सो

Braj

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑁄 (so), from Sanskrit स (sá, third person singular pronoun).

Pronoun

सो (so)

1. he, she, it

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /soː/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑁄 (so), from Sanskrit स (sá, third person singular pronoun). Cognate with Old Awadhi सो (so), Punjabi ਸੋ (so), Marwari सो (so), Bihari सो, Nepali सो (so). Also see तिस (tis).

Pronoun

सो • (so) m or f (Urdu spelling سو)

1. used in constructions with जो (jo, “whoever”)

   जो काम करता, सो कमाता।

   jo kām kartā, so kamātā.

   Whoever works, they earn [money].

2. (obsolete) he, she, it

   Synonym: वह (vah)

Usage notes

As a general third-person pronoun, this word is obsolete in favour of वह (vah). However, the fossilized inflected form तिसपर (tispar) still sees formal use with a special meaning of "after that" or "notwithstanding". See there for more.

Declension

Pronoun declension of सो

	singular	plural
direct	सो (so)	से (se (obsolete))
indirect	तिस (tis)	तिन (tin)
ergative	तिसने (tisne)	तिनहोंने (tinhõne)
genitive	तिसका (tiskā)	तिनका (tinkā)
dative	तिसे, तिसको (tise, tisko)	तिनहें, तिनको (tinhẽ, tinko)
instrumental/ ablative	तिससे (tisse)	तिनसे (tinse)
inessive	तिसमें (tismẽ)	तिनमें (tinmẽ)
adessive	तिसपे, तिसपर (tispe, tispar)	तिनपे, तिनपर (tinpe, tinpar)
terminative	तिसतक (tistak)	तिनतक (tintak)
semblative	तिससा (tissā)	तिनसा (tinsā)

Etymology 2

Verb

सो • (so) (Urdu spelling سو)

1. inflection of सोना (sonā):
   1. stem
   2. second-person singular present imperative

Newar

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [so]

Numeral

सो • (so)

1. three

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• so (Latin script)
• 𑀲𑁄 (Brahmi script)
• সো (Bengali script)
• සො (Sinhalese script)
• သော or သေႃ (Burmese script)
• โส (Thai script)
• ᩈᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂສ (Lao script)
• សោ (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄮 (Chakma script)

Alternative scripts

• sa (Latin script)
• 𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• स (Devanagari script)
• স (Bengali script)
• ස (Sinhalese script)
• သ (Burmese script)
• ส or สะ (Thai script)
• ᩈ (Tai Tham script)
• ສ or ສະ (Lao script)
• ស (Khmer script)
• 𑄥 (Chakma script)

Pronoun

सो (so)

1. Devanagari script form of so
   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[1] (overall work in Pali), page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     सब्बेसं तिण्णं पठममज्झिमुत्तमपुरिसानं एकाभिधाने परो पुरिसो गहेतब्बो। सो च पठति, ते च पठन्ति, त्वञ्च पठसि तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पठामि = मयं पठाम; सो पचति, ते च पचन्ति, त्वञ्च पचन्ति, तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पचआमि = मयं पचाम एवं सेसासु विभत्तीसु परो पुरिसो योजेतब्बो॥

     Sabbesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ ekābhidhāne paro puriso gahetabbo. So ca paṭhati, te ca paṭhanti, tvañca paṭhasi, tumhe ca paṭhatha, ahañca paṭhāmi = mayaṃ paṭhāma; so pacati, te ca pacanti, tvañca pacasi, tumhe ca pacatha, ahañca pacāmi = mayaṃ pacāma. Evaṃ sesāsu vibhattīsu paro puriso yojetabbo.

     With all three, third, second, and first persons, in one expression, the last person is to be taken. He reads, they read, thou readest, you read, and I read = we read; he cooks, they cook, thou cookest, you cook , and I cook = we cook. The last person is to be applied thus for other endings.

Adjective

सो (so)

1. Devanagari script form of so, which is masculine nominative singular of त (ta, “that”)