فتنه

See also: فتنة

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِتْنَة (fitna).

Noun

فتنه • (fitne) (definite accusative فتنه‌یی (fitneyi), plural فتن (fiten))

1. temptation, enticement, evil suggestion, the desire to engage in short-term urges

   Synonyms: اغوا (iğva), وسوسه (vesvese)

2. trial, proof, test, assay, an occasion on which a person or thing is tested
3. sedition, the organized incitement of rebellion against an authority or the state

   Synonym: فساد (fesad)

4. intrigue, a clandestine plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose

   Synonym: فساد (fesad)

5. (Islam) fitna, a social unrest or civil war that breeds schism among Muslims

Derived terms

• فتنه اولمق (fitne olmak, “to be a temptation”)
• فتنه ایتمك (fitne etmek, “to intrigue mischievously”)
• فتنه باصدرمق (fitne basdırmak, “to put down sedition”)
• فتنه باصمق (fitne basmak, “for troubles, to break out”)
• فتنه جو (fitne cu, “who seeks to excite troubles”)
• فتنه قویمق (fitne koymak, “for rebellion, to break out”)
• فتنه ویرمك (fitne virmek, “to make a mischievous suggestion”)
• فتنه‌جی (fitneci, “intriguing disturber”)
• فتنه‌لك (fitnelik, “quality or act of a disturber”)
• فتنه‌لمك (fitnelemek, “to incite”)
• فتنه‌لنمك (fitnelenmek, “to be seduced”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: fitne

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “fitne”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1601
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “fitne”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 322
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فتنه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 886
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Tentamen”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1660
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فتنه”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 3466
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fitne”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فتنه”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1365

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِتْنَة (fitna).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [fit.ˈna]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fɪt̪.nǽ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fɪt̪.nǽ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [fɪt̪.nǽ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [fit̪.nǽ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [fet̪.né]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [fit̪.nǽ]

Readings
Classical reading?	fitna
Dari reading?	fitna
Iranian reading?	fetne
Tajik reading?	fitna

Noun

فتنه • (fetne)

1. sedition, riot, disturbance, revolt
2. conspiracy, plot, intrigue
3. wickedness, iniquity
4. seduction, temptation
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 701:

     عشق او پیدا و معشوقش نهان
     یار بیرون فتنه‏ی او در جهان‏

     'išq-i ō paydā u ma'šūq-aš nihān
     yār bērūn fitna-i ō dar jahān

     His love is manifest and his Beloved is hidden:
     the Friend is outside (of the world), (but) His fascination is in the world.

5. calamity
6. nuisance, trouble

References

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “فتنه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim