動く
Japanese
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
動 |
うご Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Attested in the Kojiki of 712.[1] From Proto-Japonic *unkoku.
Likely derived as a compound of うご (ugo, a 擬態語 (gitaigo, “mimetic word”) imitative of something crawling or creeping; compare the sound shapes of roots wrig- or wig- in English wriggle, wiggle) + く (ku, verb-forming suffix).[1] Compare also the related adverb うごうご (ugougo, “wrigglingly, squirmlingly, creepingly: moving in continuous small increments”).
Pronunciation
edit- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "動く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
動く | うごく | [ùgóꜜkù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 動け | うごけ | [ùgóꜜkè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 動かれる | うごかれる | [ùgókáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 動かせる | うごかせる | [ùgókáséꜜrù] |
Potential | 動ける | うごける | [ùgókéꜜrù] |
Volitional | 動こう | うごこー | [ùgókóꜜò] |
Negative | 動かない | うごかない | [ùgókáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 動かなかった | うごかなかった | [ùgókáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 動きます | うごきます | [ùgókímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 動いた | うごいた | [ùgóꜜìtà] |
Conjunctive | 動いて | うごいて | [ùgóꜜìtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 動けば | うごけば | [ùgóꜜkèbà] |
Verb
edit動く • (ugoku) intransitive godan (stem 動き (ugoki), past 動いた (ugoita))
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 動かす |
mediopassive | 動く |
- [from 712] to move
- to stir, shake, shift, swing
- 動くな!国際警察だ。
- Ugoku na! Kokusai keisatsu da.
- Interpol! Don't move!
- , text here:
- 秋田苅、苫手揺奈利、白露志、置穂田無跡、告尓来良思
- aki ta karu, tomade ugoku nari, shiratsuyu shi, oku hoda nashi to, tsuge ni kinu rashi
- The autumn-harvest rush-mat shelter moves [in the wind], as if [the wind] has come to tell us that there are no more fields full of ripe and dew-laden grain...
- 秋田苅、苫手揺奈利、白露志、置穂田無跡、告尓来良思
- 動くな!国際警察だ。
- (as of a machine or device) to operate, run, go, work
- (as of a person or group) to work, go into action
- (emotionally) to be moved, touched, influenced
- to change, vary, fluctuate, waver
- to stir, shake, shift, swing
Conjugation
editKatsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 動か | うごか | ugoka |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 動き | うごき | ugoki |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 動く | うごく | ugoku |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 動く | うごく | ugoku |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 動け | うごけ | ugoke |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 動け | うごけ | ugoke |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 動かれる | うごかれる | ugokareru |
Causative | 動かせる 動かす |
うごかせる うごかす |
ugokaseru ugokasu |
Potential | 動ける | うごける | ugokeru |
Volitional | 動こう | うごこう | ugokō |
Negative | 動かない | うごかない | ugokanai |
Negative continuative | 動かず | うごかず | ugokazu |
Formal | 動きます | うごきます | ugokimasu |
Perfective | 動いた | うごいた | ugoita |
Conjunctive | 動いて | うごいて | ugoite |
Hypothetical conditional | 動けば | うごけば | ugokeba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 動か | うごか | ugoka |
Continuative (連用形) | 動き | うごき | ugoki |
Terminal (終止形) | 動く | うごく | ugoku |
Attributive (連体形) | 動く | うごく | ugoku |
Realis (已然形) | 動け | うごけ | ugoke |
Imperative (命令形) | 動け | うごけ | ugoke |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 動かず | うごかず | ugokazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 動けど | うごけど | ugokedo |
Causal conjunction | 動けば | うごけば | ugokeba |
Conditional conjunction | 動かば | うごかば | ugokaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 動きき | うごきき | ugokiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 動きけり | うごきけり | ugokikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 動きつ | うごきつ | ugokitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 動きぬ | うごきぬ | ugokinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 動けり 動きたり |
うごけり うごきたり |
ugokeri ugokitari |
Volitional | 動かむ | うごかむ | ugokamu |
Related terms
edit- 動かす (ugokasu): to move (transitive)
- うごうご (ugougo): wrigglingly, squirmlingly, creepingly: moving in continuous small increments
- 蠢く (ugomeku): to wriggle, to squirm
- うごなわる (ugonawaru): to gather
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
動 |
いご Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Rare dialectal variation on ugoku above.[1][2]
