率先

Chinese

		to lead; command; rate to lead; command; rate; frequency	early; prior; former early; prior; former; in advance; first
simp. and trad. (率先)		率	先

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shuàixiān

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seot¹ sin¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): soài-sian / sut-sian

(Teochew, Peng'im): zug⁴ soin¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shuàixiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shuàisian
  - Wade–Giles: shuai⁴-hsien¹
  - Yale: shwài-syān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuayshian
  - Palladius: шуайсянь (šuajsjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    帥先／帅先
    率先
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: seot¹ sin¹
  - Yale: sēut sīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soet⁷ sin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêd¹ xin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵt̚⁵ siːn⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soài-sian
  - Tâi-lô: suài-sian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soaesiefn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /suai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siɛn³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /suai²¹⁻⁵³ siɛn⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sut-sian
  - Tâi-lô: sut-sian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sutsiefn
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sut̚³²⁻⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sut̚³²⁻⁵ siɛn⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zug⁴ soin¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsuk soiⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suk̚²⁻⁴ sõĩ³³/

Verb

率先

to take the lead; to show initiative; to be the first; to set an example

Synonyms

帶頭／带头 (dàitóu)
打頭陣／打头阵 (dǎ tóuzhèn)
拉頭纜／拉头缆 (laai¹ tau⁴ laam⁶) (Cantonese)
拍頭陣／拍头阵 (pah⁴ tao⁵ ding⁷) (Teochew)
㧣頭陣／㧣头阵 (Hokkien)
擎頭／擎头 (Hakka)
牽頭／牵头 (qiāntóu)
起頭／起头 (qǐtóu)
領頭／领头 (lǐngtóu) (colloquial)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (率先):

→ Japanese: 率(そっ)先(せん) (sossen)
→ Korean: 솔선(率先) (solseon)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
率	先
そつ > そっ Grade: 5	せん Grade: 1
kan'on	on'yomi

Alternative spellings
帥先 (uncommon) 卒先 (uncommon, proscribed)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) そっせん [sòsséń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [so̞sːẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

率(そっ)先(せん) • (sossen) ^{←そつせん (sotusen)^?}

taking the initiative, taking the lead

Derived terms

Verb

率(そっ)先(せん)する • (sossen suru) ^{←そつせん (sotusen)^?}intransitive suru (stem 率(そっ)先(せん)し (sossen shi), past 率(そっ)先(せん)した (sossen shita))

to take the initiative, to take the lead

Conjugation

Conjugation of "率先する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	率先し	そっせんし	sossen shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	率先し	そっせんし	sossen shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	率先する	そっせんする	sossen suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	率先する	そっせんする	sossen suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	率先すれ	そっせんすれ	sossen sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	率先せよ¹ 率先しろ²	そっせんせよ¹ そっせんしろ²	sossen seyo¹ sossen shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	率先される	そっせんされる	sossen sareru
Causative	率先させる率先さす	そっせんさせるそっせんさす	sossen saseru sossen sasu
Potential	率先できる	そっせんできる	sossen dekiru
Volitional	率先しよう	そっせんしよう	sossen shiyō
Negative	率先しない	そっせんしない	sossen shinai
Negative continuative	率先せず	そっせんせず	sossen sezu
Formal	率先します	そっせんします	sossen shimasu
Perfective	率先した	そっせんした	sossen shita
Conjunctive	率先して	そっせんして	sossen shite
Hypothetical conditional	率先すれば	そっせんすれば	sossen sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
率	先

Noun

率先 • (solseon) (hangeul 솔선)

Hanja form^? of 솔선.

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