Epicureanism
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Epicurean + -ism. As a pejorative synonym of atheism, both from the philosophy's rejection of deontological morality and from Epicurus's specific belief that the Greek gods—if they did exist—did not concern themselves at all with mankind, its actions, or any system of reward or punishment for them. Doublet of epicurism.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Epicureanism (usually uncountable, plural Epicureanisms)
- (ethics) The philosophical belief that pleasure is the highest good, particularly as advocated by Epicurus with a focus on mental pleasures and on avoidance of pain (ataraxia) through moderation and common virtue.
- (sometimes proscribed) Synonym of hedonism, general pursuit of pleasure, particularly refined and knowledgeable enjoyment of good food, drink, and similar sensual pleasures.
- (obsolete) Synonym of atheism.
Usage notes edit
In modern English, epicurean and Epicureanism typically describes tasteful hedonism and a refined appreciation of luxury and sophisticated pleasures. Some speakers object to the positive connotations of this usage, either owing to a general opposition to sensual pleasures as sinful or owing to its divergence from the beliefs of Epicurus, who specifically counseled against gourmet foods and luxuries. (The opposed school of Cyrenaicism was the branch of Greek philosophy specifically advocating such indulgence.)
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