etymology edit

    From French avoir (“to have”).

    Verb edit

    a

    1. to have

    Lower Sorbian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
    2. The name of the Latin-script letter a/A.

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. and

    See also edit

    Further reading edit

    • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “a”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
    • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “a”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

    Lushootseed edit

    Letter edit

    a

    1. The second letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as an open back unrounded vowel.

    Malay edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Interjection edit

    a (Jawi spelling ا)

    1. Used to show excitement or to show agreement.
      A, macam itulah sepatutnya kaujawab!
      Yes, that's how you should answer!
    2. Used to show that you have forgotten or are attempting to remember something.
      Dia ni, a, salah seorang Perdana Menteri Britain dulu.
      This guy is, uh, one of Britain's Prime Ministers in the past.

    Further reading edit

    Maltese edit

    Pronunciation edit

    • IPA(key): /a/ (short phoneme)
    • IPA(key): /aː/ (long phoneme)

    Letter edit

    a (lower case, upper case A)

    1. The first letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

    See also edit

    Mandarin edit

    Romanization edit

    a (a5／a0, Zhuyin ˙ㄚ)

    1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呵
    2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啊
    3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阿

    a

    1. Nonstandard spelling of ā.
    2. Nonstandard spelling of á.
    3. Nonstandard spelling of ǎ.
    4. Nonstandard spelling of à.

    Usage notes edit

    • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

    Mandinka edit

    Pronoun edit

    a

    1. he, him (personal pronoun)
      A m busa ― He/she struck me.
      Y a busa ― They struck him/her.
    2. she, her (personal pronoun)
    3. it (personal pronoun)

    See also edit

    Mandinka personal pronouns
    singular plural
    1st person nte, n, m ntolu, ntelu, n
    2nd person ite, i altolu, altelu, al
    3rd person ate, a itolu, itelu, y

    Maori edit

    Particle edit

    a

    1. of
    2. (determinative particle for names)
    3. (particle for pronouns when succeeding ki, i, kei, and hei)

    Usage notes edit

    • When used in the sense of of, suggests that the possessor has control of the relationship (alienable possession).

    Masurian edit

    Pronunciation edit

    • IPA(key): [ˈa]
    • Syllabification: a

    Etymology 1 edit

    Inherited from Old Polish a.

    Conjunction edit

    a

    1. (contrastive) and, but, whereas
    2. (coordinating) and; at that

    Particle edit

    a

    1. sometimes neutral or emphatic, used to start a sentence or question

    Etymology 2 edit

    Inherited from Old Polish a, from Proto-Slavic *a.

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. ah! used when the speaker has remembered or noticed something

    Further reading edit

    • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “a”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎[22], volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, pages 107-109

    Mezquital Otomi edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Interjection edit

    a

    1. expresses satisfaction, pity, fright, or admiration

    Etymology 2 edit

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Verb edit

    a

    1. (transitive) wake, awaken

    Etymology 3 edit

    From Proto-Otomi *ʔɔ, from Proto-Otomian *ʔɔ.

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    a

    1. flea
    Derived terms edit

    References edit

    • Andrews, Enriqueta (1950) Vocabulario otomí de Tasquillo, Hidalgo‎[23] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 1
    • Hernández Cruz, Luis, Victoria Torquemada, Moisés (2010) Diccionario del hñähñu (otomí) del Valle del Mezquital, estado de Hidalgo (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 45)‎[24] (in Spanish), second edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 3

    Middle Dutch edit

    Etymology edit

    From Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

    Noun edit

    â f

    1. (rare) river, stream, water

    Inflection edit

    This noun needs an inflection-table template.

    Descendants edit

    Further reading edit

    • “a (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000

    Middle English edit

    Etymology 1 edit

      Article edit

      a

      1. Alternative form of an (mainly preconsonantal)

      Etymology 2 edit

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. (Late Middle English) Alternative form of I (“I”)

      Etymology 3 edit

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. Alternative form of heo (“she”)

      Etymology 4 edit

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. Alternative form of he (“he”)

      Etymology 5 edit

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. Alternative form of he (“they”)

      Etymology 6 edit

      Numeral edit

      a

      1. (Northern, Early Middle English) Alternative form of oo (“one”)

      Middle French edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Old French a, from Latin ad.

      Alternative forms edit

      • à (after 1550)

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. to; towards

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Old French, from Latin habet.

      Verb edit

      a

      1. third-person singular present indicative of avoir

      Middle Welsh edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Particle edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. O (vocative particle)

      Etymology 2 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Pronoun edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. who, which, that

      Particle edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. inserted before the verb when the subject of direct object precedes it

      Etymology 3 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Particle edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. used to introduce a direct question
      2. whether, used to introduce an indirect question

      Etymology 4 edit

      Reduction of o (“from”).

      Pronunciation edit

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. used between a focused adjective and the noun it modifies

      Etymology 5 edit

      From Old Welsh ha.

      Alternative forms edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Conjunction edit

      a (triggers aspiration)

      1. and

      Etymology 6 edit

      Alternative forms edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Preposition edit

      a (triggers aspiration)

      1. with

      Etymology 7 edit

      From Proto-Celtic *ageti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-.

      Alternative forms edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Verb edit

      a

      1. third-person singular present indicative of mynet

      Mutation edit

      Middle Welsh mutation
      Radical Soft Nasal H-prothesis
      a unchanged unchanged ha
      Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
      possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

      Mòcheno edit

      Etymology edit

      From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, a”).

      Article edit

      a (oblique masculine an)

      1. a, an

      References edit

      Mopan Maya edit

      Article edit

      a

      1. the

      References edit

      • Hofling, Charles Andrew (2011). Mopan Maya–Spanish–English Dictionary, University of Utah Press.

      Mountain Koiari edit

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. you (singular)

      References edit

      • Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics

      Murui Huitoto edit

      Adverb edit

      a

      1. Superseded spelling of aa.

      References edit

      • Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎[25] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 19

      Nauruan edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. I (first person singular pronoun)
        • 2000, Lisa M Johnson, Firstness of Secondness in Nauruan Morphology (overall work in English):
          a pudun
          1sing fall+Vn
          I fell
          […]
          a nuwawen
          1pers.sing. go+Vn
          I did go. (I left.)
          […]
          a kaiotien aem
          [1pers.sing.] [hear+Vn] [your words]
          I hear what you said.
          […]
          a nan imoren
          1pers.sing. FUT health+Vn
          I shall be cured (get better).

      Navajo edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.
        a = /a˨/
        ą = /ã˨/
        á = /a˥/
        ą́ = /ã˥/
        aa = /aː˨˨/
        ąą = /ãː˨˨/
        áa = /aː˥˨/
        ą́ą = /ãː˥˨/
        aá = /aː˨˥/
        ąą́ = /ãː˨˥/
        áá = /aː˥˥/
        ą́ą́ = /ãː˥˥/

      See also edit

      Neapolitan edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Latin de ab.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. from (referring to a place)
      2. by (introducing the actor in the passive voice)
      3. to (implying necessity)

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Latin ad.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. in (locative: staying in a place of relative width)
      2. to (locative: moving towards a place of relative width)
      3. to (dative)

      Nias edit

      Etymology edit

      From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.

      Verb edit

      a (imperfective manga)

      1. (transitive) to eat

      References edit

      • Sundermann, Heinrich. 1905. Niassisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Moers: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, p. 15.

      Norman edit

      Verb edit

      a

      1. (Guernsey) third-person singular present indicative of aver

      Norwegian Bokmål edit

       
      The letter a from the Norwegian alphabet.

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Latin a, from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through the Etruscan language, from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ), from Proto-Canaanite  , from Proto-Sinaitic  , from Egyptian 𓃾, representing the head of an ox.

      Pronunciation edit

      Letter edit

      a (uppercase A)

      1. The first letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Noun edit

      a m (definite singular a-en, indefinite plural a-er, definite plural a-ene)

