章

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

章 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日十 (YTAJ), four-corner 0040₆, composition ⿱立早 or ⿱音十)

Derived charactersEdit

障, 蟑, 嶂, 墇, 嫜, 傽, 彰, 璋, 獐, 幛, 瘴, 暲, 樟, 漳, 慞

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 871, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25761
Dae Jaweon: page 1301, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2709, character 4
Unihan data for U+7AE0

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		章

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 章
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (章) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
章	*kjaŋ
樟	*kjaŋ
彰	*kjaŋ
漳	*kjaŋ
鄣	*kjaŋ
璋	*kjaŋ
嫜	*kjaŋ
獐	*kjaŋ
慞	*kjaŋ
墇	kjaŋ, kjaŋs
障	kjaŋ, kjaŋs
麞	*kjaŋ
蔁	*kjaŋ
暲	*kjaŋ
嶂	*kjaŋs
瘴	*kjaŋs

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhāng (zhang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄤ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җон (žon, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng¹
Gan (Wiktionary): zong¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chông

(Meixian, Guangdong): zong¹
Jin (Wiktionary): zan¹
Min Bei (KCR): ció̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): ciŏng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chiuⁿ / chioⁿ / chiong / chiang

(Teochew, Peng'im): zion¹ / ziên¹ / ziang¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹tsaan
Xiang (Wiktionary): zhan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhang
  - Wade–Giles: chang¹
  - Yale: jāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jang
  - Palladius: чжан (čžan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җон (žon, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoeng¹
  - Yale: jēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃœːŋ⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chông
  - Hakka Romanization System: zong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zan¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sæ̃¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ció̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suoŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Taichung, Hsinchu, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiuⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsiunn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cviw
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Lukang): /t͡ɕiũ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Kinmen): /t͡ɕiũ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chioⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsionn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cvioy
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Tainan): /t͡ɕiɔ̃⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiong
  - Tâi-lô: tsiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciofng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡ɕiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiang
  - Tâi-lô: tsiang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciafng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

chiuⁿ/chioⁿ - vernacular (incl. surname in Taiwan);
chiong/chiang - literary (incl. surname in Mainland China and Taiwan).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zion¹ / ziên¹ / ziang¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsioⁿ / tsieⁿ / tsiang
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sĩõ³³/, /t͡sĩẽ³³/, /t͡siaŋ³³/

Note:

zion1/ziên1 - vernacular (incl. surname) (ziên1 - Chaozhou);
ziang1 - literary.

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ¹tsaan
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑ̃⁵³/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: zhan¹
- Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂan³³/
- Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡san³³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	章
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiaŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*taŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kjaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	章
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhāng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyang ›
Old Chinese	/*taŋ/
English	brilliant; distinctive mark; to display
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	章
Reading #	1/1
No.	16817
Phonetic component	章
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	章
Old Chinese	/*kjaŋ/

DefinitionsEdit

章

chapter; section
九章算術／九章算术 ― jiǔ zhāng suànshù ― The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art

章節／章节 ― zhāngjié ― chapter, section

樂章／乐章 ― yuèzhāng ― (music) movement
composition; structure
文章 ― wénzhāng ― article, essay
rules; regulations; constitution; charter
章程 ― zhāngchéng ― rules; charter
seal; stamp
圖章／图章 ― túzhāng ― stamp, seal
badge; medal; emblem
徽章 ― huīzhāng ― badge, emblem
order (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
雜亂無章／杂乱无章 ― záluànwúzhāng ― confusing and disordered; chaotic
memorial to the throne
奏章 ― zòuzhāng ― memorial to the throne
(Cantonese) mahjong tiles
(alt. form 彰) obvious; well-known
(alt. form 彰) to make manifest; to display; to express
(alt. form 彰) to commend; to praise; to distinguish
- 「殷之三仁」皆暗於前而章於後，何益於事？何補於君？ [MSC, trad.]
  “殷之三仁”皆暗于前而章于后，何益于事？何补于君？ [MSC, simp.]
  From: c. early 1st century, Huan Tan (桓譚), New Treatise (《新論》)
  “Yīn zhī sānrén” jiē àn yú qián ér zhāng yú hòu, hé yì yú shì? Hé bǔ yú jūn? [Pinyin]
  The so-called "three virtuous men of Yin" were all in various forms of oblivion beforehand and were accorded great fame after the fact. How did that help with the matters of their country? What use were there to their prince?
Classifier for chapters, etc.
(Chinese astronomy) the cycle of 19 years (approximate common multiple for the synodic month and tropical year, similar to the Metonic cycle)
章動／章动 ― zhāngdòng ― nutation
- 十九歲為一章。四章為一蔀，七十六歲。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  十九岁为一章。四章为一蔀，七十六岁。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. early 3rd century, Zhao Shuang (趙爽), editor. Zhoubi Suanjing (《周髀算經》)
  Shíjiǔ suì wéi yī zhāng. Sì zhāng wèi yī bù, qīshíliù suì. [Pinyin]
  [The cycle of] nineteen years constitute one zhang. Four zhang make one bu, which is seventy-six years.
a surname. Zhang; Cheung
章子怡 ― Zhāng Zǐyí ― Zhang Ziyi

