かす

See also: かず

Japanese

Etymology 1

Alternative spellings
粕 糟 滓 渣

Possibly from Old Japanese. First cited to the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かす [káꜜsù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠sɨ]

Noun

かす or カス • (kasu) 

1. [from 934] 粕, 糟: in sake production, the dregs or lees left over after extracting the liquid from the fermented rice mash

   Synonyms: 酒粕 (sake kasu), 酒の粕 (sake no kasu)

2. [from 934] 滓, 渣: the sediment, impurities, dregs, or lees on the bottom of a container after a liquid has settled

   Synonyms: 滓・澱 (ori), 澱・淀 (odomi)

3. [from 1002] 滓, 渣: anything left over after everything useful or good has been extracted

   Synonyms: (waste, dross) 屑 (kuzu), (leftovers, dross) 残り屑 (nokorikuzu)

4. [from 1786] 滓, 渣: (derogatory) insulting reference to a person
5. [from 1786] 滓, 渣: (playing cards) in 花札 (hanafuda, “traditional Japanese flower playing cards”), a one-point card, a garbage card

   Synonym: (garbage card) かすふだ (kasufuda)

6. [from 1820] 粕, 糟: (figurative) a scolding, terrible criticism (only used in this sense in the set phrase 粕(かす)を食(く)う, 糟(かす)を食(く)う (kasu o kuu, literally “to eat the dregs”))

Derived terms

• アメカス (amekasu): an American person
• イタカス (itakasu): an Italian person
• オラカス (orakasu): a Dutch person
• カスラック (kasurakku): Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers
• 糟(かす)を食(く)う (kasu o kuu): “to eat the dregs” → to receive a scolding, to receive terrible criticism
• ケロカス (kerokasu): a fan of the Hiroshima Toyo Carp baseball team
• スペカス (supekasu): a Spanish person
• ツイカス (tsuikasu): a Twitter user
• ナチカス (nachikasu): a Nazi; a German person
• フラカス (furakasu): a French person
• ヤニカス (yanikasu): a tobacco addict
• ブリカス (burikasu): a British person
• パチカス (pachikasu): a pachinko addict
• ポルカス (porukasu): a Portuguese person

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of かす – see the following entry.

【貸す】 [verb] to lend; to let someone use [verb] to lease [verb] (American English) to rent out; (British English) to hire out

(This term, かす (kasu), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as かす, see Category:Japanese kanji read as かす.)

Etymology 3

Any of various Chinese-derived terms.

For pronunciation and definitions of かす – see the following entries.

【化す】 [verb] change into

【科す】 [verb] to inflict; to impose (a fine, etc.)​

【課す】 [verb] impose, such as a tax

(This term, かす (kasu), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as かす, see Category:Japanese kanji read as かす.)

(The following entries are uncreated: 架す, 嫁す, 痂す, 呵す.)