正座

Chinese

		just (right); main; upright just (right); main; upright; straight; correct; principle; Chinese 1st month of year	seat; base; stand seat; base; stand; measure word for large, solid things
simp. and trad. (正座)		正	座

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhèngzuò

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhèngzuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngzuò
    • Wade–Giles: chêng⁴-tso⁴
    • Yale: jèng-dzwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqtzuoh
    • Palladius: чжэнцзо (čžɛnczo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhèngzuòr
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngzuòr
    • Wade–Giles: chêng⁴-tso⁴-ʼrh
    • Yale: jèng-dzwòr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqtzuoll
    • Palladius: чжэнцзор (čžɛnczor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔɻ⁵¹/

Noun

正座

1. seat facing the stage (in a theater)

Japanese

Etymology 1

正座 (seiza): A geisha sitting seiza-style.

Kanji in this term
正	座
せい Grade: 1	ざ Grade: 6
kan’on	goon

Alternative spelling
正坐

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) せーざ [sèézá] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) せ​ーざ [séꜜèzà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [se̞ːza̠]

Noun

正(せい)座(ざ) • (seiza) 

1. sitting (kneeling) in a particular traditional Japanese way (with legs folded under oneself); seiza

Verb

正(せい)座(ざ)する • (seiza suru) suru (stem 正(せい)座(ざ)し (seiza shi), past 正(せい)座(ざ)した (seiza shita))

1. to sit in the seiza way

Conjugation

Conjugation of "正座する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	正座し	せいざし	seiza shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	正座し	せいざし	seiza shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	正座する	せいざする	seiza suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	正座する	せいざする	seiza suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	正座すれ	せいざすれ	seiza sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	正座せよ¹ 正座しろ²	せいざせよ¹ せいざしろ²	seiza seyo¹ seiza shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	正座される	せいざされる	seiza sareru
Causative	正座させる 正座さす	せいざさせる せいざさす	seiza saseru seiza sasu
Potential	正座できる	せいざできる	seiza dekiru
Volitional	正座しよう	せいざしよう	seiza shiyō
Negative	正座しない	せいざしない	seiza shinai
Negative continuative	正座せず	せいざせず	seiza sezu
Formal	正座します	せいざします	seiza shimasu
Perfective	正座した	せいざした	seiza shita
Conjunctive	正座して	せいざして	seiza shite
Hypothetical conditional	正座すれば	せいざすれば	seiza sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Descendants

• → English: seiza

See also

• 跪座(きざ) (kiza), a related way of kneeling
• 胡座(あぐら) (agura), cross-legged sitting

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
正	座
しょう Grade: 1	ざ Grade: 6
goon

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しょーざ [shòózá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ːza̠]

Noun

正(しょう)座(ざ) • (shōza) ^{←しゃうざ (syauza)?}

1. the seat of honor (where honored guests should sit), the seat in the front

Synonyms

• 横(よこ)座(ざ) (yokoza)

Korean

Hanja in this term
正	座

Noun

正座 • (jeongjwa) (hangeul 정좌)

1. Hanja form^? of 정좌 (“sitting (kneeling)”).