      1. the letter a, the first letter of the Norwegian alphabet
        fra A til B ― from A to B
        fra A til Å ― from A to Z
        har man sagt a, må man si b ― if you have said A, you should say B
        • 1999, Lars Roar Langslet, I kamp for norsk kultur, page 234:
          bruken av a i bestemt form i hunkjønnsord
          the use of a in the definite form of feminine words
      2. indicates the first or best entry of a list, order or rank
        Synonyms: A-, a-
        oppgang A ― apartment entrance A
        blodgruppe A ― blood group A
        førerkort i klasse A ― (motorcycle) driver's license in class A
        øl i klasse A ― beer in class A (with 0,0-0,7 volume percent alcohol)
        A post ― A post / priority mail
        A-aksje ― class A-share
        hepatitt A ― hepatitis A
        • 1919, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Samlede digter-verker I [Collected poetic works 1], page 454:
          [bokstavene begynte] at gaa sammen, to og to: a stod og hvilte under et træ, som hedte b
          [the letters began] to go together, two by two: a stood and rested under a tree called b
        • 1920, Jonas Lie, Samlede Digterverker V, page 389:
          begynde paa Ø istedet for A
          start with Ø instead of A
        • 1886, Arne Garborg, Mogning og manndom I, page 172:
          jeg traf sammen med et par generalbanditter, gamle gutter, storartede ranglefanter, 1ste klasse 1 A med stjerne, deilige herremænd
          I met a couple of general bandits, old boys, great revelers, 1st class 1 A with a star, lovely gentlemen
        • 1939, Knut Hamsun, Artikler, page 99:
          historie er hvad A mener til forskel fra B, og hvad C igen mener til forskel baade fra A og B om den samme sag
          story is what A thinks differently from B and what C again thinks differently from both A and B about the same case
      3. the highest grade in a school or university using the A-F scale
        få A til eksamen
        receive an A on an exam
        • 2019, Helene Uri, Stillheten etterpå, page 14:
          jeg har gode karakterer. Bare A-er og B-er
          I have good grades. Only A's and B's
      4. (music) designation of the sixth note from C and the corresponding tone
        A-dur
        A major
        A-moll
        A minor
        • 1944, Børre Qvamme, Musikk, page 10:
          synge en riktig A uten hjelp av et instrument eller stemmegaffel
          sing a correct A without the aid of an instrument or tuning fork
        • 1973, Finn Havrevold, Avreisen, page 127:
          han slår énstrøken a på klaveret
          he strikes one stroke A on the piano
        • 1997, Tove Nilsen, G for Georg, page 42:
          så gal at man virkelig tror at svaler er g-nøkler og bass-nøkler og a’er og c’er som svever rundt hverandre og lager konsert i himmelen
          so crazy that you really think swallows are g-keys and bass-keys and a's and c's floating around each other and making a concert in the sky
      5. (physics) symbol for ampere
      6. (physics) symbol for nucleon number
      7. (horology) symbol for avance
      8. symbol for anno
      9. short form of atom-
        Synonym: a-
        a-bombe
        atom bomb (a-bomb)

      Derived terms edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Abbreviation of atto- (“atto-”).

      Symbol edit

      a

      1. atto-, prefix for 10-18 in the International System of Units.

      Etymology 3 edit

      Abbreviation of ar (“are”).

      Symbol edit

      a

      1. an are, a unit of area one hundredth of a hectare; ares
        Synonym: ar

      Etymology 4 edit

      From French à (“to, on, in”).

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. Alternative spelling of à
      Alternative forms edit

      Etymology 5 edit

      From Latin ā (“from, away from, out of”), alternative form of ab (“from, away from, out of, down from”).

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. (used in Latin expressions, before a consonant) from, of
        a posteriori, a prima vista, a priori, a tempo, a verbo, a viso, a vista
      Alternative forms edit

      Etymology 6 edit

      From Italian a (“in, at, to”).

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. (used in Italian expressions, before a consonant) from, of, with
        a battuta, a cappella, a due, a dato, a konto
      2. weak form of av (of)

      Etymology 7 edit

      From Old Norse hana (“her”), accusative form of hón (“she”), from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*hān-), from a prefixed form of Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one; some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one; single”).

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. (dialectal, used enclitically after a conjunction or subjunction) she
        • 1948, Helge Krog, Skuespill I, page 43:
          jagu slår a ja. Og det så det kjens. Forleden dag ga hun meg en knallende ørefik
          she can certainly punch. And so you feel it. The other day she gave me a popping slap to the ear
        • 1989, Bergljot Hobæk Haff, Den guddommelige tragedie:
          hu kunne ikke henge på seg så mye som et enrada perlebånd, uten at a måtte skotte opp i skyene for å høre hva den aller høyeste mente
          she could not put on as much as a single string of pearls, without having to shoot up into the clouds to hear what the very highest one meant
      2. (dialectal, about grammatically feminine animals or objects) it, she
        • 1899, Sfinx, Vi og Voreses, page 45:
          hos Hansens laa dem te klokka var ni, og 10 var a mange ganger ogsaa
          at Hansen's they laid until nine o'clock, and 10 she was many times too
        • 1954, Agnar Mykle, Lasso rundt fru Luna, page 476:
          hvor ligger a [duskeluen] henne?
          where is the hat?
        hvor er a katta di?
        where is your cat?
        Synonym: hun
      3. (dialectal, used enclitically) her; object form of hun (=she)
        hva gjorde du med a?
        what did you do to her?
        • 1847–1868, Halfdan Kjerulf, Av hans efterladte papirer, page 245:
          jeg [skrev] klaverstykker … en lille scherzo med nordisk motiv … «gjenta» og «Jørgen Matros», som gjør kur til ’a og «Ola Spelman» som hun foretrækker
          I [wrote] piano pieces… a small scherzo with a Nordic motif… «gjenta» and «Jørgen Matros», which makes cure for her and «Ola Spelman» which she prefers
        • 1875, Alexander Erbe, Fra skjærgaarden, page 23:
          [klokkeren] skulle da koste paa a amen
          [the clockmaker] would then cost her amen
        • 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden I, page 6:
          jeg kan da gjerne skjære litt mat til a
          I could happily cut some food for her
        • 1931, Aksel Sandemose, En sjømann går i land, page 19:
          han stakk henne med kniven, riktig kylt’n midt i magan på a
          he stabbed her with the knife, really threw in the middle of her stomach
        • 2010, Helene Guåker, Kjør!:
          flere enn deg i hvert fall, di lørje, svarte jeg og så a midt i aua
          more than you at least, you skank, I answered and looked her in the eye
      4. (dialectal, about grammatically feminine animals or objects) it, her
        hvis katta stikker av, må du fange a!
        if the cat runs away, you need to catch her!
        • 1895, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Over Ævne II, page 136:
          naar kjærka ikke kan holde arbejderne i ave [age], aa faen skal vi saa me’a
          when the church can not keep the workers in duty, what the hell do we do with her then
        Synonym: henne
      5. (dialectal, used proclitically with a woman's name or female relation) she, her
        • 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden V, page 96:
          ta a Guldborg
          consider Guldborg
        • 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden V, page 64:
          har du glemt a mamma
          did you forget about mom
        • 2015, Rudolf Nilsen, Samlede dikt, page 88:
          a Paula kom plystrende hjem
          Paula came home whistling
        • 2015 March 12, Gerd Nyland, “Fire år uten radio”, in Oppland Arbeiderblad‎[26], archived from the original on 2023-01-28:
          a tante Karen, mor hennes Reidun, hadde ordne med sengeplasser i stua, Booken på en divan og a Rita på flatseng på golvet
          aunt Karen, her mother Reidun, had arranged beds in the living room, Booken on a daybed and Rita on a flat bed on the floor

      Etymology 8 edit

      From Danish ah (“oh”), likely from German ach (“oh”), from Middle High German ach, from Old High German ah. Also see ah and akk.

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. expression of surprise or horror
        a, for noe tøv!
        oh, such nonsense!
        • 1888, Herman Colditz, Kjærka, et Atélierinteriør:
          a, det er bare noe drit til han terracottaen
          oh, that is just some crap for that terracotta guy
      2. expression of admiration or happiness
        a, det gjorde godt!
        oh, that felt good!
        • 1897, Fridtjof Nansen, Fram over Polhavet I, page 345:
          a, kunde vi bare gi «Fram» slige vinger
          oh, if only we could give "Fram" wings like that
      3. used with the words yes and no to give a sense of impatience or rejection
        a jo, men hold nå fred!
        oh yes, but keep quiet now
        • 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Fru Inger til Østråt, page 99:
          a nej, det kan være det samme
          oh no, it does not matter
        • 1874-1878, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Brytnings-år I, page 25:
          a ja, lad Schirmer tegne staburet
          oh yes, let Schirmer draw the storehouse
        • 1988, Arild Nyquist, Giacomettis forunderlige reise:
          verden er vakker, bestemor. Selv når det regner og blåser. A ja da.
          the world is beautiful, grandma. Even when it's raining and windy. Oh yes.

      Etymology 9 edit

      Mostly likely from Norwegian ad (“against, on”), from Danish ad (“by, at”), from Old Danish at, from Old Norse at (“at, to”), from Proto-Germanic *at (“at, toward, to”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”).

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. expression of anger or sorrow, especially with a personal pronoun
        uff a meg!
        oh, my!
        huff a meg!
        oh, no!
      Alternative forms edit

      References edit

      • “a” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
      • “a” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
      • “a” in Store norske leksikon
      •   a on the Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia.Wikipedia nb

      Anagrams edit

      Norwegian Nynorsk edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Letter edit

      a (lowercase, uppercase A)

      1. The first letter of the Norwegian Nynorsk alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Noun edit

      a m (definite singular a-en, indefinite plural a-ar, definite plural a-ane)

      1. the letter a

      Etymology 2 edit

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. ah!
        Synonyms: ah, å

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. (dialect) alternative form of av
        • c. 1700, Sigurd Kolsrud, quoting Jacob Rasch, “Eldste nynorske bibeltekst: Jacob Rasch c. 1700”, in Syn og Segn, volume 56, published 1950, page 110:
          fre a Gud okka far aa Jesu Christo den herræ.
          peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

      References edit

      Nupe edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • (phoneme): IPA(key): /a/, (after /n/ or /m/) /ã/

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Particle edit

      à

      1. not (placed at the end of a clause to negate it)
        Mi de eshìgi à, mi ma de dàǹgi à. ― I don't have a dog, and I don't have a cat.

