نیل

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian نیل (nil, “indigo”), from Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl), ultimately from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark blue”).

Noun

نیل • (nil) (definite accusative نیلی (nili), plural نیللر (niller))

1. indigo, a purplish-blue dye obtained from certain plants, such as the indigo plant or woad

   Synonyms: بویا چیویتی (boya çiviti), چیویت (çivit)

2. indigo, any leguminous plant of the genus Indigofera, but especially Indigofera tinctoria

   Synonym: چیویت (çivit)

3. daub of indigo on the face used as a mark of grief or of shame, or, to avert the evil eye

Derived terms

• نیلج (nilec, “indigo”)
• نیلفام (nilfam, “indigo-coloured”)
• نیلك (nilek, “a blue discoloration of the skin”)
• نیلكون (nilgün, “indigo-coloured”)
• نیله (nile, “indigo”)
• نیلی (nilî, “blueness”)

Descendants

• Turkish: nil

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 833
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “nil”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3548
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “نیل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 486b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1295
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Indicum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 781
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نیل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, columns 5303-5304
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نیل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2118

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic النِّيل (an-nīl, “the Nile”), itself from Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos).

Proper noun

نیل • (nil)

1. Nile (a river in Africa)

Derived terms

• نیل ابیض (nil-i ebyâz, “White Nile”)
• نیل ازرق (nil-i ezrâk, “Blue Nile”)
• نیل زنج (nil-i zenc, “Niger”)
• نیل سودان (nil-i sudan, “Niger”)
• نیل مبارك (nil-i mübârek, “Nile of Egypt”)
• نیلی (nilî, “pertaining to the Nile”)

Descendants

• Turkish: Nil

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 833
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “Nîl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[6] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1002
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “نیل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[7], Vienna: F. Beck, page 486b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[8], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1295
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Nilus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[9], Vienna, column 1139
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نیل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[10], Vienna, columns 5303-5304
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نیل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[11], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2118

Pahari-Potwari

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit [Term?].

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈniː.lə̆/

Numeral

نِیل (nīl)

1. (rare) ten trillion

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [niːl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [niːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [nil̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [nil]

Readings
Classical reading?	nīl
Dari reading?	nīl
Iranian reading?	nil
Tajik reading?	nil

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl), from Sanskrit नील (nīla).

Noun

Dari	نیل
Iranian Persian
Tajik	нил

نیل • (nil)

1. indigo
   • c. 1080, Kaykāwūs, Qābūs-nāma:

     تا رنج کهتری بر خود ننهی به آسایش مهتری نرسی، نبینی که تا برگ نیل پوسیده نگردد نیل نشود.

     tā ranj-i kihtarī bar xwad na-nihī ba āsāyiš-i mihtarī na-rasī, na-bēnī ki tā barg-i nīl pōsīda na-gardad nīl na-šawad.

     You shall not reach the comfort of being a superior until you have gone through the toil of being a subordinate. Do you not see that [the dye] indigo is not produced until the indigo leaves rot?

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• نیلی (nili)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: नील (nīl)

  Urdu: نیل (nīl)

• → Middle Armenian: նիլ (nil)
• → Ottoman Turkish: نیل (nil)
  • Turkish: nil
• → Punjabi: ਨੀਲ (nīl), نیل (nīl)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).

Proper noun

Dari	نیل
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Нил

نیل • (nil)

1. the Nile

   رود نیل ― rud-e nil ― the River Nile

   رودخانه نیل ― rudxâne-ye nil ― the River Nile

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: नील (nīl)

  Urdu: نِیل (nīl)

• → Punjabi: ਨੀਲ (nīl), نیل (nīl)

Punjabi

Western Panjabi numbers ^(edit)

←  10,000,000 (107)	←  100,000,000,000 (1011)	۱,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰۰ 1013	1015  →
Cardinal: نِیل (nīl)

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit [Term?]. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈniː.lə̆/

Numeral

نِیل • (nīl) (Gurmukhi spelling ਨੀਲ)

1. (rare) ten trillion

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark blue”).

Noun

نیل • (nīl) m (Hindi spelling नील)

1. indigo (dye)
2. (botany) indigo (plant from which the bluish dye is obtained)
3. bruise (bruise)

Adjective

نیل • (nīl) (Hindi spelling नील)

1. indigo (color)

See also

Colors in Urdu · رنگ (raṅg) (layout · text)

سفید (safẽd), ابیض (abyaz)	سرمئی (sarma'ī), خاکستری (xākistarī), دھوسر (dhūsar)	کالا (kālā), سیاہ (siyāh), اسود (asvad)
سرخ (surx), لال (lāl), قرمزی (qirmizī), احمر (ahmar)	مالٹائی (mālṭāī), نارنجی (nāranjī), نارنگی (nārangī); بھورا (bhūrā), بادامی (bādāmī), خاکی (xākī), مٹیالا (maṭiālā)	پیلا (pīlā), زرد (zard), اصفر (asfar), بسنتی (basantī)
پستہ (pistah), انگوری (aṅgūrī), دھانی (dhānī)	سبز (sabz), ہرا (harā)
فیروزی (fērozī)	آسمانی (āsmānī), نیلگوں (nīlgū̃), لاجوردی (lājvardī), آبی (ābī), آبگوں (ābgū̃)	نیلا (nīlā), ازرق (azraq)
نیل (nīl), بنفشی (banafśī), بنفش (banafś)	جامنی (jāmnī), اودا (ūdā), ارغوانی (arġavānī), بیگنی (bēganī), بینگنی (bēnganī), بینجنی (bēnjanī)	گلابی (gulābī), پیازی (pīāzī)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian نیل (nīl), from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).

Proper noun

نیل • (nīl) m (Hindi spelling नील)

1. the Nile

   دریائے نیل ― daryā-e Nīl ― the Nile river

Etymology 3

Noun

نیل • (nīl) ?

1. bruise