Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hauhaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kewk-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɑu̯.xɑz/

Adjective

*hauhaz (comparative *hauhizô, superlative *hauhistaz)

1. high

   Antonym: *deupaz, *lēgaz

Inflection

Declension of *hauhaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hauhaz	*hauhai	*hauhō	*hauhôz	*hauhą, -atō	*hauhō
Accusative	*hauhanǭ	*hauhanz	*hauhǭ	*hauhōz	*hauhą, -atō	*hauhō
Genitive	*hauhas, -is	*hauhaizǫ̂	*hauhaizōz	*hauhaizǫ̂	*hauhas, -is	*hauhaizǫ̂
Dative	*hauhammai	*hauhaimaz	*hauhaizōi	*hauhaimaz	*hauhammai	*hauhaimaz
Instrumental	*hauhanō	*hauhaimiz	*hauhaizō	*hauhaimiz	*hauhanō	*hauhaimiz
Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hauhô	*hauhaniz	*hauhǭ	*hauhōniz	*hauhô	*hauhōnō
Accusative	*hauhanų	*hauhanunz	*hauhōnų	*hauhōnunz	*hauhô	*hauhōnō
Genitive	*hauhiniz	*hauhanǫ̂	*hauhōniz	*hauhōnǫ̂	*hauhiniz	*hauhanǫ̂
Dative	*hauhini	*hauhammaz	*hauhōni	*hauhōmaz	*hauhini	*hauhammaz
Instrumental	*hauhinē	*hauhammiz	*hauhōnē	*hauhōmiz	*hauhinē	*hauhammiz

Derived terms

• *hauhalīkaz
• *hauhį̄
• *hauhijaną
• *hauhiþō

Related terms

• *haugaz
• *heuhmô

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hauh
  • Old English: hēah, hēh, hēa — adverb
    • Middle English: heigh
      • English: high
        • Sranan Tongo: hei
        • → German: high
      • Scots: heich
      • Yola: heigh, heighe, heegh, hia, hie
    • Scots: he-, hey-
  • Old Frisian: hāch, hāg
    • North Frisian: huuch (Föhr-Amrum)
    • Saterland Frisian: hoog
    • West Frisian: heech
  • Old Saxon: hōh
    • Middle Low German: hôch, hô
      • German Low German: hooch, hoog
      • Plautdietsch: hüag, huag
  • Old Dutch: hō, hōg
    • Middle Dutch: hôoch
      • Dutch: hoog, hooge (archaic)
        • Afrikaans: hoog
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: hogo
        • Jersey Dutch: hôx
        • Negerhollands: hoog, hok
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: hug, oag
  • Old High German: hōh
    • Middle High German: hōch, hō
      • Alemannic German: hooch

        Walser: hoch, hòch

        Swabian: hauch

      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: hoach, hòach (Sette Comuni)

        Mòcheno: heach

        Northern Bavarian: [hɔːu̯ɣ̊], (comparative) [ˈhɛi̯xɐ], (superlative) [ˈhɛi̯kst]

      • Central Franconian: huh, hiech, hieh (western Moselle Franconian)

        Hunsrik: hogh

        Luxembourgish: héich, héi

      • German: hoch
      • Rhine Franconian: houch, hauch, hoch, hok, houk, huch, huk

        Frankfurterisch: [hoːx], (comparative) [heːʒ̥æ̆], (superlative) [he(ː)kst]

        Pennsylvania German: hooch

      • Vilamovian: huch
      • Yiddish: הויך (hoykh)
  • → Old French: haut (conflated with Latin altus) (see there for further descendants)
• Old Norse: hár, hór, *haugʀ — Old East Norse, hæri
  • Icelandic: hár
  • Faroese: háur
  • Norn: hjog, høg
    • → Scots: hoe
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: håg (< pl. hávir); (dialectal) hå
  • Old Swedish: hø̄gher
    • Swedish: hög
    • → Middle Norwegian: høg (from ca. 1400)
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: høg
        • → Norwegian Bokmål: høg
  • Danish: høj
    • Norwegian Bokmål: høy
    • → Faroese: høgur
  • Old Gutnish: haur
    • Gutnish: haugar, haug, hau
• Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃 (hauhs)
• Vandalic: *oas
• →? Proto-Finnic: *kauka- (see there for further descendants)