U+6106, 愆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6106

[U+6105]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6107]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 61, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓心 (HNP), four-corner 21332, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 393, character 35
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10900
  • Dae Jaweon: page 730, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2322, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+6106

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kʰran) : phonetic (OC *lanʔ, *lans) + semantic (heart).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (79)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter khjen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰˠiᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰᵚiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰiæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰian/
Li
Rong
/kʰjɛn/
Wang
Li
/kʰĭɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰi̯ɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hin1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qiān
Middle
Chinese
‹ khjen ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.qʰra[n]/
English exceed, err

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14375
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰran/

Definitions

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  1. (literary) fault; mistake; error; transgression
  2. (literary) to exceed; to surpass; to pass (time); to delay
  3. (obsolete) to suffer an intractable illness

Compounds

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Further reading

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

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  • Go-on: けん (ken)
  • Kan-on: けん (ken)
  • Kun: あやまる (ayamaru, 愆る)たがう (tagau, 愆う)

Korean

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Hanja

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(eum (geon))

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: khiền, khiên

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