      Etymology 3 edit

      Clipping of lá

      Pronunciation edit

      Particle edit

      á

      1. Marks the perfective aspect, for actions that are completed
      Usage notes edit

      á, which is derived from the verb lá (“to take”), functions like a verb so that the word order in the present perfect tense is that of a serial verb construction.

      • Musa shi dùkùn ― Musa bought a pot
      • Musa á dùkùn shi. ― Musa has bought a pot. (literally, “Musa took a pot to buy”)

      Etymology 4 edit

      Clipping of gà

      Pronunciation edit

      Particle edit

      à

      1. Used to express the future tense (placed before verbs)
        A à lá èbi be nakàn ― They will use a knife to cut the meat

      Occitan edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Latin ad.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. to
      2. at
      Derived terms edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Noun edit

      a f (plural as)

      1. a (the letter a)

      Etymology 3 edit

      Verb edit

      a

      1. third-person singular present indicative of aver

      Old Czech edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō.

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. ah!
      Descendants edit
      • Czech: a

      Etymology 2 edit

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō.

      Particle edit

      a

      1. Connective, contrasitve particle; and
      2. then, as, if
      3. yes, of course

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. and (used to continue a previous statement or to add to it)
      2. and, but, whereas (used contrastively)
      Descendants edit
      • Czech: a

      References edit

      Old Danish edit

      Alternative forms edit

      • aa (Jutlandic)

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

      Noun edit

      ā (genitive ār, plural ār)

      1. (Scania) stream, river
      Descendants edit
      • Danish: å

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ana.

      Preposition edit

      ā

      1. (Scania) on, in, at
      Descendants edit

      Etymology 3 edit

      Verb edit

      ā

      1. first/third-person singular present indicative of ēgha

      Old Dutch edit

      Etymology edit

      From Proto-West Germanic *ahu.

      Noun edit

      ā f

      1. river, stream, water

      Inflection edit

      This noun needs an inflection-table template.

      Alternative forms edit

      Descendants edit

      • Middle Dutch: â

      Further reading edit

      • “ā, ē”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

      Old English edit

      Alternative forms edit

      Etymology edit

      From Proto-West Germanic *aiw, from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“eternity, age”).

      Pronunciation edit

      Adverb edit

      ā

      1. ever, always

      References edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Noun edit

      ā f

      1. Alternative form of ǣ: law

      References edit

      Etymology 3 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. Alternative form of on: to, in

      References edit

      Old French edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Old French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Latin ad.

      Alternative forms edit

      • ad
      • à (not in manuscripts; occasionally used by scholars to differentiate between the preposition and the verb form)

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. to
      2. towards
      3. belonging to
        fil a putain ― son of a whore
      Derived terms edit
      Descendants edit
      • French: à
        • → Danish: à
        • → Dutch: à
        • → German: à
        • → Hungarian: à
        • → Norwegian Bokmål: à, a
        • → Swedish: à

      Etymology 3 edit

      Alternative forms edit

      Verb edit

      a

      1. third-person singular present indicative of avoir

      Etymology 4 edit

      From Latin ab.

      Adverb edit

      a

      1. by, by means of

      Old Galician-Portuguese edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Inherited from Latin ad (“toward, to”).

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. to; towards

      Descendants edit

      • Fala: a
      • Galician: a
      • Portuguese: a
        • Indo-Portuguese: a

      Etymology 2 edit

      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Article edit

      a f

      1. Alternative spelling of á

      Old Irish edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Proto-Celtic *sosim (“this”).

      Alternative forms edit

      • (relative pronoun): an

      Article edit

      a

      1. nominative/accusative singular neuter of in

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Pronoun edit

      a (triggers eclipsis, takes a leniting relative clause using a deuterotonic or absolute verb form)

      2. that which, what

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Descendants edit
      • Irish: a
      • Scottish Gaelic: a

      Further reading edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

      Conjunction edit

      a (triggers eclipsis, takes a nasalizing relative clause)

      1. when

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Proto-Celtic *esyo (m and n), *esyās (f), and *ēsom (pl), from Proto-Indo-European *ésyo, genitive singular of *ís and *íd; compare Welsh ei (“his, her, its”), eu (“their”); Old High German iro (“their”); and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”), अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”), and एषाम् (eṣā́m, “their”).

      Alternative forms edit

      Determiner edit

      a (predicative aí or áe) (triggers lenition in the masculine and neuter singular, an unwritten prothetic /h/ before a vowel in the feminine singular, and eclipsis in the plural)

      1. his, its
      2. her, its
      3. their

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Descendants edit
      • Irish: a (“his, her, its, their”)
      • Scottish Gaelic: a (“his, her, its”); an (“their”)

      Further reading edit

      Etymology 4 edit

      From Proto-Celtic *ā (compare Welsh a), from Proto-Indo-European *ō (compare Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), Latin ō).

      Alternative forms edit

      Particle edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. O (vocative particle)

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Descendants edit
      • Irish: a
      • Scottish Gaelic: a

      Further reading edit

      Etymology 5 edit

      Particle edit

      a (triggers an unwritten prothetic /h/ before a vowel)

      1. introduces a numeral
        a deich ― ten
      Descendants edit
      • Irish: a
      • Scottish Gaelic: a

      Further reading edit

      Etymology 6 edit

      From Proto-Celtic *exs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.

      Preposition edit

      a (combined with plural article asnaib, combined with 1st singular possessive determiner asmo, combined with 3rd person possessive determiner assa)

      1. out of

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Inflection edit
      Inflection of a
      Person Normal Emphatic
      1st person sing. asum
      2d person sing. essiut
      3d sing. masc./neut., dative as(s), es
      3d sing. masc./neut., accusative
      3d sing. fem., dative e(i)ssi, esse essisi
      3d sing. fem., accusative
      1st person pl.
      2d person pl.
      3d person pl., dative es(s)ib, eissib
      3d person pl., accusative
      Related terms edit
      Descendants edit
      • Irish: as
      • Manx: ass
      • Scottish Gaelic: à

      Further reading edit

      Old Polish edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a. First attested in the first half of 14th century.

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. ah! (used when the speaker has remembered or noticed something)
      Descendants edit
      • Masurian: a
      • Polish: a
      • Silesian: a

      Etymology 2 edit

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō. First attested in the first half of 14th century.

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. and (used to continue a previous statement or to add to it)
      2. and, but, whereas (used contrastively)
      3. and then (used to say an event will occur if some requirement is fulfilled)
      4. emphasizes a question
      5. introduces a new sentences
      Related terms edit
      Descendants edit
      • Masurian: a
      • Polish: a
      • Silesian: a

      References edit

      Old Swedish edit

      Alternative forms edit

      Etymology edit

      From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.

      Pronunciation edit

      Noun edit

      ā f

      1. creek, river

      Declension edit

      Declension of ā (ō-stem)
      singular plural
      indefinite definite indefinite definite
      nominative ā āin ā(r) āna(r)
      accusative ā āna ā(r) āna(r)
      dative ā ānni ām āmin, -men
      genitive ā(r) ārinnar ā ānna

      Descendants edit

      • Swedish: å

      References edit

      Omaha-Ponca edit

      Noun edit

      a

      1. arm

      References edit

      Ometepec Nahuatl edit

      Noun edit

      a

      1. water

      Oromo edit

      Noun edit

      a (plural aa)

      1. The first letter of the Oromo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      Palauan edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a.

      Article edit

      a

      1. a, the

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a, from Proto-Austronesian *a.

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. linking particle

      Papiamentu edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case upper case, A)

      1. The first letter of the Papiamentu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      Etymology 2 edit

      Particle edit

      a

      1. Indicates the past tense.
        Mi a papia kuné. ― I talked to him.

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Portuguese a.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. to
      2. by
      3. at
      Usage notes edit
      • Only used in set expressions from Spanish.

      Polish edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and a for development of the glyph itself.

      Letter edit

      a (lowercase, uppercase A)

      1. The first letter of the Polish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
        małe a ― a minuscule/small/little a
        duże a ― a capital/big/large a
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) First attested in the the year 1551.[1]

      Noun edit

      a n (indeclinable)

      1. a, near-open central vowel
        samogłoska a ― the vowel a
        powiedzieć a ― to say a
      2. (music) a (note)
        zagrać a ― to play an a
        zaśpiewać a ― to sing an a

      Related terms edit

      Etymology 3 edit

      Abbreviation of ar.

      Noun edit

      a m inan

      1. (metrology) Abbreviation of ar.

      Etymology 4 edit

      Inherited from Old Polish a.

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. and, but, whereas (used contrastively)
        A ty? ― And you?
        Wolisz tabletki, a ja wolę zastrzyki. ― You prefer pills whereas I prefer injections.
      2. and (used to continue a previous statement or to add to it)
        walka między dobrem a złem ― battle between good and evil
      3. and then (used to say an event will occur if some requirement is fulfilled)
        Poszukasz, a znajdziesz. ― If you seek it, then you shall find it.
      4. and (used after a verb to indicate it will last a long time)
        pracować a pracować ― to work and work (for a long time)
      5. such and such (used when the speaker does not want to be more specific, when repeating an element)
      6. is (used to show some connection between two objects which are very different from each other)
      7. what about
        Ja jestem gotowy, a ty? ― I'm ready, what about you?
      Derived terms edit
      Related terms edit

      Etymology 5 edit

      Inherited from Old Polish a.

