a
TranslingualEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Modification of capital A.
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (upper case A)
- The first letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
SymbolEdit
a
- (IPA) Used in the International Phonetic Alphabet and several romanization systems of non-Latin scripts to represent an open front unrounded vowel.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter A): Áá Àà Ââ Ǎǎ Ăă Ãã Ảả Ȧȧ Ạạ Ää Åå Ḁḁ Āā Ąą ᶏ Ⱥⱥ Ȁȁ Ấấ Ầầ Ẫẫ Ẩẩ Ậậ Ắắ Ằằ Ẵẵ Ẳẳ Ặặ Ǻǻ Ǡǡ Ǟǟ Ȁȁ Ȃȃ Ɑɑ ᴀ Ɐɐ ɒ Aa Ææ Ǽǽ Ǣǣ Ꜳꜳ Ꜵꜵ Ꜷꜷ Ꜹꜹ Ꜻꜻ
- For more variations, see Appendix:Variations of "a".
Further readingEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Abbreviation of atto-, from Danish atten (“eighteen”).
SymbolEdit
a
- atto-, prefix for 10-18 in the International System of Units.
Etymology 3Edit
SymbolEdit
a
- Year as a unit of time, specifically a Julian year or 365.25 days.
Etymology 4Edit
Abbreviation of are, from French are.
SymbolEdit
a
Etymology 5Edit
Abbreviation of acceleration
SymbolEdit
a
Other representations of A:
GalleryEdit
- Letter styles
Upper and lowercase A in Fraktur
Approximate form of Greek uppercase Α (a, “alpha”), the source of both common variants of aA in uncial script
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English and Old English lower case letter a and split of Middle English and Old English lower case letter æ.
- Old English lower case letter a from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case letter a of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚪ (a, “āc”), derived from Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”).
- Old English lower case letter æ from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case ligature æ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚫ (æ, “æsc”), also derived from Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”).
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (letter name)
- The current pronunciation resulted from the Great Vowel Shift. Before the early part of the 17th century, the pronunciation was similar to that in other languages.
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /æ/, /ɑː/, /eɪ/, etc.
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A, plural as or a's)
- The first letter of the English alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
Usage notesEdit
In English, the letter a usually denotes the near-open front unrounded vowel (IPA(key): /æ/), as in pad, the open back unrounded vowel (IPA(key): /ɑː/) as in father, or, followed by another vowel, the diphthong IPA(key): /eɪ/, as in ace.
a is the third most common letter in English.
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
- (Latin script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee/zed (Category: en:Latin letter names)
NumeralEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The ordinal number first, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
NounEdit
- The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
TranslationsEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee/zed (Category: en:Latin letter names)
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English a, from Old English ān (“one; a; lone; sole”). The "n" was gradually lost before consonants in almost all dialects by the 15th century.
PronunciationEdit
- (stressed) IPA(key): /ˈeɪ/
- (unstressed) IPA(key): /ə/
Audio (US), stressed (file) Audio (US), unstressed (file) - Homophone: her (non-rhotic, unstressed)
ArticleEdit
a (indefinite)
- One; any indefinite example of; used to denote a singular item of a group. [First attested prior to 1150][2]
- There was a man here looking for you yesterday.
- 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page vii:
- With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get […]
- 2005, Emily Kingsley (lyricist), Kevin Clash (voice actor), “A Cookie is a Sometime Food”, Sesame Street, season 36, Sesame Workshop:
- Hoots the Owl: Yes a, fruit, is a [sic], any, time, food!
- 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
- Anna, do you have a pen? — Yes. I have a pen in my bag. I have a (stressed) …
Audio (US) (file)
- Anna, do you have a pen? — Yes. I have a pen in my bag. I have a (stressed) …
- Used in conjunction with the adjectives score, dozen, hundred, thousand, and million, as a function word.
- I've seen it happen a hundred times.
- One certain or particular; any single. [First attested between around 1150 and 1350][2]
- We've received an interesting letter from a Mrs. Miggins of London.
- The same; one. [16th Century][2]
- We are of a mind on matters of morals.
