Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/əpat

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

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Proto-Malayo-Polynesian cardinal numbers
 <  3 4 5  > 
    Cardinal : *əpat

Etymology

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From earlier *həpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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*əpat

  1. four

Descendants

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  • Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *əpat
    • Central Maluku
      • East Central Maluku
        • Seram
          • Masiwang: fāt
          • Nunusaku
            • Piru Bay
              • East Piru Bay
    • Central Malayo-Polynesian:
      • Sumba-Flores
        • Bima: upa
        • Ende-Manggarai
          • Central Flores
            • Ende-Li'o
              • Palu'e: pa
            • Rembong: pat
          • Manggarainese
        • Flores-Lembata
          • Kedang-Lamaholot
        • Sumba
          • Savu
          • Sumba Island
            • Sumbanese
      • Timor-Babar
        • Nuclear Timor
          • West Timor
            • Roti
        • Southwest Maluku – Kisar
    • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *pat
      • Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih: *fat
        • South Halmahera
          • Buli
            • Buli (Indonesia): fat
      • Proto-Oceanic: *pat
        • Admiralty Islands
          • Western Admiralty Islands
            • Wuvulu-Aua: fa
        • Central-Eastern Oceanic
          • East Fijian
            • Fijian: va
          • Proto-Polynesian: *fa
            • Nuclear Polynesian
              • Ellicean – Eastern Polynesian
                • Anuta: pa
                • Ellicean
                  • Kapingamarangi: haa
                • Tuvalu – Eastern Polynesian
                  • Eastern Polynesian – Northern Outlier
                    • Eastern Polynesian
                      • Marquesic
                        • Hawaiian:
                        • South Marquesan: fa
                      • Rapa Nui: ha
                      • Tahitic
                        • Maori-Moriori
                        • Rarotongan: ā
            • Rennellese: haa
            • Samoan-Tokelauan
            • Tongic
        • Micronesian
          • Gilbertese: a
          • Nuclear Micronesian
            • Kosraean: ah-ŋ
            • Trukic
              • Ponapeic
              • Ulithian-Woleaian
        • Western Oceanic
          • Meso-Melanesian
            • Core Meso-Melanesian
              • Saint Matthias
                • Mussau-Emira: ata
          • North New Guinea
            • Ngero-Vitiaz
          • Papuan Tip
            • Nuclear Papuan Tip
              • North Papuan Mainland – D'Entrecasteaux
                • Dobu-Duau
    • Kowiai: fat
    • Selaru
      • Selaru: at
    • Yamdena: fate / fat
  • Western Malayo-Polynesian: *əpat
    • Barito
      • East Barito
      • West Barito
        • Northwest Barito
    • North Bornean
      • North Sarawakan: *əpat
        • Berawan-Kelabitic
          • Kelabitic
        • Kayan-Murik
          • Kenyah
          • Modang-Kayan
            • Kayan
              • Kayan
                • Rejang Kayan: pat
        • Melanau-Bintulu
          • Bintulu: pat
          • Melanau
            • Central Melanau: pat
    • Proto-Philippine: *əpat
      • Greater Central Philippine
        • Central Philippine
          • Tagalog: apat
          • Visayan
            • Cebuan
            • Central Visayan
              • Peripheral Visayan
            • Western Visayan
        • Gorontalo-Mongondow
          • Gorontalic
          • Mongondowic
        • Mindanao
          • Danao
        • Palawanic
          • Kalamian
            • Calamian Tagbanwa: epat
          • Palawan
      • Minahasan
        • North Minahasan
      • Northern Philippine
        • Northern Luzon
          • Ilocano: uppat
          • Northern Cordilleran
            • Cagayan Valley
            • Casiguran Dumagat Agta: epát
          • South-Central Cordilleran
            • Central Cordilleran
              • Nuclear Cordilleran
                • Bontoc-Kankanay
                • Ifugao
      • Sangiric: *əpat
      • Southern Mindanao
      • Southern Mindoro
    • Sama-Bajaw
      • Bajaw
    • Celebic
      • Southeast Celebic
        • Kaili-Pamona
          • Northern Kaili-Pamona
            • Pamona
          • Southern Kaili-Pamona
        • Muna-Buton
          • Muna-Buton Nuklear
            • Munan
              • Munic
                • Western Munic
          • Wotu-Wolio
            • Wolio-Kamaru
    • Old Javanese: pat
    • Proto-Lampungic: *paʔ
    • Malayo-Sumbawan
    • Northwest Sumatran
      • Batak
        • Northern Batak
        • Southern Batak
      • Northern Barrier
        • Nias-Sikule
        • Simeulue: at
    • South Sulawesi
      • Bugis
      • Makassar
      • Northern South Sulawesi
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