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. ah! (used when the speaker has remembered or noticed something)

      Trivia edit

      According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), a is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 555 times in scientific texts, 307 times in news, 507 times in essays, 703 times in fiction, and 1175 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 3226 times, making it the 13th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

      References edit

      1. ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
      2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “a”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[2] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 1

      Further reading edit

      • a in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
      • a in Polish dictionaries at PWN
      • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
      • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “a”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
      • “A”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2022 May 31
      • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[30]
      • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[31]
      • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “a”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[32] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 1

      Portuguese edit

      Pronunciation edit

      letter
      article, pronoun

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Latin a, form of A, from Etruscan 𐌀 (a), from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from Egyptian 𓃾.

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      2. The first letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Noun edit

      a m (plural as)

      2. Alternative spelling of á
      Related terms edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin illa (with the disappearance of an initial l; compare Spanish la).

      Article edit

      a

      2. feminine singular of o
      Quotations edit

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:o.

      See also edit
      Portuguese articles (edit)
      Singular Plural
      Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
      Definite articles
      (the)       		o a os as
      Indefinite articles
      (a, an; some)       		um uma uns umas

      Pronoun edit

      a f (third-person singular)

      2. her, it (as a direct object; as an indirect object, see lhe; after prepositions, see ela)
        Encontrei-a na rua. ― I met her/it on the street.
      Usage notes edit
      • Becomes -la after verb forms ending in -r, -s, or -z, the pronouns nos (“us”) and vos (“plural you”), and the adverb eis (“here is; behold”); the final letter causing the change disappears.
        After ver (“to see”): Posso vê-la? — “May I see her/it?”
        After pôs (“he/she/it put”): Ele pô-la ali. — “He put her/it there.”
        After fiz (“I made; I did”): Fi-la ficar contente. — “I made her/it become happy.”
        After nos (“us”): Ela deu-no-la relutantemente. — “She gave her/it to us reluctantly.”
        After eis (“here is; behold”): Ei-la! — “Behold her/it!”
      • Becomes -na after a nasal vowel or diphthong: -ão, -am [ɐ̃w̃], -õe [õj̃], -em, -êm [ẽj̃].
        Detêm-na como prisioneira. — “They detain her/it as a prisoner.”
      • In informal Brazilian Portuguese, the nominative form ela (“she”) is more commonly used.
        Eu a vi. → Eu vi ela.: “I saw her/it.”
      Quotations edit

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      See also edit

      See Template:Portuguese personal pronouns for more.

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Old Galician-Portuguese a, from Latin ad (“to”) and ab (“from, away, by”).

      Preposition edit

      a

      2. to, introduces the indirect object
        Synonym: para
        Dê-o a mim. ― Give it to me.
        Meu coração pertence a você. ― My heart belongs to you.
      4. to; towards, indicates destination
        Synonyms: para, até
        Vamos a Paris! ― Let’s go to Paris!
      6. away, indicates a physical distance
        A vila fica a onze milhas ― The village is eleven miles away.
        Comunicação à distância. ― Communication at a distance.
      8. with; by means of, using as an instrument or means
        Synonyms: com, por meio de
        Mataram o cão a pauladas. ― They bludgeoned the dog to death. (literally, “they killed the dog with bludgeonings”)
        A cavalo. ― On horseback.
        Livro escrito a lápis. ― A book written with a pencil.
      10. with; on, using as a medium or fuel
        Quadro pintado a óleo. ― A painting painted with oil.
        Fornalha a carvão. ― Coal furnace.
      12. by, using the specified measurement; in the specified quantity
        É mais barato comprar comida ao quilo. ― It is cheaper to by food by the kilogram.
        Os fracassos ocorrem às dezenas. ― Failures occur by the dozen.
      14. (preceded and followed by the same word) by, indicates a steady progression
        Synonym: por
        Calma lá. Resolva o problema passo a passo. ― Easy there. Solve the problem step by step.
      16. in the style or manner of; a la
        Synonym: ao modo de
        Ele puxou o temperamento ao pai. ― He inherited his temperament from his father.
        Camarão à grega. ― Greek-style shrimp.
      18. (limited use, see usage notes) at, during the specified period
        Synonyms: em, de
        Dormimos à noite. ― We sleep at night.
        O filme começa às duas horas. ― The film starts at two o’clock.
      20. (rare except in set terms) at; in, indicates a location or position
        Synonym: em
        Isto fica à frente do altar. ― This stays in front of the altar.
      22. indicates the direct object, mainly to avoid confusion when it, the subject, or both are displaced, or for emphasis
        A mim ele não engana. ― He doesn’t deceive me. (literally, “To me he doesn’t deceive.”)
      24. (followed by a verb in the infinitive form) forms the present participle
        Estou a preparar a canja. ― I am preparing the chicken soup.
      26. (followed by an infinitive or present passive) to, forms the future participle
        Synonyms: para, por
        Um trabalho a ser feito. ― A job to be done.
        Nada a fazer. ― Nothing to be done.
      Usage notes edit

      When followed by a definite article, a is combined with the article to give the following combined forms:

      In the sense of to (introducing the indirect object) usage with a personal pronoun can be replaced with an indirect pronoun (me, nos, te, vos, lhe, lhes):

      • Deram um livro a ele. → Deram-lhe um livro.

      In the sense of at (during the specified period) it can be used with:

      Dia (“day”), manhã (“morning”), madrugada (“early morning”) use de (“of”) instead, which can optionally be used for tarde, noitinha and noite as well. Names of months, days of the month and of the week use em (“in”).

      Quotations edit

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Descendants edit
      • Indo-Portuguese: a
      See also edit

      Etymology 4 edit

      Alternative forms edit

      Interjection edit

      a

      2. oh, expression of mild surprise
        A, tudo bem então.
        Oh, all right then.
      Quotations edit

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Etymology 5 edit

      From homophone há.

      Verb edit

      a

      1. Misspelling of há.
      Quotations edit

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Etymology 6 edit

      From homophone à.

      Contraction edit

      a

      1. Misspelling of à.
      Quotations edit

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.

      Rapa Nui edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): /ˈa/
      • Hyphenation: a

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Proto-Polynesian *a. Cognates include Maori a and Tongan ʻa.

      Article edit

      a

      1. the personal article, used before proper nouns

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *a. Cognates include Hawaiian ā and Maori ā.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. along, towards

      References edit

      • Paulus Kieviet (2017) A grammar of Rapa Nui‎[33], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 102

      Rawang edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Suffix edit

      a

      1. verbal suffix for marking benefactive of the V.

      Pronoun edit

      a (upper case A)

      1. proximate demonstrative pronoun
        Alòng èlámò.
        Dry this one.
        Ló webǿng nàí baqòé, ngàí abǿng bakngò lé" wa.
        Well, you carry that side, I will carry this side.
        A wedø nø bvttut mvjòǃ
        Oh, it is absolutely wrong to do (it) that way.

      Romagnol edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Alternative forms edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • (Central Romagnol): IPA(key): [ˈaɐ̯]
      • (San Zaccaria): IPA(key): [ˈaɐ]

      Verb edit

      a

      1. third-person singular/plural present indicative of avér (“to have”)

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Latin ego.

      Pronoun edit

      a (plural a)

      1. (Ville Unite) I
      2. (Ville Unite) plural of a (“we”)
      3. (Ville Unite) plural of te (“you”)

      Etymology 3 edit

      Inherited from Latin ad, a (“to, toward”).

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. to; at

      Romani edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. oh, ah

      References edit

      • Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “a”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 134

      Romanian edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Romanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      See also edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Article edit

      a

      1. feminine singular of al (“of”, possessive article)

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Latin ad, from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”).

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. (used with infinitive verbs) the infinitive marker: to
        a fi ― to be
      2. (obsolete) at (now almost completely replaced by la)
      3. (used only with a few perception verbs like suna, mirosi, arăta) like, of

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Proto-Romanian, from a late Vulgar Latin *ae(t), from Latin habet.[1]

      Verb edit

      (el/ea) a (modal auxiliary, third-person singular form of avea, used with past participles to form perfect compus tenses)

      1. modal auxiliary
        (he/she) has...
        A văzut acest film?
        Has he/she seen this film?
      Usage notes edit

      a is used instead of are to form the third-person singular perfect compus.

      References edit

      1. ^ http://www.lingv.ro/RRL%201-2%202009%20Nevaci,%20Todi.pdf

      Sardinian edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Latin ac, alternative form of atque (“and, and also; as, then”).

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): /a/ (triggers final cogemination (syntactic gemination of the initial consonant of the following word) in senses 1 and 2)

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. (Nuorese) Only used in che a (“like, as”)
      2. (Campidanese) Only used in tottu a and a tottu
      3. used in the words for the numbers 17 and 19
        1. (Logudorese) Only used in degasette (“seventeen”)
        2. (Campidanese) Only used in dexasetti (“seventeen”) and degannoi (“nineteen”)
        3. (Nuorese) Only used in decassette (“seventeen”) and decannobe (“nineteen”)

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Latin ad from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”).

