形而上
Chinese
editto appear; to look; form to appear; to look; form; shape |
and; as well as; but (not) and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast) |
up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (形而上) |
形 | 而 | 上 |
Etymology
editFrom the phrase in the I Ching:
- 形而上者謂之道,形而下者謂之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: I Ching, 11th – 8th century BCE
- Xíng ér shàng zhě wèi zhī dào, xíng ér xià zhě wèi zhī qì. [Pinyin]
- Ways are on the upper end of imagery (beyond a physical image), objects are on the lower end of imagery.
形而上者谓之道,形而下者谓之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄦˊ ㄕㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: síng-érshàng
- Wade–Giles: hsing2-êrh2-shang4
- Yale: syíng-ér-shàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyngerlshanq
- Palladius: синъэршан (sinʺeršan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jing4 ji4 soeng6
- Yale: yìhng yìh seuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jing4 ji4 soeng6
- Guangdong Romanization: ying4 yi4 sêng6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪŋ²¹ jiː²¹ sœːŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
edit形而上
Synonyms
edit- 形上 (xíngshàng)
Antonyms
edit- 形而下 (xíng'érxià)
Derived terms
editJapanese
editKanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
形 | 而 | 上 |
けい Grade: 2 |
じ Jinmeiyō |
じょう Grade: 1 |
kan'on | goon |
Etymology
editCoined by Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujirō in 1881 in his work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) as a translation of English abstract, based on the phrase 形而上者謂之道 in the Book of Changes (《易經》).[1][2][3][4]
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit形而上 • (keijijō) ←けいじじやう (keizizyau)?
- (philosophy) abstract or intangible things
- Antonym: 形而下 (keijika)
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ “形而上”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙 [Dictionary of Philosophy][2], University of Tokyo, page 1
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
editHanja in this term | ||
---|---|---|
形 | 而 | 上 |
Noun
editCategories:
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
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- Chinese terms spelled with 形
- Chinese terms spelled with 而
- Chinese terms spelled with 上
- zh:Philosophy
- Japanese terms spelled with 形 read as けい
- Japanese terms spelled with 而 read as じ
- Japanese terms spelled with 上 read as じょう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms coined by Inoue Tetsujirō
- Japanese coinages
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- ja:Philosophy
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