- Any, every; used before a noun which has become modified to limit its scope;[1] also used with a negative to indicate not a single one.[3]
- A man who dies intestate leaves his children troubles and difficulties.
- He fell all that way, and hasn't a bump on his head?
- Used before plural nouns modified by few, good many, couple, great many, etc.
- Someone or something like; similar to;[3] Used before a proper noun to create an example out of it.
- The center of the village was becoming a Times Square.
Usage notesEdit
- In standard English, the article a is used before consonant sounds, while an is used before vowel sounds; for more, see the usage notes about an.
TranslationsEdit
See an/translations § Article.
Etymology 3Edit
- From Middle English a, o, from Old English a-, an, on.
- Unstressed form of on.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
- (archaic) To do with position or direction; In, on, at, by, towards, onto. [First attested before 1150][2]
- Stand a tiptoe.
- To do with separation; In, into. [First attested before 1150][2]
- Torn a pieces.
- To do with time; Each, per, in, on, by. [First attested before 1150][2]
- I brush my teeth twice a day.
- 1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, IV-v
- A Sundays
- 2019 February 3, “UN Study: China, US, Japan Lead World AI Development”, in Voice of America[2], archived from the original on 7 February 2019:
- Patent requests for machine learning activities grew on average by 28 percent a year between 2013 and 2016, the study found.
Audio (US) (file)
- (obsolete) To do with method; In, with. [First attested before 1150][2]
- c. 1589–1590, Christopher Marlo[we], Tho[mas] Heywood, editor, The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Ievv of Malta. […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Nicholas Vavasour, […], published 1633, OCLC 1121318438, Act 4, [scene 3]:
- Stands here a purpose.
- (obsolete) To do with role or capacity; In. [First attested before 1150][2]
- To do with status; In. [First attested before 1150][2]
- King James Bible (II Chronicles 2:18)
- To set the people a worke.
- King James Bible (II Chronicles 2:18)
- (archaic) To do with process, with a passive verb; In the course of, experiencing. [First attested before 1150][2]
- 1964, Bob Dylan, The Times They Are a-Changin’
- The times, they are a-changin'.
- 1964, Bob Dylan, The Times They Are a-Changin’
- (archaic) To do with an action, an active verb; Engaged in. [16th century][2]
- 1605~1608 Shakespeare
- It was a doing.
- 1611, King James Bible, Hebrews 11-21
- Jacob, when he was a dying
- 1605~1608 Shakespeare
- (archaic) To do with an action/movement; To, into. [16th century][2]
Usage notesEdit
- (position, direction): Can also be attached without a hyphen, as aback, ahorse, afoot. See a-
- (separation): Can also be attached without hyphen, as asunder. See a-
- (status): Can also be attached without hyphen, as afloat, awake. See a-.
- (process): Can also be attached with or without hyphen, as a-changing
Etymology 4Edit
From Middle English a, ha contraction of have, or haven.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
a
- (archaic or slang) Have. [between 1150 and 1350, continued in some use until 1650; used again after 1950]
- I'd a come, if you'd a asked.
- Oi'd a gen im a clout, if oi'd been theer.from Robert Holland, M.R.A.C., A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Chester, Part I--A to F., English Dialect Society, London, 1884, 1
- 1604, William Shakespeare, Hamlet
- So would I a done by yonder ſunne
- And thou hadſt not come to my bed.
Usage notesEdit
- Now often attached to preceding auxiliary verb. See -a.
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 5Edit
From Middle English a, a reduced form of he (“he”)/ha (“he”), heo (“she”)/ha (“she”) and ha (“it”) (as well as of hie, hie (“they”)).
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ə/
- (it): (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ə/, /ɑ/
PronounEdit
a
- (obsolete outside England and Scotland dialects) He, or sometimes she, it. [1150-1900][2] (clarification of this definition is needed)
- 1599, Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, III-ii:
- a’ brushes his hat o’ mornings.
Etymology 6Edit
From Middle English of, with apocope of the final f and vowel reduction.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
- (archaic or slang) Of.
- The name of John a Gaunt.
- a. 1597, Shakespeare, Henry IV, Part 1, I-ii
- What time a day is it?
