cos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cos"

Translingual

Symbol

cos

1. (trigonometry) cosine.

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English

Etymology 1

From the name of the island Cos, whence it was introduced.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /kɑs/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kɒs/
• Rhymes: -ɒs

Noun

cos (plural coses)

1. A variety of lettuce with long, crisp leaves.

Translations

variety of lettuce with long, crisp leaves

• Finnish: sidesalaatti

• German: römischer Salat m, Lattich m

Etymology 2

From 'cause, an aphetic form of because.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kɒz/; (unstressed) IPA^(key): /kəz/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kʌz/; (unstressed) IPA^(key): /kəz/

Conjunction

cos

1. (informal, Britain, Ireland, South Africa, African-American Vernacular) because

Translations

because — see because

Etymology 3

Clipping of cousin

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʌz/

Noun

cos (plural cosses)

1. (informal, African-American Vernacular) cousin, cuz

See also

• Wikipedia article on Cos
• Wikipedia article on cosine

Anagrams

• CSO, OCS, OCs, OSC, SCO, SOC, SoC, Soc, Soc., soc, soc.

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Aromanian

Alternative forms

• cosu

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *cōsō, from Latin consuō. Compare Romanian coase, cos.

Verb

cos (third-person singular present indicative coasi/coase, past participle cusutã)

1. I sew.

Related terms

• coasiri/coasire
• cusut

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Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan cors, from Latin corpus, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱrep-. Doublet of the borrowing corpus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔs/

Noun

cos m (plural cossos)

1. body (physical structure of a human or animal)
2. body, corpse

   Synonym: cadàver

Derived terms

• anticòs
• cos celeste

Further reading

• “cos” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “cos” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “cos” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “cos” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Chinese

Verb

cos

1. (ACG, informal) to cosplay

Derived terms

• coser

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Friulian

Etymology

From Slovene kòš, from Proto-Slavic *košь.

Noun

cos m (plural cos)

1. basket

   Synonyms: gei, geùt, ceste

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Galician

Etymology

From contraction of preposition con (“with”) + masculine plural definite article os (“the”)

Contraction

cos m pl (masculine co, feminine coa, feminine plural coas)

1. with the

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Irish

Alternative forms

• cois (Cois Fharraige)

Etymology

From Old Irish cos, from Proto-Celtic *koxsā (cf. Welsh coes), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-, whence also Latin coxa (“hip”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /kɔsˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /kʌsˠ/

Noun

cos f (genitive singular coise, nominative plural cosa)

1. foot
2. leg

Declension

Declension of cos

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative cos cosa Vocative a chos a chosa Genitive coise cos Dative cois cosa

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an chos na cosa Genitive na coise na gcos Dative leis an gcois don chois leis na cosa

• Dual: dhá chois

Derived terms

• a chois (“beside”)
• alt na coise, caol na coise (“ankle”)
• ar cois (“afoot”)
• bord scríbhneoireachta coise (“pedestal writing-table”)
• cois, de chois, i gcois (“beside”)
• coisbheart (“footwear”)
• coiscéim (“footstep”)
• coisí (“pedestrian”)
• coisigh (“travel on foot”, verb)
• coislí (“footpath”)
• coistéad (“footrope”)
• cor coise (“act of tripping someone”)
• cosacán (“fetter”)
• cosa fuara (“stilts”)
• cosán (“path”)
• cos-ardach (“arched; high-stepping”, adjective)
• cos bhacóide (“one leg (of the two)”)
• cosbhalla (“footwall”)
• cosbhuí (“yellow-footed”, adjective)
• cosdaingean (“sure-footed”, adjective)
• cosdeargán, coisdeargán (“redshank”)
• cos deiridh (“hind leg”)
• cos dubh (“maidenhair”)
• coséadrom (“light-footed”, adjective)
• cosfhada (“long-legged”, adjective)
• cos ghé (“goosefoot”)
• coslia (“podiatrist”)
• cosligthe (“unfettered”, adjective)
• cosluath (“light-footed”, adjective)
• cosmhuintir (“hangers-on, dependants”)
• cos-scamallach (“web-footed”, adjective)
• cos-slua (“infantry”)
• cos thinn (“rainy day”) (difficult period)
• costinn (“footsore”, adjective)
• costirim (“dry-footed”, adjective)
• cos tosaigh (“front leg”)
• crágchos (“cheliped”)
• deil choise (“treadle”)
• droichead coise (“footbridgeŵ”)
• gearrchosach (“short-legged; short-handled”, adjective)
• in aghaidh do chos, in éadan do chos (“reluctantly”)
• le cois (“in addition to”)
• maide coise (“stretcher”) (in rowing)
• méar coise (“toe”)
• muileann coise (“treadmill”)
• saighdiúir coise (“foot soldier”)

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cos	chos	gcos
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cos”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “cos” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
• "cos" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”). Cognate with Latin catus (“clever, cunning”), cautēs (“pointed rock”), cuneus (“wedge”) and Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos, “cone”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /koːs/
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kos/, [kɔs]

Noun

cōs f (genitive cōtis); third declension

1. whetstone

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cōs	cōtēs
Genitive	cōtis	cōtum
Dative	cōtī	cōtibus
Accusative	cōtem	cōtēs
Ablative	cōte	cōtibus
Vocative	cōs	cōtēs

Derived terms

• cōtōria

Descendants

• Catalan: cot
• French: queux
• Italian: cote, cotano
• Romanian: cute
• Spanish: codón

References

• cos in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• cos in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cos in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• cos in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cos in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

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Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kussaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kos/

Noun

cos m

1. Alternative form of coss

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Old French

Noun

cos m

1. inflection of cop:
   1. oblique plural
   2. nominative singular

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *koxsā (cf. Welsh coes), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-. Cognate with Latin coxa (“hip”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kos/

Noun

cos f

1. foot
2. leg

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	cosL	coisL	cosaH, cossa
Vocative	cosL	coisL	cosaH, cossa
Accusative	coisN	coisL	cosaH, cossa
Genitive	coiseH	cosL	cosN
Dative	coisL	cosaib	cosaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: cos
• Manx: cass
• Scottish Gaelic: cas

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
cos	chos	cos pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cos”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kus/, /kos/

Contraction

cos

1. (colloquial) Contraction of com os.

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Romanian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -os

Verb

cos

1. first-person singular present indicative of coase
2. first-person singular present subjunctive of coase
3. third-person plural present indicative of coase