なか

Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Alternative spellings
中仲

From Old Japanese. First cited to the Kojiki of 712 CE.^[1]

From Proto-Japonic *naka. By surface analysis, ⟨na⟩ (indicating being inside, not found in isolation) +‎ ⟨ka⟩ (a place (e.g. ありか (arika, “a place where something is, whereabouts”, from ある (aru, “to exist”) +‎ 処 (ka, “place”), literally “existing place”), compare 所 (tokoro, “place”, see etymology for details))).^[2]^[3]^[4]

The relationship sense was first attested in the Kokin Wakashū, around 905-914 CE, possibly from the sense of being a group of objects/people around a certain area.^[1]

Might be related to Korean 안 (an, “inside”).^[5]

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) なか [náꜜkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[6]^[7]
IPA^(key): [na̠ka̠]

Noun edit

なか • (naka) ^{←なか (naka)^?}

中: inside
箱(はこ)の中(なか)には何(なに)もありません。
Hako no naka ni wa nani mo arimasen.
There is nothing in the box.
中: middle
中: among (a group or mass)
この中(なか)に人(じん)狼(ろう)がいます。
Kono naka ni jinrō ga imasu.
There is a werewolf among us / these people.
中: during (time); amidst
暑(あつ)い中(なか)お疲(つか)れ様(さま)です。
Atsui naka o-tsukare-sama desu.
Thank you for your cooperation in these hot times.

猛(もう)暑(しょ)の中(なか)
mōsho no naka
in the extreme heat

技術(ぎじゅつ)が進(すす)んでいく中(なか)
gijutsu ga susundeiku naka
in the midst of technological advancement
仲: relationship, terms

Derived terms edit

Proper noun edit

なか • (Naka)

仲: a surname

Etymology 2 edit

Alternative spelling
無か

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [na̠ka̠]

Adjective edit

なか • (naka) ^†-ka

Ka-ending dialect form of ない (nai)
佐(さ)賀(が)はなんもなか
Saga wa nan mo naka
there's nothing (of worth) in Saga (local folk saying)

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 “中・仲”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Alexander Vovin (2014) “Out of Southern China?”, in Academia.edu‎^[2]
^ Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
^ John Whitman (2012) “The relationship between Japanese and Korean”, in ResearchGate‎^[3]
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[NKDNaka-1] 1.0 ^1.1 “中・仲”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[2] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[3] Alexander Vovin (2014) “Out of Southern China?”, in Academia.edu‎^[2]

[4] Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN

[5] John Whitman (2012) “The relationship between Japanese and Korean”, in ResearchGate‎^[3]

[DJR-6] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-7] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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なか

Contents

Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Derived terms edit

Proper noun edit

See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

References edit