U+800C, 而
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-800C

[U+800B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+800D]
U+2F7D, ⽽
KANGXI RADICAL AND

[U+2F7C]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F7E]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 126, +0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一月中中 (MBLL), four-corner 10227, composition 𦓐 or 𦉫)

  1. Kangxi radical #126, .

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 961, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28871
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1409, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2810, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+800C

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Pictogram (象形) – a beard. Original form of (OC *nɯːs, *njɯ) or (OC *njɯ).

Etymology edit

"you; your"
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (you). Cognate with (OC *njelʔ) and is considered a variant form thereof.
"then", "and"
Unstressed form of (OC *nɯːʔ) (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 45).

Pronunciation edit



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /əɻ³⁵/
Harbin /ɚ²¹³/
Tianjin /əɻ⁴⁵/
Jinan /əɻ⁴²/
Qingdao /əɻ⁵⁵/
/ɭə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ɭ⁴²/
Xi'an /əɻ²¹/
Xining /ɛ²⁴/
Yinchuan /əɻ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɯ⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɚ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɯ²¹³/
Chengdu /əɻ³¹/
Guiyang /ɚ²¹/
Kunming /ə³¹/
Nanjing /əɻ²⁴/
Hefei /a⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /əɻ¹¹/
Pingyao /əɻ¹³/
Hohhot /aɻ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /əl²³/
Suzhou /əl¹³/
Hangzhou /əl²¹³/
Wenzhou /zz̩³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ə⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ə¹³/
Xiangtan /e¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɵ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /i¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /ji²¹/
Nanning /ji²¹/
Hong Kong /ji²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /li³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /i⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /œ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /zɯ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lɛ²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (38)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter nyi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵɨ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵɨ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵɨ/
Li
Rong
/ȵiə/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ér
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ji4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
ér
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyi ›
Old
Chinese
/*nə/
English and, but

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 2720
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*njɯ/

Definitions edit

  1. and (used to connect two clauses or adjectives)
    偉大艱巨任務 [MSC, trad.]
    伟大艰巨任务 [MSC, simp.]
    wěidà ér jiānjù de rènwù [Pinyin]
    a great and arduous task
  2. then (connecting two verbs or verb-phrases); and
  3. and yet; but; nevertheless (conjunction indicating concession or contrast)
    其實其实  ―  yǒu qí míng ér wú qíshí  ―  in name but not in reality
  4. to (often used with )
    自上  ―  zìshàng'érxià  ―  from top to bottom; top-down
  5. particle between adverbial element and verb to indicate cause, purpose, or manner
    半途半途  ―  bàntú'érfèi  ―  to give up halfway
    不幸言中  ―  bùxìng'éryánzhòng  ―  to make an accurate prediction despite its unfortunate nature
    1. particle between two verbs or verb phrases indicating that the first is used adverbially
      不得其門不得其门  ―  bùdéqímén'ér  ―  to fail to understand (literally, "to be unable to enter by finding the gate")
  6. modal particle indicating hypothetical condition
  7. modal particle indicating tendency or immediate action
  8. (literary) you; your

Synonyms edit

See also edit

  • (, “and”), used to connect two nouns

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term

Jinmeiyō
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC nyi).

Compounds edit

Affix edit

() (ji

  1. Calque of Literary Chinese (ér): and, then, thus

Derived terms edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun 이을 (mal ieul i))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

(eumhun 능히 (neunghi neung))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Việt readings: nhi[1], năng[1]
: Nôm readings: nhi

  1. (Literary Chinese) and, and then

References edit