正

See also: 企, 疋, and 辵

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Stroke order

Alternative formsEdit

In complex characters, often written with last two strokes different, as in 疋; compare 昰 and 是.

EtymologyEdit

Ideogram (指事): 口 + 止 ‎(“foot”) – a foot 止 facing a box, wall 口, indicating “reached the end, completion”. Top component 口 simplified to a line 一 in bronze script.

Han characterEdit

正 (radical 77 止+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一卜中一 (MYLM), four-corner 1010₁, composition ⿱一止)

Usage notesEdit

• (tally marks, 5): The successive strokes of 正 () are used in China, Japan, and Korea to designate tallies in votes, scores, points, sushi orders, and the like, much as is used in Europe, Africa, Australia, and North America. Tallies beyond five are written with a 正 for each group of five, followed by the remainder. For example, a tally of twelve is written as 正正丅.

Derived charactersEdit

• 定 昰 是
• 症 征 (as simplification)

Related charactersEdit

• 疋 乏

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 574, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16255
• Dae Jaweon: page 962, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1436, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6B63

See alsoEdit

• Chinese numeral 正
  • Last: 澗, 涧
  • Next: 載, 载

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		正

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhèng (zheng⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeng³, zing¹, zing³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chang / chṳn
• Min Nan (POJ): chiàⁿ / chiaⁿ / chèng
• Wu (Wiktionary): tsen (T1); tsen (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ
    • Wade-Giles: chêng⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenq
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zeng³, zing¹, zing³
    • Yale: jeng, jīng, jing
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzeng³, dzing¹, dzing³
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛːŋ³³/, /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɪŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chang / chṳn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zang / ziin
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zang⁴ / zin⁴
    • IPA: /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɨn⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàⁿ / chiaⁿ / chèng
    • Tâi-lô: tsiànn / tsiann / tsìng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cviax, cviaf, zexng
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiã¹¹/, /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕiɪŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiã²¹/, /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕiɪŋ²¹/
    • Note: chiàⁿ, chiaⁿ - vernacular, chèng - literary.
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tsen (T1); tsen (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡səɲ⁵³/, /t͡səɲ³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇŋ/, /t͡ɕiᴇŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	正	正
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	諸盈切	之盛切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇŋ/	/t͡ɕiᴇŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛŋ/	/t͡ɕiɛŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiæŋ/	/t͡ɕiæŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciajŋ/	/ciajŋH/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛŋ/	/t͡ɕiɛŋH/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛŋ/	/t͡ɕĭɛŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯ɛŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēng	zhèng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*C.teŋ/, /*teŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjeŋ/, /*tjeŋs/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	正	正
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēng	zhèng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyeng ›	‹ tsyengH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.teŋ/	/*teŋ-s/
English	1st (month)	correct (adj., v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	正	正
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	17171	17178
Phonetic component	正	正
Rime group	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	征	政
Old Chinese	/*tjeŋ/	/*tjeŋs/
Notes	甲文從止丁聲，徵初文

DefinitionsEdit

正

1. straight, upright
2. right, proper, correct
3. exact, standardized, just so
4. primary, chief, main
5. first
6. pure, unmixed
7. pretty
8. honest
9. placed or situated in the middle
10. just now, right now
11. straighten
12. put right, rectify
13. (shapes) regular
14. (mathematics) positive
15. (tally marks) 5
16. (numismatics) obverse
17. 10⁴⁰
18. (Cantonese) awesome

AntonymsEdit

• 歪 (wāi )

CompoundsEdit

Terms derived from 正

• 正在 (zhèngzài)

• 正常 (zhèngcháng)

• 正式 (zhèngshì)

• 正月 (zhēngyuè)

• 正確／正确 (zhèngquè)

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

正

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: しょう (shō) < しやう (shau)
• Kan’on: せい (sei)
• Kun: ただしい (tadashii), まさ (masa), ただす (tadasu)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms

正覚 (しょうがく, shougaku) 正月 (しょうがつ, shougatsu) 正客 (しょうきゃく, shoukyaku) 正直 (しょうじき, shoujiki) 正体 (しょうたい, shoutai) 正札 (しょうふだ, shoufuda) 正法 (しょうぶ, shoubu) 正本 (しょうほん, shouhon) 正味 (しょうみ, shoumi) 正面 (しょうめん, shoumen) 正義 (せいぎ, seigi) 正確 (せいかく, seikaku) 正眼 (せいがん, seigan) 正鵠 (せいこく, seikoku) 正史 (せいし, seishi) 正使 (せいし, seishi) 正式 (せいしき, seishiki) 正規 (せいき, seiki) 正視 (せいし, seishi) 正書 (せいしょ, seisho) 正字 (せいじ, seiji) 正邪 (せいじゃ, seija) 正常 (せいじょう, seijou) 正数 (せいすう, seisuu) 正々堂々 (せいせいどうどう, seiseidōdō) 正則 (せいそく, seisoku) 正道 (せいどう, seidou) 正犯 (せいはん, seihan) 正否 (せいひ, seihi) 正比例 (せいひれい, seihirei) 正文 (せいぶん, seibun) 正論 (せいろん, seiron) 正夢 (まさゆめ, masayume)

NumberEdit

正 (せい, sei)

1. A number of 10⁴⁰ in modern Japanese since 17th century.
2. 5. Similar to four vertical lines followed by a slanted horizontal line crossing through them, this character is used to count to 5 stroke by stroke. Thus this kanji written up to the third stroke represents 3. After the fifth and final stroke, when this character is completed, one starts writing this character again to count to higher numbers.

Proper nounEdit

正 ‎(hiragana ただし, romaji Tadashi)

1. A male given name

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

正 • ‎(jeong)
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 정 (McCune-Reischauer: chŏng, Yale: ceng)

• Name (hangeul): 바를 (revised: bareul, McCune-Reischauer: parŭl, Yale: palul)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

正 (chính, chánh, chếnh, giêng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.