- 1598, Ben Jonson, Every man in his humour
- It’s six a clock.
- 1931, A. P. Carter, "When I'm Gone"[3]:
- Two bottles 'a whiskey for the way
Usage notesEdit
- Often attached without a hyphen to preceding word.
Etymology 7Edit
From Northern Middle English aw, alteration of all.
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɔ/
Alternative formsEdit
AdverbEdit
a (not comparable)
AdjectiveEdit
a (not comparable)
Etymology 8Edit
Symbols
SymbolEdit
a
- Distance from leading edge to aerodynamic center.
- specific absorption coefficient
- specific rotation
- allele (recessive)
Etymology 9Edit
AdverbEdit
a
- (crosswords) across
- Do you have the answer for 23a?
Etymology 10Edit
ParticleEdit
a
- Alternative form of -a (“empty syllable added to songs, poetry, verse and other speech”)
- 2001, Louis F. Newcomb, Car Salesman: A Legacy, iUniverse (→ISBN), page 91:
- “I show a you right a here I can fuck a you.” “Is she crazy?” I asked Wyman.
- 2001, Louis F. Newcomb, Car Salesman: A Legacy, iUniverse (→ISBN), page 91:
QuotationsEdit
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.
ReferencesEdit
- “a” in Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief; William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors, The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2002, →ISBN, page 1.
- Philip Babcock Gove (editor), Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (G. & C. Merriam Co., 1976 [1909], →ISBN)
- “a” in Christine A. Lindberg, editor, The Oxford College Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Spark Publishing, 2002, →ISBN, page 1.
Further readingEdit
- a at OneLook Dictionary Search
- a in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
AnguthimriEdit
VerbEdit
a
- (transitive, Mpakwithi) to pull
ReferencesEdit
- Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 184
AbauEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
a
AfarEdit
PronunciationEdit
DeterminerEdit
á
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[4], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
AlbanianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
- According to Orel, the particle and conjunction are etymologically identical. From Proto-Albanian *a and cognate to Ancient Greek ἦ (ê, “indeed”).[1]
- From Proto-Albanian *(h)au, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eu- (“that”). Cognate to Ancient Greek αὖ (aû, “on the other hand, again”). A proclitic disjunctive particle, used with one or more parts of the sentence.
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
a
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Albanian *(h)an, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en (“there”). Cognate with Latin an (“yes, perhaps”). Interrogative particle, usually used proclitically in simple sentences.
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
a
LetterEdit
a (upper case A, lower case a)
- The first letter of the Standard Albanian Latin-script alphabet.
PronunciationEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (1998) , “a part. ('whether'), conj. ('or')”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 1
AmaEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
a
AragoneseEdit
EtymologyEdit
ArticleEdit
a f sg
- the
- a luenga aragonesa ― the Aragonese language
AsturianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
Derived termsEdit
NounEdit
a f
- a (name of the letter A, a)
AzerbaijaniEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a lower case (upper case A)
- The first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) hərf; Aa, Bb, Cc, Çç, Dd, Ee, Əə, Ff, Gg, Ğğ, Hh, Xx, Iı, İi, Jj, Kk, Qq, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Öö, Pp, Rr, Ss, Şş, Tt, Uu, Üü, Vv, Yy, Zz
BambaraEdit
ArticleEdit
a
- the (definite article).
InterjectionEdit
a
PronounEdit
a
SynonymsEdit
- (they): u
BasqueEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Basque alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L, l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
NounEdit
a (indeclinable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter A.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta
BavarianEdit
ArticleEdit
a
Belizean CreoleEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
ReferencesEdit
- Crosbie, Paul, ed. (2007), Kriol-Inglish Dikshineri: English-Kriol Dictionary. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, p. 19.
CatalanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Catalan alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) alfabet català; Aa, Bb, Cc, (Çç), Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, (L·Ll·l), Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
Etymology 2Edit
From Latin ad, from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
- in, at; indicating a particular time or place
- Sóc a Barcelona.
- I am in Barcelona.
- to; indicating movement towards a particular place
- Vaig a Barcelona.
- I'm going to Barcelona.
