바람

Korean

FWOTD – 14 November 2020

Etymology 1

In the Hangul script, first attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄇᆞᄅᆞᆷ (Yale: pòlòm). Orthographic evidence shows that the eighth-century Old Korean word for "wind" also ended in *-m. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Possibly an ancient borrowing from Old Chinese 風 (OC *plum, *plums, “wind”), but also plausibly an ㅁ (Yale: -m) nominalization of unattested verb *ᄇᆞᆯ다 (Yale: *pol-ta), which would be the regular yang-vowel ablaut pair of Middle Korean 블다 (Yale: pul-ta, “to blow (of wind)”, whence modern 불다 (bulda)).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pa̠ɾa̠m]
• Phonetic hangul: [바람]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	baram
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	balam
McCune–Reischauer?	param
Yale Romanization?	palam

• South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 바람의 / 바람에 / 바람까지

  Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the second syllable, except before consonant-initial multisyllabic suffixes, when it takes full low pitch.

Noun

바람 • (baram)

1. wind, air, draft

   공기의 움직임이 바람이다.

   Gonggi-ui umjigim-i baramida.

   The wind is the movement of the air.

   바람이 많이 분다.

   Baram-i mani bunda.

   The wind is blowing hard.

   • 2003, “하망연 [hamang'yeon]”, in 대장금 OST:

     바람에 지는 아련한 사랑.

     Baram-e jineun aryeonhan sarang.

     A vague love which disappears with the wind.

2. fad; vogue
3. fickleness
4. adultery; infidelity

Derived terms

• 바람에 (barame, “on the verge, by virtue, under the circumstances (of something)”)
• 바람둥이 (baramdung'i, “serial adulterer”)
• 바람막이 (barammagi, “windbreaker”)
• 샛바람 (saetbaram, “east wind”)

Etymology 2

Of native Korean origin. Equivalent to 바라 (bara-, “to desire”) +‎ ㅁ (-m).

Alternative forms

• (nonstandard) 바램 (baraem)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pa̠ɾa̠m]
• Phonetic hangul: [바람]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	baram
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	balam
McCune–Reischauer?	param
Yale Romanization?	palam

Noun

바람 • (baram)

1. desire, expectation, hope

Etymology 3

Of native Korean origin.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pa̠ɾa̠m]
• Phonetic hangul: [바람]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	baram
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	balam
McCune–Reischauer?	param
Yale Romanization?	palam

Noun

바람 • (baram)

1. (obsolete) wall, enclosure, surrounding

Derived terms

• 바람벽 (—壁, barambyeok, “wall, enclosure”)