See also: بنك, تنك, بنگ, and تنک

Persian

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (tng /⁠tang⁠/, narrow, tight), from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (to compact),[1] perhaps from *ten- (to stretch). Cognate with تنجیدن (tanjidan, to squeeze), as well as Old Armenian թանկ (tʻank), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? tang
Dari reading? tang
Iranian reading? tang
Tajik reading? tang

Adjective

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Dari تنگ
Iranian Persian
Tajik танг

تنگ (tang) (comparative تنگ‌تَر, superlative تنگ‌تَرین)

  1. narrow, strait
  2. tight, fitting tightly
  3. sick at heart, distraught; (with دل (heart)) missing (something), longing for
    دلم برات تنگ شده.
    del-am barâ-t tang šode.
    I miss you.
    (literally, “My heart has become tight for you.”)
  4. distressful, difficult
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 784:
      از وی این دنیای خوش بر تست تنگ
      از پی او با حق و با خلق جنگ
      az way īn dunyā-i xwaš bar tō-st tang
      az pay-i ō bā haq u bā xalq jang
      Through it this fair world is narrow [distressful] to you,
      for its sake [you are at] war with God and man.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
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  • تنک (tonok, tightness)
  • تنگ آغوش (tang âġuš, tight hugger)
  • تنگدست (tangdast, poor, literally tight-handed)
  • تنگنا (tangnâ, defile, narrow place)
  • تنگی (tangi, thin)
  • دلتنگ (deltang, nostalgic, despondent, literally tight-hearted)
  • چشم تنگ (česm tang, stingy, literally tight-eyed)

Etymology 2

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Via Chagatai from Chinese (MC thuwngX|duwngX, “tub, keg”)

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? tung
Dari reading? tung
Iranian reading? tong
Tajik reading? tung

Noun

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تنگ (tong)

  1. flagon, carafe, decanter

Etymology 3

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Via Chagatai from Chinese (MC tojX|tongX, “equal; sort, type, etc.”), or specifically (“small steelyard for weighing money and similar items”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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تنگ (teng, tang)

  1. a bundle on one half of a beast of burden, package, ass-load
  2. a girth, a strap, a band, a brace
  3. a wooden instrument with iron teeth used in separating rice from the chaff
  4. a machine for making powder
  5. an oil-press

References

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  1. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 377-8

Further reading

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  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1965) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)‎[1] (in German), volume II, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 574–577, Nr. 941 and 942
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “تنگ”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “دنگ”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

Sindhi

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit [Term?].

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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تَنگ (tāng) (Devanagari तान्ग्)

  1. narrow

References

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  • Khānu, Balocu (19601988) “تنگ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

Urdu

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian تنگ (tang).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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تنگ (taṅg) (Hindi spelling तंग)

  1. tight, narrow
  2. troubled, distressed, vexed
  3. distracted, bothered

Derived terms

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