ܐܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

ܐܬܐ ܕܐܡܘܬ̈ܐ ܡܚܝ̈ܕܬܐ

From Aramaic אָתָא (ʾāṯā), from Proto-Semitic *awayat-, cognate with Hebrew אוֹת (ot, “sign”) and Arabic آية (ʔāya, “sign”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːθɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːθɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːtɑː]

Noun

ܐܵܬ݂ܵܐ • (āṯā) f (plural ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (āṯwāṯē))

1. flag, banner

   ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܲܚ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܚܸܕ݂ܝܹ̈ܐ ܒܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܕܡܲܩܸܡܲܚ ܐܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܐܵܫܘܿܪܵܝܬ݂ܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܥܪܵܪܵܐ.

   bit hāwaḥ rābā ḥiḏyē b-yāwmā d-maqqimaḥ āṯā āšōrāyṯā ˁal ˁrārā.

   We will be very happy the day that we raise the Assyrian flag on the flagpole.

2. symbol, sign, mark

   Synonyms: ܢܝܼܫܲܢܩܵܐ (nīšanqā), ܪܸܡܙܵܐ (rimzā), ܫܘܼܘܕܵܥܵܐ (šūwdāˁā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܵܬ݂ܵܐ (āṯā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܐܵܬ݂ܝܼ (āṯī)		ܐܵܬ݂ܲܢ (āṯan)
	construct	ܐܵܬ݂ (āṯ)	2nd person	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (āṯūḵ)	ܐܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (āṯāḵ)	ܐܵܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (āṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܵܬ݂ܵܐ (āṯā)	3rd person	ܐܵܬ݂ܹܗ (āṯēh)	ܐܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (āṯāh)	ܐܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (āṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܝܼ̈ (āṯwātī)		ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܲܢ̈ (āṯwātan)
	construct	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬ̈ (āṯwāt)	2nd person	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (āṯwātūḵ)	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ (āṯwātāḵ)	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (āṯwātāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܹ̈ܐ (āṯwātē)	3rd person	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܘܼ̈ܗܝ (āṯwātūh)	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (āṯwātōh)	ܐܵܬ݂ܘܵܬܗ̈ܘܿܢ (āṯwāthōn)

Derived terms

• ܐܵܬ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (āṯūṯā, “letter, consonant, character”)

Etymology 2

Root
ܐ ܬ ܐ (ˀ t ˀ)
5 terms

From Aramaic אֲתָא (ʾaṯā); related to Ugaritic 𐎀𐎚𐎆 (ảtw, “come”), Arabic أَتَى (ʔatā, “come”) and Ge'ez አተወ (ʾätäwä, “go home”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːθeː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːθeː]
• (Upper Tyari) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːʃeː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːteː]

Verb

ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ • (āṯē) (present participle ܐ݇ܬ݂ܵܝܵܐ (ṯāyā), past participle ܐܸܬ݂ܝܵܐ (iṯyā))

1. to come

   ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܝܼ ― ṯē lī ― I am coming (literally, “I have come”)

   ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐܵܣܝܵܐ ܥܲܕܠܵܐ؟ ― ṯē lēh āsyā ˁadlā? ― Has the doctor come yet?

   ܣܸܬ݂ܘܵܐ ܒܹܐ݇ܬ݂ܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ. ― siṯwā bēṯāyā ìlēh. ― Winter is coming.

   ܟܹܐ ܐܵܬ݂ܹܝܢ ܠܟܸܣܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܚܕ݂ܵܐ ܓܵܗܵܐ ܒܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ. ― kē āṯēn lkislāwḵōn ḥḏā gāhā b-šāḇōˁā. ― I come to your place once a week.

2. to come to, to cost

   ܐܵܗܵܐ ܐܸܬ݂ܝܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܠܣܘܼܝܵܟ݂ܵܐ ܕ-30$. ― āhā iṯyā ìlēh l-sūyāḵā d-30$. ― This has come to a total of $30.

   ܪܵܒܵܐ ܡܸܢܕܝܼܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܒܸܬ ܐܵܬ݂ܝܼ ܠܒܲܗܪܵܐ ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܚܲܕܬܵܐ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܫܸܪܝܵܐ.

   rābā mindīyānē bit āṯī l-bahrā īman d-kṯāḇā ḥadtā hāwē širyā.

   A lot of things will come to light when the new book is released.

   ܡܕܲܒܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ ܕܓܲܒܵܐ ܡܓܵܘ ܦܲܪܠܵܡܵܢ ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܠܣܘܼܙܓܵܪܵܐ.

   mdabrānē d-gabbā m-gāw parlāmān ṯē lhōn l-suzgārā.

   The party leaders in parliament came to an agreement.

3. with ܠܹܗ ܠ- (lēh l-) to acquire, obtain

   Synonym: ܗܵܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܠ- (hāwē lēh l-)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ (āṯē)

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܝܼ (ṯē lī)	ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ṯē lūḵ)	ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܹܗ (ṯē lēh)	ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܲܢ (ṯē lan)	ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṯē lāwḵōn)	ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (ṯē lhōn)
	f		ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ṯē lāḵ)	ܐ݇ܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (ṯē lāh)
non-past	m	ܐܵܬ݂ܹܝܢ (āṯēn)	ܐܵܬ݂ܹܝܬ (āṯēt)	ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ (āṯē)	ܐܵܬ݂ܲܚ (āṯaḥ)	ܐܵܬ݂ܹܝܬܘܿܢ (āṯētōn)	ܐܵܬ݂ܝܼ (āṯī)
	f	ܐܵܬ݂ܝܵܢ (āṯyān)	ܐܵܬ݂ܝܵܬܝ (āṯyāt)	ܐܵܬ݂ܝܵܐ (āṯyā)
imperative	m		ܬܵܐ (tā)			ܬܹܝܡܘܼܢ (tēmūn)
	f		ܬܵܐܝ (tā)

Derived terms

• ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ (āṯē bāṯar)
• ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܠ- (āṯē l-)
• ܕܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ (d-āṯē, “coming, next, upcoming”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Hebrew אוֹת (ʾôṯ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʔɑθɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܐܬܐ • (ˀāṯā) f (plural ܐܬܘܬܐ)

1. sign, mark, token
2. ensign, standard, banner, flag
3. (in the plural) description, figure
4. example
5. monument, monstrosity
6. (astronomy) constellation

   Synonyms: ܡܙܠܐ, ܦܘܣܩܢܐ

7. miracle
8. pledge, promise
9. trace
10. (dialectal, pathology) kind of measles

Inflection

    declension of ܐܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܐܬ	ܐܬܘܢ
construct	ܐܬ	ܐܬܘܬ
emphatic	ܐܬܐ	ܐܬܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܐܬܝ	ܐܬܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܐܬܟ	ܐܬܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܐܬܟܝ	ܐܬܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܐܬܗ	ܐܬܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܐܬܗ	ܐܬܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܐܬܢ	ܐܬܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܐܬܟܘܢ	ܐܬܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܐܬܟܝܢ	ܐܬܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܐܬܗܘܢ	ܐܬܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܐܬܗܝܢ	ܐܬܘܬܗܝܢ

References

• “ˀt”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 22a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 31b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 109a-b