膳

膳 U+81B3, 膳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81B3 ← 膲 [U+81B2] CJK Unified Ideographs 膴 → [U+81B4]

Translingual

Han character

膳 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月廿土口 (BTGR) or 月廿廿口 (BTTR), four-corner 7826₅, composition ⿰月善)

Derived characters

• 𧃇

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 995, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29891
• Dae Jaweon: page 1446, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2113, character 11
• Unihan data for U+81B3

Chinese

trad.		膳
simp. #		膳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 膳
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (善) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
橏	*tjenʔ
嫸	*tjenʔ
善	*ɡjenʔ
譱	*ɡjenʔ
蟮	*djanʔ
鱔	*djanʔ
僐	*djenʔ, *djens
鄯	*djenʔ, *djens
墡	*djenʔ
磰	*djenʔ
繕	*ɡjens
膳	*djens
饍	*djens

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djens) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 善 (OC *ɡjenʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shàn (shan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siān
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶zoe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shàn
    • Wade–Giles: shan⁴
    • Yale: shàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shann
    • Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin⁶
    • Yale: sihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siān
    • Tâi-lô: siān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sien
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɛn²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɛn²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɛn³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶zoe
    • MiniDict: zoe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zø²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzyenH

Rime
Character	膳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	時戰切
Baxter	dzyenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑianH/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛnH/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sin6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*djens/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膳
Reading #	1/1
No.	11094
Phonetic component	善
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	繕
Old Chinese	/*djens/

Definitions

膳

1. ^† to prepare food
2. ^† to offer food
3. ^† meal

Compounds

• 佐膳
• 供膳甘肥
• 問安視膳／问安视膳
• 嘗膳／尝膳
• 廩膳／廪膳
• 廩膳生員／廪膳生员
• 廩膳秀才／廪膳秀才
• 御膳 (yùshàn)
• 御膳房 (yùshànfáng)
• 早膳
• 晚膳 (wǎnshàn)
• 減膳／减膳
• 用膳 (yòngshàn)
• 膳堂 (shàntáng)
• 膳夫
• 膳宿 (shànsù)
• 膳房
• 膳費／膳费
• 膳食 (shànshí)
• 藥膳／药膳 (yàoshàn)
• 進膳／进膳 (jìnshàn)
• 配膳檯／配膳台
• 食膳
• 養膳／养膳

 

Japanese

膳 (zen): Meal trays arranged in rows

Kanji

膳

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. small table; tray

Readings

• Go-on: ぜん (zen, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: せん (sen)
• Kun: そなえる (sonaeru, 膳える); かしわ (kashiwa, 膳); すすめる (susumeru)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
膳
ぜん Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

膳(ぜん) • (zen) 

1. small Japanese meal tray
2. a prepared meal, (especially) food a drink arranged on such a tray

Counter

膳(ぜん) • (-zen) 

1. pairs of chopsticks
2. bowls of rice

Korean

Hanja

膳 (eumhun 반찬 선 (banchan seon))
膳 (eumhun 선물 선 (seonmul seon))

1. Hanja form^? of 선 (“meal”).
2. Hanja form^? of 선 (“gift; present”).

Compounds

• 선물 (膳物, seonmul, “gift; present”)

Vietnamese

Han character

膳 (thiện)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.