SynonymsEdit

(chapter): 章段 (zhāngduàn)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 章

三侯之章
不成章
九章
九章律
作文章
便章
保章氏
像章
八股文章
公章 (gōngzhāng)
典章 (diǎnzhāng)
典章制度 (diǎnzhāng zhìdù)
出口成章 (chūkǒuchéngzhāng)
出言成章
千章
印章 (yìnzhāng)
含章
周章 (zhōuzhāng)
大做文章 (dàzuòwénzhāng)
天章
奎章
奏章 (zòuzhāng)
官章
定章
密章
帽章
平章
平章百姓
店章
建章 (jiànzhāng)
引首章
徽章 (huīzhāng)
急就章 (jíjiùzhāng)
成章 (chéngzhāng)
抗章
搜章擿句
摛藻雕章
操翰成章
敷章
文章 (wénzhāng)
文章憎命
文章魁首
文虎章
斐然成章
昄章
明章之治
星章 (xīngzhāng)
有文章
有章
服章
正章
沉吟章句
河女之章
照章 (zhàozhāng)
爪章
牙章
真章
私章
章句
章句之徒
章句儒
章奏
章服 (zhāngfú)

章水
章法 (zhāngfǎ)
章甫
章田寺 (Zhāngtiánsì)
章程 (zhāngchéng)
章程 (zhāngchéng)
章草
章表
章身
篇章 (piānzhāng)
老章程
肩章 (jiānzhāng)
胸章
臂章 (bìzhāng)
表章 (biǎozhāng)
袖章 (xiùzhāng)
褒章
豫章 (Yùzhāng)
辨章
都鄙有章
露章
孔章望斗
文章星斗
下筆成章／下笔成章
九章算術／九章算术
勛章／勋章 (xūnzhāng)
印章學／印章学
周章狼狽／周章狼狈 (zhōuzhānglángbèi)
國光勛章／国光勋章
國光獎章／国光奖章
圖章／图章 (túzhāng)
報章／报章 (bàozhāng)
壓角章／压角章
大塊文章／大块文章
大憲章／大宪章 (Dà Xiànzhāng)
大諫章／大谏章
大費周章／大费周章 (dàfèizhōuzhāng)
官樣文章／官样文章 (guānyàngwénzhāng)
寶章／宝章
寶鼎勛章／宝鼎勋章
尋章摘句／寻章摘句 (xúnzhāngzhāijù)
彈章／弹章
彫章鏤句／雕章镂句
憲章／宪章 (xiànzhāng)
招生簡章／招生简章
援筆成章／援笔成章
摘句尋章／摘句寻章 (zhāijùxúnzhāng)
摛章繪句／摛章绘句
文章鉅公／文章巨公
斷章取義／断章取义 (duànzhāngqǔyì)
斷章截句／断章截句
斷章摘句／断章摘句
景星勛章／景星勋章
會章／会章
榮譽勛章／荣誉勋章
樂章／乐章 (yuèzhāng)
橡皮圖章／橡皮图章 (xiàngpí túzhāng)
殘章斷簡／残章断简
毫無章法／毫无章法
滿腹文章／满腹文章
煞費周章／煞费周章
獎章／奖章 (jiǎngzhāng)
率爾成章／率尔成章

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (章):

→ Japanese: 章(しょう) (shō)
→ Korean: 장(章) (jang)
→ Vietnamese: chương (章)

Others:

→ English: Chang, Zhang, Cheung, Chiang, Cheang, Cheong

ReferencesEdit

“章”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

章

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

章 (eumhun 글 장 (geul jang))

Hanja form^? of 장 (“chapter”).

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

章: Hán Nôm readings: chương

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

章

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

SynonymsEdit

CompoundsEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

NounEdit

Proper nounEdit

CompoundsEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit