शत
See also: शांत
Hindi
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit शत (śata). Doublet of सौ (sau) and सद (sad).
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “शत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
edit← 90 | [a], [b], [c] ← 99 | १०० 100 |
1,000 → | 100,000 → |
---|---|---|---|---|
10[a], [b] | ||||
Cardinal: शत (śata) Ordinal: शततम (śatatama) Multiplier: शतधा (śatadhā) Distributive: शतशस् (śataśas) |
Alternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- শত (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬢ (Balinese script)
- শত (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀢 (Brahmi script)
- ၐတ (Burmese script)
- શત (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਤ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌤 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦠ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂞 (Kaithi script)
- ಶತ (Kannada script)
- ឝត (Khmer script)
- ຨຕ (Lao script)
- ശത (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠠᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘝 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠠᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐟 (Newa script)
- ଶତ (Odia script)
- ꢯꢡ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆠 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖝 (Siddham script)
- ශත (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩫 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚙 (Takri script)
- ஶத (Tamil script)
- శత (Telugu script)
- ศต (Thai script)
- ཤ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćatám, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬀 (sata), Ancient Greek ἑκατόν (hekatón), Latin centum, Tocharian A känt, English hund-red.
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editशत • (śatá) n, rarely m, at the end of a compound f(ī)
- hundred
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.48.7:
- ए॒षायु॑क्त परा॒वतः॒ सूर्य॑स्यो॒दय॑ना॒दधि॑।
श॒तं रथे॑भिः सु॒भगो॒षा इ॒यं वि या॑त्य॒भि मानु॑षान्॥- eṣā́yukta parāvátaḥ sū́ryasyodáyanādádhi.
śatáṃ ráthebhiḥ subhágoṣā́ iyáṃ ví yātyabhí mā́nuṣān. - This auspicious Uṣas has harnessed (her vehicles) from afar, above the rising of the sun; and she comes gloriously upon man, with a hundred chariots.
- eṣā́yukta parāvátaḥ sū́ryasyodáyanādádhi.
- ए॒षायु॑क्त परा॒वतः॒ सूर्य॑स्यो॒दय॑ना॒दधि॑।
- any very large number
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | शतम् (śatám) | शते (śaté) | शतानि (śatā́ni) शता¹ (śatā́¹) |
accusative | शतम् (śatám) | शते (śaté) | शतानि (śatā́ni) शता¹ (śatā́¹) |
instrumental | शतेन (śaténa) | शताभ्याम् (śatā́bhyām) | शतैः (śataíḥ) शतेभिः¹ (śatébhiḥ¹) |
dative | शताय (śatā́ya) | शताभ्याम् (śatā́bhyām) | शतेभ्यः (śatébhyaḥ) |
ablative | शतात् (śatā́t) | शताभ्याम् (śatā́bhyām) | शतेभ्यः (śatébhyaḥ) |
genitive | शतस्य (śatásya) | शतयोः (śatáyoḥ) | शतानाम् (śatā́nām) |
locative | शते (śaté) | शतयोः (śatáyoḥ) | शतेषु (śatéṣu) |
vocative | शत (śáta) | शते (śáte) | शतानि (śátāni) शता¹ (śátā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | शतः (śatáḥ) | शतौ (śataú) शता¹ (śatā́¹) |
शताः (śatā́ḥ) शतासः¹ (śatā́saḥ¹) |
accusative | शतम् (śatám) | शतौ (śataú) शता¹ (śatā́¹) |
शतान् (śatā́n) |
instrumental | शतेन (śaténa) | शताभ्याम् (śatā́bhyām) | शतैः (śataíḥ) शतेभिः¹ (śatébhiḥ¹) |
dative | शताय (śatā́ya) | शताभ्याम् (śatā́bhyām) | शतेभ्यः (śatébhyaḥ) |
ablative | शतात् (śatā́t) | शताभ्याम् (śatā́bhyām) | शतेभ्यः (śatébhyaḥ) |
genitive | शतस्य (śatásya) | शतयोः (śatáyoḥ) | शतानाम् (śatā́nām) |
locative | शते (śaté) | शतयोः (śatáyoḥ) | शतेषु (śatéṣu) |
vocative | शत (śáta) | शतौ (śátau) शता¹ (śátā¹) |
शताः (śátāḥ) शतासः¹ (śátāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | शती (śatī) | शत्यौ (śatyau) शती¹ (śatī¹) |
शत्यः (śatyaḥ) शतीः¹ (śatīḥ¹) |
accusative | शतीम् (śatīm) | शत्यौ (śatyau) शती¹ (śatī¹) |
शतीः (śatīḥ) |
instrumental | शत्या (śatyā) | शतीभ्याम् (śatībhyām) | शतीभिः (śatībhiḥ) |
dative | शत्यै (śatyai) | शतीभ्याम् (śatībhyām) | शतीभ्यः (śatībhyaḥ) |
ablative | शत्याः (śatyāḥ) शत्यै² (śatyai²) |
शतीभ्याम् (śatībhyām) | शतीभ्यः (śatībhyaḥ) |
genitive | शत्याः (śatyāḥ) शत्यै² (śatyai²) |
शत्योः (śatyoḥ) | शतीनाम् (śatīnām) |
locative | शत्याम् (śatyām) | शत्योः (śatyoḥ) | शतीषु (śatīṣu) |
vocative | शति (śati) | शत्यौ (śatyau) शती¹ (śatī¹) |
शत्यः (śatyaḥ) शतीः¹ (śatīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Descendants
edit- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀲𑀢 (sata)
- Dardic:
- → Old Javanese: śata
- Pali: sata
- → Bengali: শত (śot)
- → Rohingya: cót
- → Hindi: शत (śat)
- → Telugu: శతము (śatamu) (learned)
- →⇒ Dhivehi: ސަތޭކަ (satēka)
- → Thai: ศต (sòt)
References
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “शत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1048.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi numerals
- Hindi cardinal numbers
- Hindi literary terms
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit numerals
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit ī-stem nouns
- Sanskrit cardinal numbers