cos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cos"

Translingual

Symbol

cos

1. (trigonometry) cosine.
2. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Corsican.

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English

Etymology 1

From the name of the island Cos, whence it was introduced.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /kɑs/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kɒs/
• Rhymes: -ɒs

Noun

cos (plural coses)

1. A variety of lettuce with long, crisp leaves.

   Synonym: cos lettuce

Translations

variety of lettuce with long, crisp leaves

• Finnish: sidesalaatti

• German: römischer Salat m, Lattich m

Etymology 2

From 'cause, an aphetic form of because.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kɒz/; (unstressed) IPA^(key): /kəz/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kʌz/; (unstressed) IPA^(key): /kəz/

Conjunction

cos

1. (informal, UK, Ireland, South Africa, African-American Vernacular) because

Translations

because — see because

Etymology 3

Clipping of cousin

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʌz/

Noun

cos (plural cosses)

1. (informal, African-American Vernacular) A cousin, cuz.

Etymology 4

Noun

cos

1. plural of co

See also

• Wikipedia article on Cos
• Wikipedia article on cosine

Anagrams

• CSO, OCS, OCs, OSC, SCO, SOC, SoC, Soc, Soc., soc, soc.

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Aromanian

Alternative forms

• cosu

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *cōsō, from Latin consuō. Compare Romanian coase, cos.

Verb

cos (third-person singular present indicative coasi/coase, past participle cusutã)

1. I sew.

Related terms

• coasiri/coasire
• cusut

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Catalan

Etymology

From Latin corpus, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱrep-. Compare Occitan còrs, French corps, Spanish cuerpo. Doublet of the borrowing corpus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔs/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

cos m (plural cossos)

1. body (physical structure of a human or animal)
2. body, corpse

   Synonym: cadàver

Derived terms

• anticòs
• cos celeste
• cos pituïtari

Further reading

• “cos” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “cos”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2022
• “cos” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “cos” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Chinese

Noun

cos

1. (ACG, informal) cosplay

   玩cos的人  ―  wán cos de rén  ―  someone who cosplays; cosplayer

2. (ACG, informal) cosplay costume

Verb

cos

1. (ACG, informal) to cosplay

Derived terms

• coser (kāoser)

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Friulian

Etymology

From Slovene kòš, from Proto-Slavic *košь.

Noun

cos m (plural cos)

1. basket

   Synonyms: gei, geùt, ceste

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Galician

Etymology

From contraction of preposition con (“with”) + masculine plural definite article os (“the”).

Contraction

cos m pl (masculine co, feminine coa, feminine plural coas)

1. with the

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Irish

Alternative forms

• cois (Cois Fharraige)

Etymology

From Old Irish cos, from Proto-Celtic *koxsā (cf. Welsh coes), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-, whence also Latin coxa (“hip”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔsˠ/
• (Munster, also) IPA^(key): /kɞsˠ/

Noun

cos f (genitive singular coise, nominative plural cosa)

1. foot
2. leg

Declension

Declension of cos

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative cos cosa Vocative a chos a chosa Genitive coise cos Dative cois cosa

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an chos na cosa Genitive na coise na gcos Dative leis an gcois don chois leis na cosa

• Dual: dhá chois

Derived terms

• a chois
• alt na coise
• ar cois
• bord scríbhneoireachta coise
• caol na coise
• cois
• coisbheart
• coiscéim
• coisdeargán
• coisí
• coisigh
• coislí
• coistéad
• cor coise
• cosacán
• cosa fuara
• cosa in airde
• cosán
• cos-ardach
• cos bhacóide
• cosbhalla
• cosbhuí
• cosdaingean
• cosdeargán
• cos deiridh
• cos dubh
• coséadrom
• cosfhada
• cos ghé
• coslia
• cosligthe
• cosluath
• cosmhuintir
• cos-scamallach
• cos-slua
• cos thinn
• costinn
• costirim
• cos tosaigh
• crágchos
• de chois
• deil choise
• droichead coise
• gearrchosach
• i gcois
• in aghaidh do chos
• in éadan do chos
• le cois
• maide coise
• méar coise
• muileann coise
• saighdiúir coise

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cos	chos	gcos
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cos”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “cos”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 185
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “cos”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

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Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *kōtis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”). Cognate with Latin catus (“clever, cunning”), cautēs (“pointed rock”), cuneus (“wedge”) and Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos, “cone”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /koːs/, [koːs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kos/, [kɔs]

Noun

cōs f (genitive cōtis); third declension

1. whetstone

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cōs	cōtēs
Genitive	cōtis	cōtum
Dative	cōtī	cōtibus
Accusative	cōtem	cōtēs
Ablative	cōte	cōtibus
Vocative	cōs	cōtēs

Derived terms

• cōtōria

Descendants

• Catalan: cot
• French: queux
• Italian: cote, cotano
• Romanian: cute
• Sicilian: cuti
• Spanish: codón

Etymology 2

Noun

cos

1. Abbreviation of consul.

References

• “cos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cos in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “cos”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “cos”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

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Middle English

Alternative forms

• cus, kis, kys, kysse

Etymology

From Old English coss, from Proto-West Germanic *koss, from Proto-Germanic *kussaz. Forms with /i/ and /u/ are influenced by kissen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔs/, /kus/, /kis/

Noun

cos (plural cosses or cossen)

1. a kiss (action of kissing)

   Synonym: kissynge

Descendants

• English: kiss
• Scots: kis
• Yola: kesse

References

• “cos, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

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Old Cornish

Etymology

from Vulgar Latin caseus

Noun

cos

1. cheese

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kos/

Noun

cos m

1. Alternative form of coss

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Old French

Noun

cos m

1. inflection of cop:
   1. oblique plural
   2. nominative singular

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *koxsā (cf. Welsh coes), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-. Cognate with Latin coxa (“hip”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kos/

Noun

cos f

1. foot
2. leg

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	cosL	coisL	cosaH, cossaH
Vocative	cosL	coisL	cosaH, cossaH
Accusative	coisN	coisL	cosaH, cossaH
Genitive	coiseH	cosL	cosN
Dative	coisL	cosaib	cosaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: cos
• Manx: cass
• Scottish Gaelic: cas

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
cos	chos	cos pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cos”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kus/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kus/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /kuʃ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /kos/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kuʃ/

Contraction

cos m pl (feminine plural cas)

1. (colloquial) Contraction of com os (“with the (masculine plural)”).

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Romanian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -os

Verb

cos

1. inflection of coase:
   1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. third-person plural present indicative

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Spanish

Noun

cos m pl

1. plural of co