- to; indicating a target or indirect object
- Escric una carta a la meva àvia.
- I'm writing my grandmother a letter.
- per
- by
- dia a dia.
- day by day.
Usage notesEdit
When the preposition a is followed by a masculine definite article, el or els, it is contracted with it to the forms al and als respectively. If el would be elided to the form l’ because it is before a word beginning with a vowel, the elision to a l’ takes precedence over contracting to al.
The same occurs with the salat article es, to form as except where es would be elided to s’.
Derived termsEdit
Chayuco MixtecEdit
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
ConjunctionEdit
a
ReferencesEdit
- Pensinger, Brenda J. (1974) Diccionario mixteco-español, español-mixteco (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 18)[5] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Educación Extraescolar en el Medio Indígena, pages 3, 110
ChuukeseEdit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
a
AdjectiveEdit
a
- he is
- she is
- it is
Related termsEdit
Present and past tense | Negative tense | Future | Negative future | Distant future | Negative determinate | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First person | ua | use | upwe | usap | upwap | ute |
Second person | ka, ke | kose, kese | kopwe, kepwe | kosap, kesap | kopwap, kepwap | kote, kete | |
Third person | a | ese | epwe | esap | epwap | ete | |
Plural | First person | aua (exclusive) sia (inclusive) |
ause (exclusive) sise (inclusive) |
aupwe (exclusive) sipwe (inclusive) |
ausap (exclusive) sisap (inclusive) |
aupwap (exclusive) sipwap (inclusive) |
aute (exclusive) site (inclusive) |
Second person | oua | ouse | oupwe | ousap | oupwap | oute | |
Third person | ra, re | rese | repwe | resap | repwap | rete |
CimbrianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- an (Sette Comuni)
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, a”). Cognate with German ein, English one.
ArticleEdit
a (oblique masculine an)
ReferencesEdit
- “a” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
CornishEdit
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
a
- Marks the following verb to the preceding subject.
PrepositionEdit
a
- of (Expresses separation, origin, composition/substance or a quality)
- of (Comes between a preceding large number and a following plural noun to express quantity)
- from (Indicates provenance)
InflectionEdit
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
First person | ahanaf | ahanan |
Second person | ahanas | ahanowgh |
Third person | anodho (m) anedhy (f) |
anodhans, anedha |
CorsicanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From the earlier la. Compare Portuguese a and Aragonese a.
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): /ˈa/
- Homophones: à, hà
ArticleEdit
a f (masculine u, masculine plural i, feminine plural e)
- the (feminine)
Usage notesEdit
- Before a vowel, a turns into l'
PronounEdit
a f
Usage notesEdit
- Before a vowel, a turns into l'
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
CzechEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *a.
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
a
Further readingEdit
- a in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- a in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
DalmatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
DanishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Danish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) bogstav; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz, Ææ, Øø, Åå
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
a n (singular definite a'et, plural indefinite a'er)
InflectionEdit
Etymology 3Edit
Alternative formsEdit
- à (unofficial but common)
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
Etymology 4Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
a
- imperative of ae
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle Dutch â, from Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
a f (plural a's, diminutive aatje n)
Related termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch *jū, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iu, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, a West Germanic variant of *izwiz. Doublet of u.
PronounEdit
a
SynonymsEdit
EgyptianEdit
RomanizationEdit
a
EmilianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
a (personal, nominative case)
Alternative formsEdit
Related termsEdit
Number | Person | Gender | Disjunctive (tonic) |
Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Reflexive (-self) |
Comitative (with) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | mè | a | me | mêg | ||
Second | — | tè | et | te | têg | |||
Third | Masculine | ló | al | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | lê | la | ||||||
Plural | First | Masculine | nuēter | a | se | nōsk | ||
Feminine | nuētri | |||||||
Second | Masculine | vuēter | a | ve | vōsk | |||
Feminine | vuētri | |||||||
Third | Masculine | lôr | i | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | el | li |
EsperantoEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Esperanto alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) litero; Aa, Bb, Cc, Ĉĉ, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ĝĝ, Hh, Ĥĥ, Ii, Jj, Ĵĵ, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Ŝŝ, Tt, Uu, Ŭŭ, Vv, Zz
NounEdit
a (accusative singular a-on, plural a-oj, accusative plural a-ojn)
- The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo (Category: eo:Latin letter names)
EstonianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Estonian alphabet, called aa and written in the Latin script.
