See also: سؤ and شو

Arabic

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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سَوّ (sawwm

  1. alternative form of سَوْء (sawʔ, badness, evil, corruption)

Etymology 2

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Verb

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سَوِّ (sawwi) (form II) /saw.wi/

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of سَوَّى (sawwā)

Azerbaijani

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Noun

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سو (countable and uncountable)

  1. Arabic spelling of su (water)

Bakhtiari

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Etymology 1

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Colloquial form of Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ), Persian صبح (sobh).

Noun

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سو (sow)

  1. morning
    سو زی بیدار ایبومsow e zi bidar eybuom.I'll wake up early in the morning.
  2. tomorrow
    سو ایرم هونهsow eirom howne.I'll go home tomorrow.

Etymology 2

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Colloquial form of سه (soh), ساو (sâv, firewood, i.e. the usual desert-shrubs), equivalent to Persian سوخت (sôxt, combustion material, fuel).

Noun

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سو ()

  1. firewood, i.e. the common desert-shrubs, thornbush
  2. a hard-brushed broom

References

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Brahui

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Dravidian [Term?]. Cognate to Tamil தூ (), (ū), Gondi సవి (savi).

Noun

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سُو ()

  1. flesh, meat

Further reading

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Bulgar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *seb-.

Verb

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سَو (sev)

  1. (Volga Bulgar) to love, like
    عُلَمَا سَمنَ سَوَان مَسجِد سَمنَ عَمَارَة طَنَان اَكِل خَيرَاتلُ الُوى بَرَكاتلُ مُون سُوَار يَالِ [...] عَلىِ خوَاجَه آولِ آترَج خُواجَه آولِ آبُوبَكَر خُوَاجَه آولِ آلِبْ خُواجَه بَلُوى كُ'Ulamâsemne sevên mescidsemne 'amâret tanân ekil hayrâtlu, elüwi berekâtlu Mûn Suwâr yêli [...] Ali howâce awli Atrac howâce awli Abûbeker howâce awli Alıp howâce belüwi kü.This is the monument of teacher [...] Ali's son teacher Atrac's son teacher Ebubeker's son teacher Alıp, who loves scholars and builds mosques, very beneficent, whose hands are fertile, who is descent from the big Suwâr clan.

Descendants

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  • Chuvash: сав (sav)

References

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  • Hakimzjanov, Farid Sabirzjanovich (1986) “New Volga Bulgarian Inscriptions”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae[2] (in Bulgar), volume 40, number 1, page 174
  • Tekin, Talât (1988) Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language]‎[3] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN, pages 190-191
  • Erdal, Marcel (1993) Die Sprache der wolgabolgarischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 32

Chagatai

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *sub (water).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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سو (su) (definite accusative سویی (suyi) or سونی (suni), plural سولار (sular))

  1. water
    Synonyms: آب (āb), اوسون
    سو ایچماکsu ičmäkto drink water
    اچیق سوačiq subitter watter
    سونینک تامغاسیsuniŋ tamğasisurface of the water
    کمیت سوkämiyyät-i suthe abundance of water
    سو ساچماقsu sačmaqto sprinkle water
    شوردریانینک سویی، امّا دریانینک سویی شیرین‌دور
    šordäryāniŋ suyi ačiq, amma däryāniŋ suyi šīrīn
    water of the sea is bitter, but the water of the river is sweet
  2. stream, river
    فرات سوfurāt-i suthe Euphrates river
  3. body of water, such as a lake, sea or ocean
    Coordinate terms: تینکیز (teŋiz), کول (köl)
  4. tear
    Synonyms: اشک (äšk), کوز یاشی (köz yaši), سرشک (sirišk), یاش (yaš)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

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Noun

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سو (so)

  1. side, face

Further reading

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  • Bahawudun, Muhemmettursun, Gheyurani, Ghenizat, Qadir, Isma'il, Ehet, Ablimit (2002) “سو”, in چاغاتاي تىلىنىڭ ئىزاھلىق لۇغىتى [Explanatory Dictionary of the Chagatai Language]‎[9] (in Uyghur), Shinjang Xelq Neshriyati, →ISBN

Kipchak

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *sub (water).

Noun

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سو (su) (Mamluk-Kipchak)

  1. water

References

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  • Munytu'l-Ghuzāt: a 14th-century Mamluk-Kipchak military treatise
  • Vocabulaire arabe-kiptchak de l'époque de l'État mamelouk

Mazanderani

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Etymology 1

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Compare Middle Persian swk' (sōg, side, direction), Persian سوی (suy).

Noun

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سو (so)

  1. ethnicity
  2. breed, type

Etymology 2

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Compare Persian ساییدن (sâyidan), سابیدن (sâbidan), سودن (sudan, to rub, to grind, to sharpen).

Noun

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سو (so)

  1. grinding
    سو سنگso-e senggrinding stone
  2. sharpening

Etymology 3

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Related to سوسو (winking, burning), and dialectal Persian سو (su, bright, shimmer, view).

Noun

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سو (su)

  1. igniting
    سو هاکردنsu hakerdento ignite

Persian

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Dari سو
Iranian Persian
Tajik сӯ, су

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? sō, sū
Dari reading? sō, sū
Iranian reading? su
Tajik reading? sü, su

Etymology 1

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From Middle Persian swk' (sōg, side, direction).

Noun

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سو (su)

  1. alternative form of سوی (suy): direction, side

Etymology 2

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From Middle Persian swk' (sōg, burning, combustion). Related to سوختن (suxtan, to burn). Compare Mazanderani سو (su), سوسو (susu, bright, illuminating).

Noun

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سو (su)

  1. (archaic) light, sight, ability to see
  2. (Tehrani) shimmer, glitter, sight
  3. (Isfahan) glitter, sight
  4. (Fars) sight, opinion
  5. (Khorasan) sight, glitter, view

Etymology 3

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Inherited from Middle Persian swk' (sōg, profit, advantage), or alternative form of سود (sud).

Noun

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سو (su, so)

  1. profit
  2. advantage

References

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  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “swk'”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 75
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “سو”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
  • Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “سو”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum[10] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 340

Salar

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Noun

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سو (su)

  1. water

References

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Sindhi

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit शत (śata).

Numeral

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سو (sau)

  1. hundred

Urdu

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Etymology 1

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Perhaps from Sanskrit सह (saha).

Adverb

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سو (so) (Hindi spelling सो)

  1. so, hence
  2. therefore
  3. consequently

References

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  • سو”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “سو”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 388

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Sanskrit शत (śata), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćatám, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm. Compare also Persian صد (sad).

Numeral

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Urdu numbers (edit)
1,000
[a], [b] ←  90 [a], [b] ←  99 ۱۰۰
100
101  →  1,000  → 
10
    Cardinal: سَو (sau), صَد (sad), سَین٘کڑا (sa͠ikṛā)
    Ordinal: سَوواں (sauvā̃)
    Multiplier: سَو گُنا (sau gunā)

سو (sau) (Hindi spelling सौ)

  1. hundred
Synonyms
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References

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  • سو”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • sau”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.