正
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
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| Stroke order | |||
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Alternative formsEdit
In complex characters, often written with last two strokes different, as 𤴓; compare 昰 and 是.
Han characterEdit
正 (radical 77, 止+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一卜中一 (MYLM), four-corner 10101, composition ⿱一止)
Usage notesEdit
- (tally marks, 5): The successive strokes of 正 (
) are used in China, Japan, and Korea to designate tallies in votes, scores, points, sushi orders, and the like, much as 
is used in Europe, Africa, Australia, and North America. Tallies beyond five are written with a 正 for each group of five, followed by the remainder. For example, a tally of twelve 
is written as 正正丅.
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 574, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16255
- Dae Jaweon: page 962, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1436, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6B63
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
正 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 正 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (正) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 綻 | *rdeːns |
| 淀 | *deːns |
| 靛 | *deːns |
| 症 | *tjɯŋs |
| 竀 | *rtʰeːŋ, *tʰeŋ |
| 征 | *tjeŋ |
| 怔 | *tjeŋ |
| 正 | *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs |
| 鉦 | *tjeŋ |
| 鴊 | *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs |
| 眐 | *tjeŋ |
| 佂 | *tjeŋ |
| 整 | *tjeŋʔ |
| 政 | *tjeŋs |
| 証 | *tjeŋs |
| 定 | *teːŋs, *deːŋs |
| 顁 | *teːŋs |
| 錠 | *teːŋs, *deːŋʔ, *deːŋs |
| 掟 | *deːŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs): phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic 止 (“foot”) – to go on a long journey. Original form of 征 (OC *tjeŋ, “to go on long campaign”).
EtymologyEdit
Sino-Tibetan or area word: “centre; target; first (month); straight; correct”.
Compare Mizo dîng (“to go straight or direct (as person, arrow etc.); to go straight through without breaking the journey; straight; direct”). Matisoff sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tjak/ŋ ~ tik/ŋ (“good; very; real; straight”) for this, which includes 正, 直 (OC *dɯɡ, “straight; right”) and 實 (OC *ɦliɡ, “solid; true”).
Additionally, Matisoff has Proto-Sino-Tibetan *t(r)waŋ (“straight; straighten”), whence Chepang dʰeŋ- (“straight”), Jingpho ding (“straight”), Tibetan དྲང་པོ (drang po, “straight; correct; upright; just; fair”), Burmese တန်း (tan:, “straight; to head straight for”). Also compare Khmer ទៀង (tiəng, “accurate; correct; exact; precise; honest”).
Derivatives:
- 征 (OC *tjeŋ, “to go straight > to go on a journey”)
- 政 (OC *tjeŋs, “correct; to govern; government; to determine”)
- 整 (OC *tjeŋʔ, “orderly; to arrange; to dispose”)
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
正
- straight; upright; central; in proper position
- Antonyms: 歪 (wāi)
- right; proper; correct
- exact; standardized; just so
- regular-shaped; regular; square
- primary; chief; main
- pure; unmixed; authentic; true
- pretty; attractive; beautiful
- honest; upright; honourable
- (Cantonese) awesome; fantastic
- just now; right now; in the process of
- to straighten; to make straight; to adjust
- to make right; to rectify; to correct
- (tally marks) 5
- (numismatics) obverse
- (numeral) 1040
- (mathematics) positive; plus
- (physics) positive
- (time) sharp
- A surname.
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 正
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See alsoEdit
| Chinese numerals | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 104 | 108 | 1012 | 1016 | 1020 | 1024 | 1028 | 1032 | 1036 | 1040 | 1044 | ||
| 萬／万 | 億／亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) | 京 (Taiwan) | 垓 | 秭 | 穰 | 溝／沟 | 澗／涧 | 正 | 載／载 | ||
| 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China) |
億億／亿亿 (Mainland China) | |||||||||||
Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
正
- first (month of the lunar year)
- † bull's eye; centre of target
- † target; goal
- † Original form of 征 (zhēng, “to levy”).
- † Original form of 征 (zhēng, “to go on a punitive expedition”).
CompoundsEdit
DescendantsEdit
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
正
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: しょう (shō, Jōyō)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kan’on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
- Kun: ただしい (tadashii, 正しい, Jōyō); ただす (tadasu, 正す, Jōyō); まさ (masa, 正, Jōyō); まさに (masani, 正に)
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms
NumeralEdit
- A number of 1040 in modern Japanese since 17th century.
- 5. Similar to four vertical lines followed by a slanted horizontal line crossing through them, this character is used to count to 5 stroke by stroke. Thus this kanji written up to the third stroke represents 3. After the fifth and final stroke, when this character is completed, one starts writing this character again to count to higher numbers.
Proper nounEdit
正 (hiragana ただし, rōmaji Tadashi)
- A male given name
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
正 • (jeong)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.