      Alternative forms edit

      • ad (used before vowel-initial words)
      • an (Nuorese, before words starting with d-)

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): (Logudorese, Nuorese) /a/ (triggers final cogemination (syntactic gemination of the initial consonant of the following word))
      • IPA(key): (Campidanese) /a/ (often does not trigger final cogemination)

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. indicates the indirect object; to
      2. indicates the place; in, to
      3. denotes the manner; with
        a pe' (Logudorese) ― on foot

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Latin aut (“or”), from Proto-Italic *auti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewti (“on the other hand”), derived from *h₂ew (“away from, off”). Doublet of o.

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): /a/ (triggers final cogemination (syntactic gemination of the initial consonant of the following word))

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. (central Sardinia) Used to introduce a question or an exhortation
        a benis? ― are you coming?
        a nos pasamos! ― Let's rest!
      Usage notes edit
      • Used in expressions such as a chie ... a chie ... (Logudorese, Nuorese) and a chini ... a chini ... (Campidanese)
        a chie ridet, a chie pranghet (Nuorese) ― one laughs, the other one cries (literally, “[there's] who laughs, [there's] who cries”)
        • In these expressions, e can be used instead of a, though it's not common.
      Derived terms edit

      References edit

      • Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “a1”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg
      • Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “a2”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg
      • Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “a3”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg

      Sassarese edit

      Alternative forms edit

      • ad (before a vowel)

      Etymology edit

      From Latin ad, from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd.

      Pronunciation edit

      Preposition edit

      a

      2. Used to indicate the target or recipient of an action; to, sometimes untranslated
        • 1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter VI, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew]‎[34], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 14, page 19:
          Si però no abeddi a paldunà all’ omini: nemmancu lu voltru Babbu paldunarà a voi li voltri piccaddi.
          [Si però no abeddi a pardhunà a l'omini: nemmancu lu vosthru Babbu pardhunarà a voi li vosthri piccaddi.]
          But, if you won't forgive man, neither will your Father forgive you for your sins.
        • c. 19th century, Sebastiano di Branca, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎[35], volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 1, page 59:
          Divìlu a cha t’ha mandaddu
          Ch’iltoggu com’ edda sà,
          Ch’è superflu priguntà
          Com’ iltazi un dildiciaddu.
          [Dìvvilu a ca t'ha mandaddu
          Ch'isthoggu com' edda sa
          Ch'è superfluu priguntà
          Com' isthazi un disdhicciaddu.]
          Tell it to the one who sent you, that I feel exactly like she knows; for it is superfluous to ask an unfortunate how he's doing.
        • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Spring]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Sassarese and Italian), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:
          Lu branu a me no piazi
          I don't like spring
          (literally, “The spring to me is not pleasant”)
      4. Used to indicate destination; to
        • 1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter III, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew]‎[36], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 7, page 8:
          Videndi però assai di li Farisei, e di li Sadduzzei, chi viniani a lu so’ battisgimu, li dizisi: Razza di pibbari, ca vi ha ammultraddu di fuggì dall’ira, chi debi vinì?
          [Videndi però assai di li Farisei, e di li Sadduzzei, chi vinìani a lu so' battìsgimu, li dizisi: Razza di pìbbari, ca vi ha ammusthraddu di fuggì da l’ira, chi debi vinì?]
          But he, seeing many of the Pharisees and Sadducees, who were coming to his baptism, told them: "You vipers! Who showed you to flee from the wrath that is to come?
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “Pascha d’amòri [Easter of love]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 75:
          Chi prufumi di fiòri,
          canti disìzi i lu córi!
          Giunti sò li rissignóri
          a la Pascha di l’amòri.
          Such a sweet smell of flowers; so many desires inside the heart! The nightingales have come to the Easter of love.
      6. Used to indicate purpose; to
        • 1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter II, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew]‎[37], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 23, page 7:
          E andesi a abità in la ziddai, chi si ciama Nazaret
          And he went to live in the city that is called Nazareth
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “Nò è succu nò l'amòri [No, love is not pastina]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 61:
          Sòri e luna gira gira
          zi passabani li dì.
          Trabagliaba a fà siènda.
          Sun and moon going around, the days went by. I was working to make money.
      8. Used with adverbs expressing position or proximity; to, sometimes untranslated
        • 1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter IV, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew]‎[38], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 17, page 11:
          Caminendi però Gesù vizinu a lu mari di Galilea, vidisi due fraddeddi, Scimoni, chi si ciama Peddru, e Andria so’ fraddeddu, chi gittabani la rezza in mari (palchì erani pilcadori)
          [Caminendi però Gesù vizinu a lu mari di Galilea, vidisi due fraddeddi, Scimoni, chi si ciama Peddru, e Andria so’ fraddeddu, chi gittàbani la rezza in mari (parchì érani pischadori)]
          But Jesus, walking by the Sea of Galilee, saw two brothers: Simon, named Peter, and his brother Andrew, casting a drag into the sea (for they were fishers)
          (literally, “Walking however Jesus close to the sea of Galilee, saw two brothers, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, who were throwing a net into the sea (because they were fishers)”)
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, Sassari véccia e nóba; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 77:
          Èdda è sèmpri cu la frébba
          candu noi passemu impari
          sott’a lu só balchòni.
          She always has a fever whenever we pass, together, under her balcony.
      10. Used to indicate a moment in time; at
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “In triatu [At the theater]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 78:
          Chi nuttada di duròri!
          Nò pudia più rassignammi
          ma se’ giunta a cunfurthammi
          a l’iscida di lu sòri.
          What a night of torment! I could no longer make peace with that, but you came to comfort me at the break of dawn.
          (literally, “What a night of pain! I couldn't anymore make peace, but you came to comfort me at the coming out of the sun.”)
        • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Dipididda [Departure]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Sassarese and Italian), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 15:
          Lu disthinu di l’ommu ciamba pianu,
          ma caggi a una zerth’ora […]
          The fate of man changes slowly, but it arrives at some point
      12. Used to indicate a period of time; in
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “Nò è succu nò l'amòri [No, love is not pastina]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 61:
          A li festhi, dugna tantu,
          i l’isthagnu e i lu riu
          cazzïendi a spassamira.
          In the festivities, every so often, [I was] hunting in the pond, or in the stream, to have fun.
      14. in, about, with regard to
        • c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎[39], volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 15, page 87:
          Dunca lu megliu è
          Tu pensa a la to’ pazi, ed eju a me.
          [Dunca lu mégliu è
          Tu pensa a la to' pazi, ed éiu a' me.]
          So the best [thing] is: you think about your own peace, and I [think] about myself.
        • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Un cuntaddu [A tale]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Sassarese and Italian), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 49:
          Erani amigghi cari, ma, girosi
          l’unu di l’althru, […]
          […]
          s’invintàbani umbè d’innamuraddi
          gariggendi a ca più fèmmini v'abìa.
          They were close friends, but, [being] jealous of one another, they would make up lots of lovers, competing for having the most girls.
          (literally, “They were dear friends, but, jealous one of the other, they invented lots of lovers, competing in who had the most girls.”)
      16. Used to indicate a comparison; to
        • 1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter VI, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew]‎[40], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 8, page 18:
          No vògliaddi dunca assimigliavvi a eddis. Palchì lu voltru Babbu sa lu chi è nezzessariu a voi, prima chi vi lu dimàndiaddi.
          [No vógliaddi dunca assimigliavvi a eddi. Parchì lu vosthru Babbu sa lu chi è nezzessàriu a voi, prima chi vi lu dimàndiaddi.]
          So do not be similar to them, because your Father knows what you need, before you ask him.
      18. Denotes the direct object
        • 1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter I, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju [The Gospel according to St. Matthew]‎[41], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 2, page 1:
          Abramu generesi a Isaccu. Isaccu generesi a Giacobbu. Giacobbu generesi a Giuda, e a li so’ fraddeddi.
          Abraham begot Isaac, and Isaac begot Jacob, and Jacob begot Judah and his brothers
        • c. 19th century, Gavino Serra, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎[42], volume 2 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, song 42, page 129:
          Di tanti cantendi, e tanti
          Mancuna incantesi a me,
          Ma da ch’aggiu intesu a te
          Tu sei l’unica ch’incanti.
          Of so, so many singers, not one enchanted me; yet, since I've heard you, you're the only one who enchants.
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “Tuttu m’ammentu… [I remember everything…]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina, page 123; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN:
          E nò l’aggiu iparadi chissi ingordhi
          isthruidori d’abi
          pa cuntintà a tè.
          And I didn't shoot those greedy destroyers of bees, just to make you happy.
        • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Lu trabagliu [Work]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 23:
          Abà zappu una terra asciutta e tóstha
          azzuppendi a la rocca,
          a la prunizza. […]
          Here I hoe dry, hard land, clashing against rock and thornbush.
      20. Indicates manner.
        • c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎[43], volume 2 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, song 15, page 90:
          A cori abbeltu e cun sinziriddai
          Ti diggu chi soggu omu
          [A cori abbérthu e cun sinziriddai
          Ti diggu chi soggu omu]
          With an open heart, and with honesty, I tell you that I am a man
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “In triatu [At the theater]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 78:
          E più bèdda éri di tanti
          chi i li palchi a mill’ischudi,
          a pittorri e a brazzi nudi,
          facci tinti e in brillanti,
          mi pariani puppì
          assintadi i la musthrina.
          And you were more beautiful than so many [others], who—on thousand-dollars stages, with bare breasts and arms, painted faces, and bejewelled, looked to me like dolls set in a showcase.
          (literally, “And more beautiful you were than many who on the stages for a thousand scudos, with breasts and with arms bare, faces painted and in jewels, to me seemed dolls sat in the showcase.”)
      22. Indicates shape.
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “Ischolta, Rimundì! [Listen, Raimondica!]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 70:
          Peggiu pa tè chi sei fea,
          nasu a boccia e musthazzuda,
          faccia di giàtta marruda,
          vèrdhi cument’e la zèa.
          Sucks to be you, being ugly, [with a] ball-shaped nose, and moustached, [with a] sharp catlike face, green like beet.
      24. Used to introduce a question.
        • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “Màggiu [May]”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 81:
          A mi credi, Rusì, ch’era pinsendi
          a Giuseppinu candu sarà mannu?
          Mi pari di vidéllu a cabidannu
          in mézu a tutti l’althri vinnannendi.
          Can you believe, Rosina, that I was thinking about Giuseppino, when he's going to be grown up? I can almost see him, in September, harvesting grapes amongst all the others.
          (literally, “Do you believe me, Rosina, that I was thinking about Giuseppino, when he will be big? It seems to me to see him in September in the middle of all the others harvesting grapes.”)
        • 2020 March 25, Ignazio Sanna, “Di nomme fozzu Asdrubale [My name is Asdrubale]”, in Ignazio Sanna - Prosa e poesia in sassarese‎[44]:
          Ma tu ca sei? Da undi n’accùdi? Ah, t’abìa invitaddu Antonio? A lu sai chi da abà ti baddarài di lu frèddu a la sóra?
          Who are you? Where are you from? Oh, so Antonio invited you? Do you know that from now on you're going to dance alone in the cold?

