諸侯

See also: 诸侯

Chinese

		all; many; various	marquis
trad. (諸侯)		諸	侯
simp. (诸侯)		诸	侯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhūhóu

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ ㄏㄡˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu¹ hau⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chir-hiô / chu-hô͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhūhóu
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ ㄏㄡˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhuhóu
    • Wade–Giles: chu¹-hou²
    • Yale: jū-hóu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juhour
    • Palladius: чжухоу (čžuxou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ xoʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zyu¹ hau⁴
    • Yale: jyū hàuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy¹ hau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju¹ heo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syː⁵⁵ hɐu̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chir-hiô
    • Tâi-lô: tsir-hiô
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ³³ hio²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu-hô͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsu-hôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zu'hoo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hɔ¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyo huw

Rime
Character	諸	侯
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	章魚切	戸鉤切
Baxter	tsyo	huw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨʌ/	/ɦəu/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɔ/	/ɦəu/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiɔ/	/ɣəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨə̆/	/ɦəw/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɔ/	/ɣu/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭo/	/ɣəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯wo/	/ɣə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhū	hóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu1	hau4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ta  [ɡ]ˤ(r)o/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjaː  ɡoː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	諸	侯
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhū	hóu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyo ›	‹ huw ›
Old Chinese	/*ta/	/*[ɡ]ˁ(r)o/
English	many	feudal lord
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	諸	侯
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	16959	5139
Phonetic component	者	侯
Rime group	魚	侯
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	遮
Old Chinese	/*tjaː/	/*ɡoː/
Notes		矦隸變

Noun

諸侯

1. (historical) feudal lord; feudal vassal; member of the Chinese nobility

Synonyms

• 百辟 (bǎibì)
• 列侯 (lièhóu)

Derived terms

• 五諸侯／五诸侯
• 八百諸侯／八百诸侯
• 十二諸侯／十二诸侯
• 命諸侯／命诸侯
• 挾天子以令諸侯／挟天子以令诸侯 (xié tiānzǐ yǐ lìng zhūhóu)
• 挾天子令諸侯／挟天子令诸侯
• 挾天子而令諸侯／挟天子而令诸侯
• 東諸侯／东诸侯
• 猥諸侯／猥诸侯
• 諸侯國／诸侯国 (zhūhóuguó)
• 諸侯王／诸侯王
• 諸侯長／诸侯长

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (諸侯):

• → Japanese: 諸侯(しょこう) (shokō)
• → Korean: 제후(諸侯) (jehu)
• → Vietnamese: chư hầu (諸侯)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
諸	侯
しょ Grade: 6	こう Grade: S
kan’on

Alternative spelling
諸侯 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

諸 (pluralizing prefix) +‎ 侯 (“nobleman; marquis”)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しょ​こー [shóꜜkòò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ko̞ː]

Noun

諸(しょ)侯(こう) • (shokō) 

1. (historical, feudalism) noblemen, especially those with familial ties to an East Asian 皇帝 (kōtei, “huangdi; emperor”), who were ranked by the 五爵 (goshaku, “five ranks”)