Chinese

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lax; negligent
idle; lazy; negligent
idle; lazy; negligent; careless
 
trad. (懈怠)
simp. #(懈怠)

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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懈怠

  1. slack; sluggish; remiss; lax
    紀律懈怠纪律懈怠  ―  Jìlǜ xièdài.  ―  Discipline is lax.

Synonyms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (懈怠):

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
かい
Hyōgaiji
たい
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 懈怠 (X doiX, literally idle + negligent). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(かい)(たい) (kaitai

  1. (law) laches: a kind of lapse wherein an opposing party has neglected to invoke its rights within a certain period of time
  2. (civil law) negligence
  3. laziness, idleness, carelessness
Usage notes
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The Japanese Wikipedia article 懈怠 (法学) describing the legal laches and negligence senses uses the ketai reading. However, dictionaries tend to list kaitai as the primary reading for the legal senses.[1][2]

Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term

Hyōgaiji
たい
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 懈怠 (X doiX, literally idle + negligent). A mixed reading, so likely a later development within Japanese. Uses the goon of ke for the first half, and the kan'on of tai for the second half.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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()(たい) (ketai

  1. laziness, idleness, carelessness
  2. (law) laches: a kind of lapse wherein an opposing party has neglected to invoke its rights within a certain period of time
  3. (civil law) negligence
  4. (Buddhism) spiritual slothfulness: kausidya
Usage notes
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The kedai reading below is more common for the Buddhist spiritual slothfulness sense.

Synonyms
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Verb

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()(たい)する (ketai surusuru (stem ()(たい) (ketai shi), past ()(たい)した (ketai shita))

  1. to be lazy, to be careless
Conjugation
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Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term

Hyōgaiji
だい
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 懈怠 (X doiX, literally idle + negligent). The goon, so likely the original borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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()(だい) (kedai

  1. (Buddhism) spiritual slothfulness: kausidya
  2. laziness, idleness, carelessness
Usage notes
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The ketai reading above is more common for the laziness sense.

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN