Sanskrit

edit

Alternative scripts

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śúHlas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćúHlas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱúh₃-los, from *ḱeh₃- (to sharpen). Cognate with सूची (sūcī, needle), Persian سان (sân, whetstone), Old Armenian սուր (sur, sword; sharp), սլաք (slakʻ, pointer; spearhead), Latin cos, culex (fly), Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos), Old English hān (whence English hone). The Sanskrit root is शूल् (śūl, to hurt, cause pain).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

शूल (śū́la) stemm or n

  1. any sharp instrument or pointed dart, lance, pike, spear (esp. the trident of Shiva)
  2. a stake for impaling criminals
  3. any sharp or acute pain (esp. that of colic or gout)
  4. pain, grief, sorrow

Declension

edit
Masculine a-stem declension of शूल (śū́la)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शूलः
śū́laḥ
शूलौ / शूला¹
śū́lau / śū́lā¹
शूलाः / शूलासः¹
śū́lāḥ / śū́lāsaḥ¹
Vocative शूल
śū́la
शूलौ / शूला¹
śū́lau / śū́lā¹
शूलाः / शूलासः¹
śū́lāḥ / śū́lāsaḥ¹
Accusative शूलम्
śū́lam
शूलौ / शूला¹
śū́lau / śū́lā¹
शूलान्
śū́lān
Instrumental शूलेन
śū́lena
शूलाभ्याम्
śū́lābhyām
शूलैः / शूलेभिः¹
śū́laiḥ / śū́lebhiḥ¹
Dative शूलाय
śū́lāya
शूलाभ्याम्
śū́lābhyām
शूलेभ्यः
śū́lebhyaḥ
Ablative शूलात्
śū́lāt
शूलाभ्याम्
śū́lābhyām
शूलेभ्यः
śū́lebhyaḥ
Genitive शूलस्य
śū́lasya
शूलयोः
śū́layoḥ
शूलानाम्
śū́lānām
Locative शूले
śū́le
शूलयोः
śū́layoḥ
शूलेषु
śū́leṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Neuter a-stem declension of शूल (śūla)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शूलम्
śūlam
शूले
śūle
शूलानि / शूला¹
śūlāni / śūlā¹
Vocative शूल
śūla
शूले
śūle
शूलानि / शूला¹
śūlāni / śūlā¹
Accusative शूलम्
śūlam
शूले
śūle
शूलानि / शूला¹
śūlāni / śūlā¹
Instrumental शूलेन
śūlena
शूलाभ्याम्
śūlābhyām
शूलैः / शूलेभिः¹
śūlaiḥ / śūlebhiḥ¹
Dative शूलाय
śūlāya
शूलाभ्याम्
śūlābhyām
शूलेभ्यः
śūlebhyaḥ
Ablative शूलात्
śūlāt
शूलाभ्याम्
śūlābhyām
शूलेभ्यः
śūlebhyaḥ
Genitive शूलस्य
śūlasya
शूलयोः
śūlayoḥ
शूलानाम्
śūlānām
Locative शूले
śūle
शूलयोः
śūlayoḥ
शूलेषु
śūleṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit
  • Bengali: হুল (hul, sharpened end), শুল (śul)
  • Sindhi: सूरु sg (sooru, pain)

References

edit
  • Monier Williams (1899) “शूल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1086/3.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 651