      References edit

      • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

      Satawalese edit

      Pronunciation edit

      IPA(key): /a/

      Pronoun edit

      a (third-person singular)

      1. he
      2. she
      3. it

      References edit

      Kevin M. Roddy (2007), "A Sketch Grammar Of Satawalese, The Language Of Satawal Island, Yap State, Micronesia"

      Scots edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Scots alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Middle English a, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”).

      Pronunciation edit

      Article edit

      a

      1. a, an (indefinite article)
      Usage notes edit
      • Unlike English, this form can be used before both consonant and vowel sounds. However, this is not often the case in written Scots, probably due to the influence of English. [1]
      Synonyms edit
      • (before a vowel): an

      References edit

      1. ^ https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/a_indef_art

      Etymology 3 edit

      Determiner edit

      a

      1. Alternative form of a'

      Adverb edit

      a

      1. Alternative form of a'

      Noun edit

      a (uncountable)

      1. Alternative form of a'

      References edit

      Scottish Gaelic edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): (etymologies 2-8) /ə/, (etymologies 1 and 9) /a/
      • Hyphenation: a

      Etymology 1 edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is followed by b. Its traditional name is ailm (“elm”).
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *ā. Cognates include Irish a and Welsh a.

      Particle edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. Used to mark a vocative; O
        Halò, a Ruairidh. ― Hello, (O) Roderick.

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

      Determiner edit

      a

      1. (triggers lenition) his, its
      2. (triggers H-prothesis) her, its
      See also edit
      Scottish Gaelic possessive determiners
      Singular Plural
      + C + V + C + V
      First person moL m' ar arN
      Second person doL d' ur urN
      Third person m aL — an, am1) an
      Third person f a aH
      L Triggers lenition; H Triggers H-prothesis; N Triggers eclipsis; 1) Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

      Etymology 4 edit

      From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

      Pronoun edit

      a (governs the relative form of the verb)

      1. who, which, that
        Cuin a chluinneas tu e? ― When will you hear it? (literally, “When [is it] that you will hear it?”)

      Etymology 5 edit

      From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

      Particle edit

      a (triggers H-prothesis)

      1. Used before cardinal numbers not succeded by a noun
        A bheil agad a ceithir? ― Do you have four?

      Etymology 6 edit

      From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.

      Particle edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. Used to mark the infinitive of a verb; to
        Tha mi a' dol a chadal. ― I'm going to sleep.

      Etymology 7 edit

      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Preposition edit

      a (+ dative, triggers lenition of consonants and Dh-prothesis of vowels)

      1. Reduced form of do
      2. Reduced form of de

      Etymology 8 edit

      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Particle edit

      a (triggers lenition)

      1. Form of an used before bheil
      Usage notes edit
      • Less frequently, am may be used before bheil as well.

      Etymology 9 edit

      Interjection edit

      a!

      1. ah!
      Alternative forms edit

      References edit

      • MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “a”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎[45], Stirling, →ISBN
      • Colin Mark (2003) The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 1
      • Edward Dwelly (1911) “a”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[46], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN

      Serbo-Croatian edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      See Translingual section.

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The 1st letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), followed by b.

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”).

      Conjunction edit

      a (Cyrillic spelling а)

      1. but, and (compare ȁli)
        Učio sam c(ij)elo posl(ij)epodne, a ništa nisam naučio. ― I studied for the whole afternoon, but I didn't learn anything.
        A kako biste vi to napravili? ― And how would you do that?
      2. while (on the contrary), whereas
        Stolovi su crveni, a stolice su zelene. ― The tables are red, whereas the chairs are green.
      3. (with da ne) without (usually after negative verbs)
        Ne mogu se uključiti u raspravu, a da ne napravim nered. ― I cannot enter a discussion without making a mess.
        Odlazi, a da nije rekao ni zbogom. ― He's leaving without even saying goodbye.
      4. (a ȉpāk) and yet
        Pravi prijatelj zna sve o tebi, a ipak te voli. ― The real friend knows everything about you, and yet he loves you.
      5. (a kȁmoli) not to mention, let alone
        U moru loših v(ij)esti teško je ostati objektivan, a kamoli optimističan. ― In the sea of bad news it's hard to stay objective, let alone optimistic.
      6. (a + i + da) even if
        A i da jesam to napravio, ne bi to učinilo neku razliku. ― Even if I did it, it wouldn't have made much of a difference.
      7. (a + i) and so, and also, and too
        Sviđaju mi se plavuše, a i ja se pokojoj svidim. ― I like blondes, and some of them even like me.
        Bili su žalosni, a i ja sam. ― They were sad, and so am I.

      Etymology 3 edit

      Attested since the 15th century. Probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Slovene a, Russian а (a), Lithuanian õ, Latin ō and Ancient Greek ὦ (ô). These could all derive from Proto-Indo-European interjection *ō (“oh, ah”), but each form in individual languages could easily be an independent, expressive formation.

      Interjection edit

      a (Cyrillic spelling а)

      1. oh, ah
        a da? ― oh really?

      References edit

      • “a” in Hrvatski jezični portal
      • “a” in Hrvatski jezični portal
      • Skok, Petar (1971) “a”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 1

      Sicilian edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Latin ā (the name of the letter A).

      Pronunciation edit

      Noun edit

      a f

      1. The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.; a

      Etymology 2 edit

      From the lenition of la, from the apheresis of Vulgar Latin *illa, from Latin illam, from illa.

      Pronunciation edit

      Article edit

      a f sg (m u, plural i)

      1. the (feminine singular definite article)
        Synonym: la
      Usage notes edit
      • As for other Romance languages, such as Neapolitan or Portuguese, Sicilian definite articles have undergone a consonant lenition that has led to the phonetic fall of the initial l. The use of this illiquid variant has not yet made the use of liquid variants disappear, but today it is still the prevalent use in speech and writing.
      • In the case of the production of literary texts, such as singing or poetry, or of formal and institutional texts, resorting to "liquid articles" and "liquid articulated prepositions" confers greater euphony to the text, although it may sound a form of courtly recovery.
      • Illiquid definite articles can be phonetically absorbed by the following noun. I.e: l'arancina (liquid) and ârancina (illiquid).
      Inflection edit
      Sicilian articles
      Masculine singular definite article Feminine singular definite article Masculine and feminine plural definite article
      Definite articles (liquid) lu la li
      Definite articles (illiquid) u a i
      Definite articles nu
      (also: un,'n)       		na

      Etymology 3 edit

      From the lenition of la, from the apheresis of Vulgar Latin *illa, from Latin illam, from illa.