NounEdit
a
ConjunctionEdit
a
- (colloquial, in fast speech) but
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)
FalaEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Portuguese á, from Latin illa (“that”).
ArticleEdit
a f (plural as, masculine o, masculine plural os)
- feminine singular of definite article o
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
- A grandeda da lengua española é indiscotibli, i sei estudio, utilización defensa debin sel algo consostancial a nos, […]
- The greatness of the Spanish language is unquestionable, and its study, use and defense must be something consubstantial to us, […]
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Portuguese a, from Latin ad (“to”), from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near, at”).
PrepositionEdit
a
- to
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
- A grandeda da lengua española é indiscotibli, i sei estudio, utilización defensa debin sel algo consostancial a nos, […]
- The greatness of the Spanish language is unquestionable, and its study, use and defense must be something consubstantial to us, […]
FaroeseEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (upper case A)
- The first letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) bókstavur; Aa, Áá, Bb, Dd, Ðð, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Íí, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Óó, Pp, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Úú, Vv, Yy, Ýý, Ææ, Øø
FinnishEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Finnish alphabet, called aa and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö
NounEdit
a
Usage notesEdit
Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.
DeclensionEdit
Declension of a (type maa)
|
FrenchEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
NounEdit
a m or f (plural as)
- a, The name of the Latin-script letter A.
Etymology 2Edit
Quebec eye-dialect spelling of elle.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
a f
- (Quebec, colloquial) alternative form of elle (“she”)
- (Can we add an example for this sense?)
Etymology 4Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
a
- third-person singular present indicative of avoir
- Elle a un chat.
- She has a cat.
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
- "a" in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language)
FulaEdit
Etymology 1Edit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Usage notesEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
a
- you (second person singular subject pronoun; short form)
Usage notesEdit
- Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).
- Used in all conjugations except the affirmative non-accomplished, where the long form is used instead.
See alsoEdit
- aɗa (second person singular subject pronoun; long form), hiɗa (variant used in the Pular dialect of Futa Jalon)
- aan (emphatic form)
GalicianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
- to, toward; indicating direction of motion
- introduces indirect object
- used to indicate time of an action
- (with de) to, until; used to indicate the end of a range
- de cinco a oito ― from five to eight
- by, on, by means of; expresses a mode of action
- a pé ― on foot
- for; indicates price or cost
Usage notesEdit
The preposition a regularly forms contractions when it precedes the definite article o, a, os, and as. For example, a o ("to the") contracts to ao or ó, and a a ("to the") contracts to á.
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Portuguese a, from Latin illa, feminine of ille (“that”).
PronunciationEdit
ArticleEdit
a f (masculine singular o, feminine plural as, masculine plural os)
- (definite) the
Usage notesEdit
The definite article o (in all its forms) regularly forms contractions when it follows the prepositions a (“to”), con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”). For example, con a (“with the”) contracts to coa, and en a (“in the”) contracts to na.
Also, the definite article presents a second form that could be represented as <-lo/-la/-los/-las>, or either lack any specific representation. Its origin is in the assimilation of the last consonant of words ended in -s or -r, due to sandhi, with the /l/ present in the article in pre-Galician-Portuguese period. So Vou comer o caldo or Vou come-lo caldo are representations of /ˈβowˈkomelo̝ˈkaldo̝/ ("I'm going to have my soup"). This phenomenon, rare in Portuguese, is already documented in 13th century Medieval Galician texts, as the Cantigas de Santa Maria.[1]
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
a m (plural as)
- a (name of the letter A, a)
Etymology 4Edit
See the etymology of the main entry.
PronounEdit
a
- accusative of ela
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Vaz Leão, Ângela (2000) , “Questões de linguagem nas Cantigas de Santa Maria, de Afonso X”, in Scripta[1], volume 4, issue 7, DOI: , retrieved 16 November 2017, pages 11-24
GermanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the German alphabet, written in the Latin script.
