諸
See also: 诸
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
諸 (radical 149 言+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜口十大日 (YRJKA), four-corner 04660, composition ⿰言者)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1172, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35691
- Dae Jaweon: page 1637, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3982, character 3
- Unihan data for U+8AF8
ChineseEdit
| trad. | 諸 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 诸 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
| 諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
| 者 | *tjaːʔ |
| 堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
| 赭 | *tjaːʔ |
| 撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
| 扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
| 闍 | *djaː, *taː |
| 奢 | *hljaː |
| 鍺 | *toːlʔ |
| 都 | *taː |
| 醏 | *taː |
| 覩 | *taːʔ |
| 睹 | *taːʔ |
| 暏 | *taːʔ |
| 賭 | *taːʔ |
| 帾 | *taːʔ |
| 楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 屠 | *daː, *da |
| 瘏 | *daː |
| 廜 | *daː |
| 鷵 | *daː |
| 緒 | *ljaʔ |
| 豬 | *ta |
| 猪 | *ta |
| 瀦 | *ta |
| 藸 | *ta, *da |
| 櫫 | *ta |
| 褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
| 箸 | *tas, *das |
| 儲 | *da |
| 躇 | *da |
| 櫧 | *tja |
| 藷 | *tja, *djas |
| 蠩 | *tja |
| 煮 | *tjaʔ |
| 渚 | *tjaʔ |
| 煑 | *tjaʔ |
| 陼 | *tjaʔ |
| 翥 | *tjas |
| 署 | *djas |
| 薯 | *djas |
| 曙 | *djas |
| 書 | *hlja |
| 暑 | *hjaʔ |
| 鐯 | *taɡ |
| 擆 | *taɡ |
| 櫡 | *taɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjaː, *tja): semantic 言 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).
EtymologyEdit
諸 (*ta, "many, all") is considered a dependent (non-adjunctive) pronoun, gradually replacing 多 (*tlai, “many, all”). The two may be cognate, and it may be conceivable that 諸 had branched off from 多 in the sense "all" as the pre-nominal proclitic with the loss of the final *-i in 多.
Probably also cognate with 都 (dū, “all”).
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chû
- Min Bei (KCR): cṳ́
- Min Dong (BUC): cṳ̆
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T1)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
- Wade-Giles: chu1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zyu1
- Yale: jyū
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzy1
- Guangdong Romanization: ju1
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕyː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
- Hakka Romanization System: zu´
- Hagfa Pinyim: zu1
- IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cṳ́
- IPA (key): /t͡sy⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆
- IPA (key): /t͡sy⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tsr (T1)
- IPA (key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 諸 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/ ～葛 /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ ～位 | |
| Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹/ /t͡su²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /tʃu²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /p͡fu²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ʈ͡ʂv̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /p͡fu³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡su⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡su⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂu³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡su¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡sz̩ʷ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡su³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sz̩³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡sz̩ʷ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡sz̩ʷ³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡sz̩³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕy³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕy¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕy³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕy³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕy⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡su⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /tʃu²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sy⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sy⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sy⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /t͡su⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡sy⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡sy⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡su³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /t͡si²³/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 諸 | 諸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 章魚切 | 正奢切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕɨʌ/ | /t͡ɕia/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/cɨə̆/ | /cia/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ɕĭo/ | /t͡ɕĭa/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕi̯wo/ | /t͡ɕi̯a/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhū | zhē |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 諸 | 諸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 16959 | 17000 |
| Phonetic component |
者 | 者 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
遮 | 諸 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tjaː/ | /*tja/ |
DefinitionsEdit
諸
- many; each; every; all (forming plurals; especially for persons to whom respect is due)
- Contraction of 之乎.
- Contraction of 之於. it + into/onto/unto
- A surname.
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- (Min Nan) “Query for 諸”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
JapaneseEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
諸 • (je, jeo)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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