      Alternative forms edit

      • la (liquid form)

      Pronunciation edit

      Pronoun edit

      a f sg (plural i, masculine u)

      1. (accusative) her
        Synonym: la
        A canusci? ― Do you know her?
      2. (accusative) it, this or that thing
        Synonym: la
        Quannu tâ desi. ― When I gave it to you.
      Usage notes edit
      • This pronoun can blend in contracted forms with other particles, especially other personal pronominal particles.
      Inflection edit
      Sicilian pronominal particles
      Masculine singular pronominal particles Feminine singular pronominal particles Masculine and feminine plural pronominal particles
      mi mû mâ mî
      ti tû tâ tî
      ci ci u ci a cî
      ni nû nâ nî
      vi vû vâ vî
      ci ci u ci a cî

      Etymology 4 edit

      From the merge of Latin ad and ab.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. indicates the indirect object; to
        Porta stu panaru â nanna.
        Bring this basket to grandma.
        Ê jatti ci piàciunu i pisci.
        Cats like fish.
        (literally, “Fish are pleasable to cats.”)
        E mû dumanni a mìa?
        You're asking that to me?
      2. indicates the place, used in some contexts, in others in is used; in, to
        Jemu â casa?
        Can we go home?
        (literally, “Can we go to the home?”)
        Cchiui staju a Palermu, a Ruma cci tornu dumani.
        I'm in Palermo now, I'll go back to Rome tomorrow.
      4. denotes the manner; with
        a pedi, a muzzu ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
      5. denotes the direct object, but only if it's not preceded by articles
        Chiama a Paulu.
        Call Paolo.
        E nun ni vidisti cchiui a nuiautri?
        And you didn't see us?
        the "us" here is repeated twice for emphasis
        Ascutassi a mìa, signù!
        Listen to me, ma'am!
      Usage notes edit
      • When followed by a word that begins with a vowel sound, the form ad (also rhotacized as ar) is used instead.
      • When followed by the definite article, a combines with the article to produce the following combined forms:
      a + article Combined form
      a + u ô
      a + lu a lu
      a + a â
      a + la a la
      a + i ê
      a + li a li

      Etymology 5 edit

      Verb edit

      a

      1. Misspelling of àvi.

      Silesian edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): /ˈa/
      • Rhymes: -a
      • Syllabification: a

      Etymology 1 edit

      The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and a for development of the glyph itself.

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Inherited from Old Polish a.

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. and (used to continue a previous statement or to add to it)
      2. and, but, whereas (used contrastively)
      3. and then (used to say an event will occur if some requirement is fulfilled)
      4. and (used for clairification)

      Particle edit

      a

      1. intensifies agreement

      Etymology 3 edit

      Inherited from Old Polish a, from Proto-Slavic *a.

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. interjection that expresses various emotions; ah!

      Further reading edit

      • a in dykcjonorz.eu
      • a in silling.org

      Skolt Sami edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      See Translingual section.

      Letter edit

      a (upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Borrowed from Russian а (a) 'but'.[1]

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. but
      2. how, what about

      References edit

      1. ^ Juutinen, Markus. 2022. “Russian Loanwords in Skolt Saami”. Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen 2022 (67):75–126. https://doi.org/10.33339/fuf.110737.

      Further reading edit

      • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[47], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

      Slovak edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Latin a, form of A, from Etruscan 𐌀 (a), from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from Egyptian 𓃾.

      Letter edit

      a (upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”).

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. and
      Derived terms edit

      Further reading edit

      • “a”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

      Slovene edit

       
      Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia sl

      Etymology 1 edit

      From Gaj's Latin alphabet a, from Czech alphabet a, modification of capital A, itself derived from the Etruscan letter 𐌀 (a), from the Ancient Greek letter Α (A, “alpha”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓃾.

      Pronunciation edit

      • (phoneme, tonal variety): IPA(key): /áː/, /àː/, /ʌ́/, /a/, [â], [ǎ]
      • (phoneme, non-tonal variety): IPA(key): /aː/, /a/
      • (letter name): IPA(key): /àː/, /áː/
      • Audio (letter name, non-tonal):(file)
      • Rhymes: -aː
      • Homophone: a

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      2. The first letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
      3. The first letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      Symbol edit

      a

      1. (SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [a].

      Noun edit

      ā m inan

      1. The name of the Latin script letter A / a.
      2. The name of the phonemes /a, aː, ʌ/.
      Inflection edit
      • Overall more common
       
      		 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
      Masculine inan., soft o-stem
      nom. sing. ā
      gen. sing. ā-ja
      singular dual plural
      nominative
      (imenovȃlnik)       		ā ā-ja ā-ji
      genitive
      (rodȋlnik)       		ā-ja ā-jev ā-jev
      dative
      (dajȃlnik)       		ā-ju ā-jema ā-jem
      accusative
      (tožȋlnik)       		ā ā-ja ā-je
      locative
      (mẹ̑stnik)       		ā-ju ā-jih ā-jih
      instrumental
      (orọ̑dnik)       		ā-jem ā-jema ā-ji
      • More common when with a definite adjective
      Masculine inan., no endings
      nom. sing. ā
      gen. sing. ā
      singular dual plural
      nominative ā ā ā
      accusative ā ā ā
      genitive ā ā ā
      dative ā ā ā
      locative ā ā ā
      instrumental ā ā ā

      Derived terms edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Attested since the 18th century. Probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Serbo-Croatian a, Russian а (a), Lithuanian õ, Latin ō and Ancient Greek ὦ (ô). These could all derive from Proto-Indo-European interjection *ō (“oh, ah”), but each form in individual languages could easily be an independent, expressive formation.

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): /àː/, /áː/, /á/
      • Audio (non-tonal, long):(file)
      • Audio (non-tonal, short):(file)

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. oh
      2. Used at the end of a sentence for confirmation, similarly to 'didn't I' in English.
        Tega nisi pričakoval, a? ― You did not expect this, did you?
      Synonyms edit

      Etymology 3 edit

      From Proto-Slavic *a, from Proto-Indo-European *ō̃t, which is ablative form of Proto-Indo-European *e- 'this'. Cognates with Serbo-Croatian a, Russian а (a) and Czech a.

      Pronunciation edit

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. but
        Synonyms: in, pa, toda, vendar

      Particle edit

      a

      1. contracted form of ali, particle used to form a yes- no question.
        Synonyms: kaj, ali

      See also edit

      Further reading edit

      • “a”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

      Slovincian edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • IPA(key): /ˈa/
      • Syllabification: a

      Etymology 1 edit

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“and; but”).

      Conjunction edit

      a

      1. and
        Synonym: ë
      2. and, but, whereas
      Derived terms edit
      conjunctions

      Etymology 2 edit

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“ah!”).

      Interjection edit

      a

      1. ah!
        Synonyms: ach, ach, o

      References edit

      Spanish edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A)

      1. The first letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      Noun edit

      a f (plural aes)

      1. Name of the letter A.
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      From Latin ad (“to”).

      Alternative forms edit

      • (obsolete) á
      • (obsolete) à

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. to
        • 1605, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Don Quijote de la Mancha1, Chapter I:
          Tenía en su casa una ama que pasaba de los cuarenta y una sobrina que no llegaba a los veinte, y un mozo de campo y plaza que así ensillaba el rocín como tomaba la podadera.
          He had in his house a housekeeper past forty, a niece under twenty, and a lad for the field and market-place, who used to saddle the hack as well as handle the billhook.
      2. by
      3. at
      4. Used before words referring to people, pets, or personified objects or places that function as direct objects: personal a.
        Lo busca a usted.
        He is looking for you.
      Usage notes edit
      • Personal a is not translated into English.
      Derived terms edit
      See also edit

      Sranan Tongo edit

      Pronoun edit

      a

      1. he, she, it
        • ca. 1765, Pieter van Dyk, Nieuwe en nooit bevoorens geziene Onderwyzinge in het Bastert, of Neeger Engels, zoo als het zelve in de Hollandsze Colonien gebruikt word [New and unprecedented instruction in Bastard or Negro English, as it is used in the Dutch colonies]‎[50], Frankfurt/Madrid: Iberoamericana, retrieved 20 March 2021:
          Odi mijn heer hoe fa joe tan gran tanki fo myn heer a komi ja fo loeke da pranasie wan trom.
          Good day, Sir, how are you? Many thanks to Sir, (that) he has come here to look at the plantation on this occasion.

      Article edit

      a (singular)

      1. the

      Usage notes edit

      Sranan Tongo makes no difference between singular and plural forms, except for pronouns and determiners and the definite article. Common nouns referring to a collection of similar items are usually treated as singular where in English they would be grammatically plural, and so are referred to with singular pronouns and determiners and the singular definite article.

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. at, to
        Synonym: na

      Particle edit

      a

      1. (copula) to be (used with a noun phrase as complement)
        Synonym: na

      Usage notes edit

      This particle is only used when the temporal aspect is unmarked, whether for timeless facts, or for statements where time is not considered relevant.

      Sumerian edit

      Romanization edit

      a

      1. Romanization of 𒀀 (a)

      Swahili edit

      Particle edit

      -a

      1. The genitive particle; adjectival particle; of
        kitabu cha mtoto ― child's book
        kiini cha yai ― egg yolk (literally, “center of egg”)
        • 18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi‎[51], stanza 9:
          كِطَّمْسِكِزَ گَوُجُهَّالِ ، نُرُ نَمِيَاغَ اِتَظَلَالِ
          Kiṭamsi-kiza cha-ujuhali, nuru na-mianga itaẓalali
          Brightness and lights will overcome the shadow and darkness of ignorance

      Usage notes edit

      Inflection edit

      Inflected forms of -a
      Noun class singular plural
      m-wa class(I/II) wa wa
      m-mi class(III/IV) wa ya
      ji-ma class(V/VI) la ya
      ki-vi class(VII/VIII) cha vya
      n class(IX/X) ya za
      u class(XI) wa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
      pa class(XVI) pa
      ku class(XVII) kwa
      mu class(XVIII) mwa

      See also edit

      Swedish edit

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. from (very formal, seldom used outside written formal texts.)

      Usage notes edit

      See also edit

      Letter edit

      a (name a, uppercase form A)

      1. The first letter of the Swedish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      See also edit

      Adverb edit

      a (not comparable)

      1. (colloquial) Alternative form of aa

      Tagalog edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Borrowed from Spanish a. Each pronunciation has a different source:

      • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English a.
      • Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜀ (a).
      • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish a.

      Pronunciation edit

      • (Standard Tagalog)
        • IPA(key): /ˈʔej/ [ˈʔɛɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
        • IPA(key): /ˈʔa/ [ˈʔa] (letter name, Abakada alphabet, Abecedario)
          • Rhymes: -a
        • IPA(key): /ˈa/ [ˈa] (phoneme, stressed)
          • Rhymes: -a
        • IPA(key): /a/ [ɐ] (phoneme, unstressed)
      • Syllabification: a

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜌ᜔)

      1. The first letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called ey and written in the Latin script.

      Letter edit

      a (lower case, upper case A, Baybayin spelling ᜀ)

      1. The first letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called a and written in the Latin script.
      2. (historical) The first letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called a and written in the Latin script.
      See also edit

      Noun edit

      a (Baybayin spelling ᜀ)

      1. the name of the Latin-script letter A/a, in the Abakada alphabet
        Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) ey
      2. (historical) the name of the Latin-script letter A/a, in the Abecedario
        Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) ey
      Related terms edit
      See also edit

      Etymology 2 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Interjection edit

      a (Baybayin spelling ᜀ)

      1. ah: an exclamation of pity, admiration or surprise
        A! Kailan namatay ang iyong ina? ― Ah! When did your mother die?
      2. oh (expression of understanding or realization)
        Synonym: aw

      Alternative forms edit

      Etymology 3 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Interjection edit

      a (Baybayin spelling ᜀ)

      1. (informal) ouch (expression of pain)
        Synonyms: aray, aw
      Alternative forms edit

      Etymology 4 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Particle edit

      a (Baybayin spelling ᜀ)

      1. Alternative form of ha (sentence-ending particle)
      Alternative forms edit

      Further reading edit

      • “a”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

      Tarantino edit

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. in
      2. at
      3. to

      Tày edit

      Pronunciation edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Particle edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. alright?; okay?; will you?
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      2. already
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Derived terms edit
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      From The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. Cognate with The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. paternal aunt
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      2. younger sister
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Derived terms edit
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      References edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Tok Pisin edit

      Etymology edit

      Imitative or onomatopoeia.

      Interjection edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. eh?
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Tokelauan edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 1 edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired. From The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. Cognates include The time allocated for running scripts has expired. and The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Article edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Derived terms edit
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      See also edit
      Tokelauan articles
      Impersonal
      singular plural
      Definite The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Indefinite The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Personal
      Nominal Pronominal
      Simple The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      After The time allocated for running scripts has expired./The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      After The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      From The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. Cognates include The time allocated for running scripts has expired. and The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Preposition edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.; of
      See also edit
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      References edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Tooro edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Particle edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.; The time allocated for running scripts has expired.; of

      Declension edit

      Inflected forms of The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Noun class indefinite definite
      singular plural singular plural
      1/2 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      3/4 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      5/6 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      7/8 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      9/10 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      11/10 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      12/14 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      13 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      14/6 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      15/6 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      16 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      18 The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      References edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Turkish edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      See also edit

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      See also edit

      Turkmen edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      See also edit

      Tyap edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      Interjection edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. ah (expression of surprise, question)
      2. eh (expression of reluctance)

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. you (2nd person subject singular personal pronoun)

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. he/she (3rd person singular personal pronoun)

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. they (indefinite) (3rd person plural personal pronoun)

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      See also edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.


      Upper Sorbian edit

      Conjunction edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. and
      2. the (establishing a parallel between two comparatives)
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Further reading edit

      • “a” in Soblex

      Vietnamese edit

      Pronunciation edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 1 edit

      Borrowed from The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, called The time allocated for running scripts has expired. and written in the Latin script.

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[A#The time allocated for running scripts has expired.|A]]/[[a#The time allocated for running scripts has expired.|a]].The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      See also edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      Noun edit

      (classifier The time allocated for running scripts has expired.) The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. a cutting tool consisting of two blades inserted into a long handle to cut grass or to harvest rice
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 3 edit

      Verb edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. to rush or charge forward at
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 4 edit

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 5 edit

      Particle edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 6 edit

      Interjection edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Votic edit

      Pronunciation edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 1 edit

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      Etymology 2 edit

      Borrowed from The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Conjunction edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. but (Following a negative clause or sentence) On the contrary, but rather
      2. However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand

      Etymology 3 edit

      Natural. Compare The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Interjection edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. ah!, oh!
      2. oops!
      3. ouch!

      See also edit

      References edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Walloon edit

      Etymology edit

      From The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Preposition edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. at

      Welsh edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Alternative forms edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, called The time allocated for running scripts has expired. and written in the Latin script. It is followed by The time allocated for running scripts has expired..
      Mutation edit
      • a cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take The time allocated for running scripts has expired., for example with the word The time allocated for running scripts has expired.:

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Derived terms edit
      • Digraph sequences: The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      See also edit

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[A#The time allocated for running scripts has expired.|A]]/[[a#The time allocated for running scripts has expired.|a]].The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Mutation edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Verb edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Synonyms edit
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 3 edit

      From The time allocated for running scripts has expired., from The time allocated for running scripts has expired., from The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (compare The time allocated for running scripts has expired. and The time allocated for running scripts has expired.).

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Conjunction edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. and
      Synonyms edit
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 4 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. that, which, who (used in 'direct' relative clauses, i.e. where the pronoun refers to the subject or the direct object of an inflected verb (as opposed to a periphrastic construction with bod, to be)).
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Usage notes edit
      1. a is not used with the third person singular present of the verb bod, where the relative verb form sydd is used instead
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        not *Y dyn a yw'n ifanc
      2. a is not used in indirect relative clauses, where the pronoun is part of a genitive or periphrastic construction. Instead the second relative pronoun y is used
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        not *Y dyn a oedd ei chwaer yma

      West Makian edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Verb edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. to be cooked
      2. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. to be done, finished
      Conjugation edit
      Conjugation of a (stative verb)
      singular plural
      inclusive exclusive
      1st person The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      2nd person The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      3rd person inanimate The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      animate The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      imperative —, The time allocated for running scripts has expired. —, The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Verb edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Usage notes edit

      The verb a ("to eat") takes the same verbal prefixes that directional verbs do.

      Conjugation edit
      Conjugation of a (directional verb)
      singular plural
      inclusive exclusive
      1st person The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      2nd person The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      3rd person inanimate The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      animate
      imperative The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      References edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Yola edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired. From The time allocated for running scripts has expired., from The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Alternative forms edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Article edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. the, in later times the.
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      From The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., from The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Alternative forms edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Article edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. one
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 3 edit

      Unstressed form of The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Preposition edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. on
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 4 edit

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 5 edit

      Preposition edit

      a

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      References edit

      Yoruba edit

      Etymology 1 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, called The time allocated for running scripts has expired. and written in the Latin script.

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[A#The time allocated for running scripts has expired.|A]]/[[a#The time allocated for running scripts has expired.|a]].The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      See also edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      Likely a The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. we (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.)
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      Usage notes edit

      Similar to other shortened subject pronouns, its usage is restricted and can only be found directly before a verb or pre-verbal marker. It cannot be used with particles/discourse markers such as The time allocated for running scripts has expired. or conjunctions such as The time allocated for running scripts has expired., The time allocated for running scripts has expired., and The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. In those cases, The time allocated for running scripts has expired. must be used instead.

      Etymology 3 edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. him, her, it (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.)
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. him, her, it (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.)
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
        The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      See also edit

      See Template:yo-personal pronouns.

      Yucatec Maya edit

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. you (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.)

      Zazaki edit

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      See also edit

      Pronoun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. she

      Zhuang edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 1 edit

      Compare The time allocated for running scripts has expired..

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. crow
      Synonyms edit
      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Etymology 2 edit

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. mother

      Etymology 3 edit

      Particle edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Zou edit

      Pronunciation edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Noun edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. hen

      References edit

      • The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      Zulu edit

      Letter edit

      The time allocated for running scripts has expired.

      1. The The time allocated for running scripts has expired. letter of the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. alphabet, written in the Latin script.

      See also edit

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