乞食
Chinese
editbeg | eat; food; to feed eat; food; to feed; animal feed | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (乞食) | 乞 | 食 | |
simp. #(乞食) | 乞 | 食 |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hat1 sik6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiet-sṳ̍t / khié-sṳ̍t / khiat-sṳ̍t
- Eastern Min (BUC): ké̤ṳk-siăh→siĕh
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄕˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cǐshíh
- Wade–Giles: chʻi3-shih2
- Yale: chǐ-shŕ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiishyr
- Palladius: циши (ciši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hat1 sik6
- Yale: hāt sihk
- Cantonese Pinyin: hat7 sik9
- Guangdong Romanization: hed1 xig6
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐt̚⁵ sɪk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet-sṳ̍t / khié-sṳ̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: kiedˋ siid / kieˋ siid
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5 sid6 / kie3 sid6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚² sɨt̚⁵/, /kʰi̯e³¹ sɨt̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat-sṳ̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: kiadˋ siid
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5 sid6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚² sɨt̚⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ké̤ṳk-siăh→siĕh
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ sieʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Lukang, Magong, Taichung, Tainan, Penang, Philippines, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khit-chia̍h
- Tâi-lô: khit-tsia̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: qitciah
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siaʔ¹²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kʰit̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siaʔ²⁴/
- IPA (Penang): /kʰit̚³⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/
- IPA (Singapore): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴³/
- IPA (Kinmen): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁵⁴ t͡siaʔ⁵⁴/
- IPA (Lukang): /kʰit̚⁵ t͡siaʔ³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khit-chiā
- Tâi-lô: khit-tsiā
- Phofsit Daibuun: qitcia
- IPA (Yilan): /kʰit̚²⁻⁵ t͡sia³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: keg4 ziah8 / kêg4 ziah8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khṳk tsia̍h / khek tsia̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɯk̚²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/, /kʰek̚²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Lukang, Magong, Taichung, Tainan, Penang, Philippines, Singapore)
Note: kêg4 ziah8 - Jieyang.
Verb
edit乞⫽食 (verb-object) (intransitive)
Synonyms
editVariety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 乞食 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 討飯, 要飯 | |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 要飯 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 要飯 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 討米 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 乞食 |
Hong Kong | 乞食 | |
Taishan | 乞米 | |
Kaiping (Chikan) | 乞米 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 討飯 |
Hakka | Meixian | 討食 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 乞食, 討食 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 乞食, 討食 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 乞食, 討食 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 乞食, 討食 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 乞食, 討食 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 乞食, 討食 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 討飯 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 討食 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 討食 |
Quanzhou | 討食 | |
Zhangzhou | 討食 | |
Jieyang | 討食 | |
Leizhou | 討米 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 討飯 |
Wenzhou | 討飯, 搝米 | |
Jinhua | 討飯 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 討米 |
Loudi | 討米 |
Derived terms
editNoun
edit乞食
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editJapanese
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
乞 | 食 |
こ Grade: S |
じき Grade: 2 |
yutōyomi |
Shift from kotsujiki below.[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editDerived terms
editIdioms
edit- 乞食が馬を貰う (kojiki ga uma o morau)
- 乞食が米を零したよう (kojiki ga kome o koboshita yō)
- 乞食に氏無し (kojiki ni uji nashi)
- 乞食に朱椀 (kojiki ni shuwan)
- 乞食に貧乏無し (kojiki ni binbō nashi)
- 乞食にも門出 (kojiki ni mo kadode)
- 乞食の朝謡 (kojiki no asautai)
- 乞食の系図話 (kojiki no keizu banashi)
- 乞食の断食 (kojiki no danjiki)
- 乞食の嫁入り (kojiki no yomeiri)
- 乞食も身祝い (kojiki mo mīwai)
- 乞食も三日すれば忘れられぬ (kojiki mo mikka sureba wasurerarenu)
- 乞食も身づくろい (kojiki mo mizukuroi)
- 慌てる乞食は貰いが少ない (awateru kojiki wa morai ga sukunai, “slow and steady wins the race”, literally “the impatient beggar receives little”).
Verb
edit乞食する • (kojiki suru) ←こじき (koziki)?intransitive suru (stem 乞食し (kojiki shi), past 乞食した (kojiki shita))
- to go begging
Conjugation
editConjugation of "乞食する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 乞食し | こじきし | kojiki shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 乞食し | こじきし | kojiki shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 乞食する | こじきする | kojiki suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 乞食する | こじきする | kojiki suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 乞食すれ | こじきすれ | kojiki sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 乞食せよ¹ 乞食しろ² |
こじきせよ¹ こじきしろ² |
kojiki seyo¹ kojiki shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 乞食される | こじきされる | kojiki sareru | |
Causative | 乞食させる 乞食さす |
こじきさせる こじきさす |
kojiki saseru kojiki sasu | |
Potential | 乞食できる | こじきできる | kojiki dekiru | |
Volitional | 乞食しよう | こじきしよう | kojiki shiyō | |
Negative | 乞食しない | こじきしない | kojiki shinai | |
Negative continuative | 乞食せず | こじきせず | kojiki sezu | |
Formal | 乞食します | こじきします | kojiki shimasu | |
Perfective | 乞食した | こじきした | kojiki shita | |
Conjunctive | 乞食して | こじきして | kojiki shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 乞食すれば | こじきすれば | kojiki sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
乞 | 食 |
こつ Grade: S |
じき Grade: 2 |
kan'yōon | goon |
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit乞食 • (kotsujiki) ←こつじき (kotuziki)?
- (archaic) religious mendicancy
- (archaic) Same as こじき above.
Derived terms
editVerb
edit乞食する • (kotsujiki suru) ←こつじき (kotuziki)?intransitive suru (stem 乞食し (kotsujiki shi), past 乞食した (kotsujiki shita))
Conjugation
editConjugation of "乞食する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 乞食し | こつじきし | kotsujiki shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 乞食し | こつじきし | kotsujiki shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 乞食する | こつじきする | kotsujiki suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 乞食する | こつじきする | kotsujiki suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 乞食すれ | こつじきすれ | kotsujiki sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 乞食せよ¹ 乞食しろ² |
こつじきせよ¹ こつじきしろ² |
kotsujiki seyo¹ kotsujiki shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 乞食される | こつじきされる | kotsujiki sareru | |
Causative | 乞食させる 乞食さす |
こつじきさせる こつじきさす |
kotsujiki saseru kotsujiki sasu | |
Potential | 乞食できる | こつじきできる | kotsujiki dekiru | |
Volitional | 乞食しよう | こつじきしよう | kotsujiki shiyō | |
Negative | 乞食しない | こつじきしない | kotsujiki shinai | |
Negative continuative | 乞食せず | こつじきせず | kotsujiki sezu | |
Formal | 乞食します | こつじきします | kotsujiki shimasu | |
Perfective | 乞食した | こつじきした | kotsujiki shita | |
Conjunctive | 乞食して | こつじきして | kotsujiki shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 乞食すれば | こつじきすれば | kotsujiki sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Etymology 3
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
乞 | 食 |
かたい | |
Grade: S | Grade: 2 |
jukujikun |
For pronunciation and definitions of 乞食 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 乞食, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
editKorean
editHanja in this term | |
---|---|
乞 | 食 |
Noun
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