쌀
| ||||||||||||
| 싸싹싺싻싼싽싾 싿쌀쌁쌂쌃쌄쌅 쌆쌇쌈쌉쌊쌋쌌 쌍쌎쌏쌐쌑쌒쌓 | |
| 시 ← | → 쌔 |
|---|---|
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 菩薩.
In the Hangul script, first attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄡᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: psól). The Middle Korean p- is still preserved in many compounds where 쌀 is the second element, such as 멥쌀 (mepssal) and 찹쌀 (chapssal).
Alexander Vovin argues in a 2015 work that this term could be a Japonic loan, connecting it with Japanese 早稲 (wase, “early-ripening rice”), with two assumptions:[1]
- That the initial p- came from a phonological inability to render initial Japonic w-.
- That the final consonant was originally present in early Japonic but had been eliminated in the insular languages.
Meanwhile, James Marshall Unger presents a case in a 2000 paper[2] that explains a possible derivation for Japanese terms like 早稲 (wase) that have alternating apophonic forms (standalone wase and compounding form wasa-), suggesting instead that these may be cognates with Koreanic terms.
PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [s͈a̠ɭ]
- Phonetic hangeul: [쌀]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ssal |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ssal |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ssal |
| Yale Romanization? | ssal |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 쌀의 / 쌀에 / 쌀까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.
NounEdit
쌀 • (ssal)
Derived termsEdit
- 멥쌀 (mepssal)
- 묵은쌀 (mugeunssal)
- 밀쌀 (milssal)
- 보리쌀 (borissal)
- 쌀가게 (ssalgage)
- 쌀가루 (ssalgaru)
- 쌀가마 (ssalgama)
- 쌀값 (ssalgap)
- 쌀겨 (ssalgyeo)
- 쌀농사 (—農事, ssallongsa)
- 쌀눈 (ssallun)
- 쌀독 (ssaldok)
- 쌀되 (ssaldoe)
- 쌀뒤주 (ssaldwiju)
- 쌀뜨물 (ssaltteumul)
- 쌀밥 (ssalbap)
- 쌀벌레 (ssalbeolle)
- 쌀보리 (ssalbori)
- 쌀부대 (—負袋, ssalbudae)
- 쌀알 (ssaral)
- 쌀장사 (ssaljangsa)
- 쌀장수 (ssaljangsu)
- 쌀죽 (—粥, ssaljuk)
- 쌀풀 (ssalpul)
- 옴쌀 (omssal)
- 웁쌀 (upssal)
- 입쌀 (ipssal)
- 좁쌀 (jopssal)
- 찹쌀 (chapssal)
- 햅쌀 (haepssal)
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Vovin, Alexander, “On The Etymology of Middle Korean psʌr 'rice'”, in Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları[1], issue 25.2, 2015, pages 229-238
- ^ Unger, J. Marshall, “Reconciling Comparative and Internal Reconstruction: The Case of Old Japanese /ti ri ni/”, in Language[2], issue 76.3, 2000, page 655–681