諸

諸 U+8AF8, 諸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AF8 ← 諷 [U+8AF7] CJK Unified Ideographs 諹 → [U+8AF9]

諸 U+FA22, 諸 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA22 ← 﨡 [U+FA21] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 﨣 → [U+FA23]

諸 U+FABA, 諸 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FABA ← 調 [U+FAB9] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 請 → [U+FABB]

See also: 诸

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

諸 (radical 149 言+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜口十大日 (YRJKA), four-corner 0466₀, composition ⿰言者)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 1172, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35691
• Dae Jaweon: page 1637, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3982, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8AF8

---

ChineseEdit

trad.		諸
simp.		诸

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
觰	*rtaːʔ, *rtaː
諸	*tjaː, *tja
者	*tjaːʔ
堵	*tjaːʔ, *taːʔ
赭	*tjaːʔ
撦	*l̥ʰjaːʔ
扯	*tʰjaːʔ
闍	*djaː, *taː
奢	*hljaː
鍺	*toːlʔ
都	*taː
醏	*taː
覩	*taːʔ
睹	*taːʔ
暏	*taːʔ
賭	*taːʔ
帾	*taːʔ
楮	*taːʔ, *tʰaʔ
屠	*daː, *da
瘏	*daː
廜	*daː
鷵	*daː
緒	*ljaʔ
豬	*ta
猪	*ta
瀦	*ta
藸	*ta, *da
櫫	*ta
褚	*taʔ, *tʰaʔ
著	*taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ
箸	*tas, *das
儲	*da
躇	*da
櫧	*tja
藷	*tja, *djas
蠩	*tja
煮	*tjaʔ
渚	*tjaʔ
煑	*tjaʔ
陼	*tjaʔ
翥	*tjas
署	*djas
薯	*djas
曙	*djas
書	*hlja
暑	*hjaʔ
鐯	*taɡ
擆	*taɡ
櫡	*taɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjaː, *tja): semantic 言 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).

EtymologyEdit

諸 (*ta, "many, all") is considered a dependent (non-adjunctive) pronoun, gradually replacing 多 (*tlai, “many, all”). The two may be cognate, and it may be conceivable that 諸 had branched off from 多 in the sense "all" as the pre-nominal proclitic with the loss of the final *-i in 多.

Probably also cognate with 都 (dū, “all”).

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhū (zhu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chû
• Min Dong (BUC): cṳ̆
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chir / chu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zu¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T1)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
    • Wade-Giles: chu¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zyu¹
    • Yale: jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju¹
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
    • Hakka Romanization System: zu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zu¹
    • IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sy⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chir
    • Tâi-lô: tsir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ³³/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu
    • Tâi-lô: tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zw
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zu¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsu
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡su³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tsr (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/

---

• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 諸
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/ ～葛 /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ ～位
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂu²¹/ /t͡su²¹/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
	Qingdao	/tʃu²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
	Xi'an	/p͡fu²¹/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂv̩⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂu¹³/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fu³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡su⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡su⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂu³¹/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂu²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡su¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡sz̩ʷ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡su³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sz̩³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷ³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡sz̩³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕy³¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕy¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕy³³/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕy³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕy⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡su⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/tʃu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sy⁵³/
	Nanning	/t͡sy⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sy⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡su⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sy⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sy⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡su³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/t͡si²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨʌ/, /t͡ɕia/▼

Rime
Character	諸	諸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	章魚切	正奢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨʌ/	/t͡ɕia/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɔ/	/t͡ɕia/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiɔ/	/t͡ɕia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨə̆/	/cia/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɔ/	/t͡ɕia/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭo/	/t͡ɕĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯wo/	/t͡ɕi̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhū	zhē

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjaː/, /*tja/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	諸	諸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16959	17000
Phonetic component	者	者
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	遮	諸
Old Chinese	/*tjaː/	/*tja/

DefinitionsEdit

諸

1. many; each; every; all (forming plurals; especially for persons to whom respect is due)

   諸侯 / 诸侯  ―  zhūhóu  ―  all the feudal lords

   諸位 / 诸位  ―  zhūwèi  ―  all those present

   諸子百家 / 诸子百家  ―  zhūzǐbǎijiā  ―  Hundred Schools of Thought

   諸事不宜 / 诸事不宜  ―  zhū shì bù yí  ―  do not do anything today (used in Chinese almanacs)

2. Contraction of 之乎.
3. Contraction of 之於. it + into/onto/unto

   置諸死地 / 置诸死地  ―  zhì zhū sǐ dì  ―  to kill someone (lit. to put someone into the territory of death)

4. A surname​.

CompoundsEdit

• 付諸／付诸
• 訴諸／诉诸 (sùzhū)
• 諸事／诸事
• 諸位／诸位 (zhūwèi)
• 諸侯／诸侯 (zhūhóu)
• 諸侯國／诸侯国 (zhūhóuguó)
• 諸公／诸公 (zhūgōng)
• 諸凡百事／诸凡百事
• 諸君／诸君 (zhūjūn)

• 諸城／诸城 (Zhūchéng)
• 諸城市／诸城市
• 諸多／诸多 (zhūduō)
• 諸如／诸如 (zhūrú)
• 諸如此類／诸如此类 (zhūrúcǐlèi)
• 諸子／诸子
• 諸子十家／诸子十家
• 諸子百家／诸子百家 (Zhūzǐ Bǎijiā)
• 諸將／诸将

• 諸廣山／诸广山
• 諸暨／诸暨
• 諸暨市／诸暨市
• 諸柘／诸柘
• 諸生／诸生
• 諸般／诸般 (zhūbān)
• 諸色／诸色
• 諸葛／诸葛 (Zhūgě)

ReferencesEdit

• (Min Nan) “Query for 諸”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

---

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

諸

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. various
2. many
3. several
4. together

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: しょ (sho)
• Kan’on: しょ (sho)
• Kun: もろ (moro)

---

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

諸 • (je, jeo)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 제, 저 (revised: je, jeo, McCune-Reischauer: che, chŏ, Yale: cey, ce)
  • Name (hangeul): 모두, 김치

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

諸 (chư, chơ, chưa, chã, chở, chứa, đã)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.