懈

懈 U+61C8, 懈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C8 ← 懇 [U+61C7] CJK Unified Ideographs 應 → [U+61C9]

Translingual

Han character

懈 (radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心弓月手 (PNBQ), four-corner 9705₂, composition ⿰忄解)

References

• KangXi: page 405, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11328
• Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2362, character 7
• Unihan data for U+61C8

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Chinese

trad.		懈
simp. #		懈
alternative forms		解 𠢲 𢢣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (解) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
薢	*kreː, *kreːʔ, *kreːs
解	*kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs
檞	*kreːʔ
懈	*kreːs
繲	*kreːs
廨	*kreːs
蟹	*ɡreːʔ
獬	*ɡreːʔ
澥	*ɡreːʔ
嶰	*ɡreːʔ
邂	*ɡreːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kreːs): semantic 忄 + phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiè (xie⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haai⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): hāi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiè
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˋ
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shieh
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siè
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: haai⁶
    • Yale: haaih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hai⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /häːi̯²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāi
    • Tâi-lô: hāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hai
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /haɪ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /haɪ²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠɛ^H/

Rime
Character	懈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古隘切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛH/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæH/
Shao Rongfen	/kæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨjH/
Li Rong	/kɛH/
Wang Li	/kaiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kaiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jià

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kreːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懈
Reading #	1/1
No.	6477
Phonetic component	解
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	懈
Old Chinese	/*kreːs/

Definitions

懈

1. to be lazy

Compounds

• 不懈 (bùxiè)
• 匪懈
• 合作無懈／合作无懈
• 堅持不懈／坚持不懈 (jiānchíbùxiè)
• 夙夜不懈
• 夙夜匪懈

• 奮鬥不懈／奋斗不懈
• 少懈
• 常備不懈／常备不懈
• 懈弛
• 懈怠 (xièdài)
• 懈意

• 懈慢
• 懈話／懈话
• 懈鬆／懈松
• 無懈可擊／无懈可击 (wúxièkějī)
• 鬆懈／松懈 (sōngxiè)

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01451
• “懈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

懈

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. laziness

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: かい (kai)
• Kan’yō-on: げ (ge)
• Kun: おこたる (okotaru)

Compounds

• 懈怠

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Korean

Hanja

懈 (eum 해 (hae))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

懈: Hán Nôm readings: giải

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation