Bulgarian

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Etymology

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The primary stative meaning continues the imperfective Proto-Slavic *stojati, while the dialectal punctual meaning reflects the perfective Proto-Slavic *stojiti.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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стоя́ (stojá) first-singular present indicativeimpf

  1. (stative, intransitive) to stand still, to stay
    Той стоеше до дървото.
    Toj stoeše do dǎrvoto.
    He was standing next to the tree.
    Войникът стои на страж.
    Vojnikǎt stoi na straž.
    The soldier stays on guard.
    Стой!
    Stoj!
    Stop! / Don't move! / Stay still!
  2. (stative, intransitive) to be in position, to occupy a state
    Строежът стои в начална фаза.
    Stroežǎt stoi v načalna faza.
    The construction work is in initial stage.
    Важна задача стои пред нас.
    Važna zadača stoi pred nas.
    An important task is ahead of us.
  3. (transitive, dialectal) to halt, to immobilize (obsolete)
    Стойте го магарето, да не бяга!
    Stojte go magareto, da ne bjaga!
    [You all] hold the donkey [in order] not to run away!
  4. (reflexive with се, dialectal) to get in position, to take place (in some Eastern dialects, incl. Banat Bulgarian)
    Стои му се такава съдба.
    Stoi mu se takava sǎdba.
    He has brought this fate onto himself.
    Миналата седмица се стои голямо събитие.
    Minalata sedmica se stoi goljamo sǎbitie.
    Last week, a big event took place.

Conjugation

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Standard:

Dialectal, rare:

Dialectal, rare:

Derived terms

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References

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  • стоя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стоя̀”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 480
  • стоя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Russian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Participle

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сто́я (stója)

  1. present adverbial imperfective participle of стоя́ть (stojátʹ)

Adverb

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сто́я (stója)

  1. standing, upright (in or into an upright position)

Etymology 2

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Participle

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сто́я (stója)

  1. present adverbial imperfective participle of сто́ить (stóitʹ)