Attested from the late Muromachi period (1336–1573).[1]
Pronunciation
editVerb
edit動く • (igoku) intransitive godan (stem 動き (igoki), past 動いた (igoita))
Conjugation
editKatsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 動か | いごか | igoka |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 動き | いごき | igoki |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 動く | いごく | igoku |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 動く | いごく | igoku |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 動け | いごけ | igoke |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 動け | いごけ | igoke |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 動かれる | いごかれる | igokareru |
Causative | 動かせる 動かす |
いごかせる いごかす |
igokaseru igokasu |
Potential | 動ける | いごける | igokeru |
Volitional | 動こう | いごこう | igokō |
Negative | 動かない | いごかない | igokanai |
Negative continuative | 動かず | いごかず | igokazu |
Formal | 動きます | いごきます | igokimasu |
Perfective | 動いた | いごいた | igoita |
Conjunctive | 動いて | いごいて | igoite |
Hypothetical conditional | 動けば | いごけば | igokeba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 動か | いごか | igoka |
Continuative (連用形) | 動き | いごき | igoki |
Terminal (終止形) | 動く | いごく | igoku |
Attributive (連体形) | 動く | いごく | igoku |
Realis (已然形) | 動け | いごけ | igoke |
Imperative (命令形) | 動け | いごけ | igoke |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 動かず | いごかず | igokazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 動けど | いごけど | igokedo |
Causal conjunction | 動けば | いごけば | igokeba |
Conditional conjunction | 動かば | いごかば | igokaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 動きき | いごきき | igokiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 動きけり | いごきけり | igokikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 動きつ | いごきつ | igokitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 動きぬ | いごきぬ | igokinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 動けり 動きたり |
いごけり いごきたり |
igokeri igokitari |
Volitional | 動かむ | いごかむ | igokamu |
Etymology 3
editKanji in this term |
---|
動 |
おご Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Rare dialectal variation on ugoku above.[1]
Attested in a text from 1002.[1]
Pronunciation
editVerb
edit動く • (ogoku) intransitive godan (stem 動き (ogoki), past 動いた (ogoita))
Conjugation
editKatsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 動か | おごか | ogoka |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 動き | おごき | ogoki |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 動く | おごく | ogoku |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 動く | おごく | ogoku |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 動け | おごけ | ogoke |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 動け | おごけ | ogoke |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 動かれる | おごかれる | ogokareru |
Causative | 動かせる 動かす |
おごかせる おごかす |
ogokaseru ogokasu |
Potential | 動ける | おごける | ogokeru |
Volitional | 動こう | おごこう | ogokō |
Negative | 動かない | おごかない | ogokanai |
Negative continuative | 動かず | おごかず | ogokazu |
Formal | 動きます | おごきます | ogokimasu |
Perfective | 動いた | おごいた | ogoita |
Conjunctive | 動いて | おごいて | ogoite |
Hypothetical conditional | 動けば | おごけば | ogokeba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 動か | おごか | ogoka |
Continuative (連用形) | 動き | おごき | ogoki |
Terminal (終止形) | 動く | おごく | ogoku |
Attributive (連体形) | 動く | おごく | ogoku |
Realis (已然形) | 動け | おごけ | ogoke |
Imperative (命令形) | 動け | おごけ | ogoke |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 動かず | おごかず | ogokazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 動けど | おごけど | ogokedo |
Causal conjunction | 動けば | おごけば | ogokeba |
Conditional conjunction | 動かば | おごかば | ogokaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 動きき | おごきき | ogokiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 動きけり | おごきけり | ogokikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 動きつ | おごきつ | ogokitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 動きぬ | おごきぬ | ogokinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 動けり 動きたり |
おごけり おごきたり |
ogokeri ogokitari |
Volitional | 動かむ | おごかむ | ogokamu |
References
edit- Japanese terms spelled with 動 read as うご
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese type 1 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 動 read as いご
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 動 read as おご