NounEdit
a n (genitive a or as, plural a or as)
- Alternative form of A
DeclensionEdit
Usage notesEdit
The genitive and plural forms as are colloquial.
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
a
GilberteseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
a
GothicEdit
RomanizationEdit
a
- Romanization of 𐌰
Grass KoiariEdit
PronounEdit
a
- you (singular)
ReferencesEdit
- Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics
Haitian CreoleEdit
PronunciationEdit
ArticleEdit
a
Usage notesEdit
This term only follows words that end with an oral (non-nasal) consonant and an oral vowel in that order, and can only modify singular nouns.
See alsoEdit
HawaiianEdit
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
a
PrepositionEdit
a
Usage notesEdit
- Used for acquired possessions, while o is used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars).
HungarianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
See az.
PronunciationEdit
ArticleEdit
a (definite)
Usage notesEdit
Used before words starting with a consonant.
Related termsEdit
- az, for words starting with a vowel
PronounEdit
a (demonstrative)
- (rare, except before postpositions) that
- A mellett a ház mellett vártam rá. ― I waited for him/her next to that house.
DeterminerEdit
a (demonstrative)
- (rare, only in some fixed phrases beginning with a consonant, as a counterpart of az, followed by no article) that
- Foglalja össze, miről szóltak az a heti beszédek és leckék. ― Summarize what that week's sermons and lessons were about.[1]
- Meg nem erősített hírek szerint november 12-én, az a havi frissítőkedden jelenhet meg. ― According to unconfirmed reports, it may be released on November 12th, on the Patch Tuesday of that month.
- Kérjük szíves tájékoztatásukat a tekintetben, hogy… (equivalent to abban a tekintetben, see az) ― We kindly request your information in that aspect what…
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
- (letter or phoneme itself): IPA(key): [ˈɒː][2]
- (identifier or musical note): IPA(key): [ˈaː] (in the names of minor scales; see also A)
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
ReferencesEdit
- ^ a heti at e-nyelv.hu
- ^ Siptár, Péter and Miklós Törkenczy. The Phonology of Hungarian. The Phonology of the World’s Languages. Oxford University Press, 2007. →ISBN, p. 280
Further readingEdit
- a in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress)
IcelandicEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (upper case A)
- The first letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.
NounEdit
a ?
- The name of the Latin-script letter A.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö
IdoEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L, l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
NounEdit
a (plural a-i)
- The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letter names) litero; a, be, ce, che, de, e, fe, ge, he, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, pe, que, re, se, she, te, u, ve, we, xe, ye, ze (Category: io:Latin letter names)
PrepositionEdit
a
Related termsEdit
Indo-PortugueseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Portuguese a.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
- to
- 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3 (in German):
- […] , que da-cá su quião que ta pertencê a êll.
- […] , to give him his share which belongs to him.
InterlinguaEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
Derived termsEdit
InupiaqEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
a
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *esyo (the final vowel triggering lenition), feminine Proto-Celtic *esyās (the final -s triggering h-prothesis), plural Proto-Celtic *eysom (the final nasal triggering eclipsis), all from the genitive forms of Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Welsh ei.
DeterminerEdit
a (triggers lenition)
- his, its
- a athair agus a mháthair ― his father and mother
- Chaill an t-éan a chleití.
- The bird lost its feathers.
DeterminerEdit
a (triggers h-prothesis)
- her, its
- a hathair agus a máthair ― her father and mother
- Bhris an mheaig a heiteog.
- The magpie broke its wing.
DeterminerEdit
a (triggers eclipsis)
- their
- a n-athair agus a máthair ― their father and mother
- a dtithe ― their houses
- a n-ainmneacha ― their names
- (Connacht) our
- (Connacht) your (plural)
See alsoEdit
Number | Person (and gender) | Conjunctive (emphatic) |
Disjunctive (emphatic) |
Possessive determiner |
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | mé (mise) |
mo L m' before vowel sounds | |
Second | tú (tusa)1 |
thú (thusa) |
do L d' before vowel sounds | |
Third masculine | sé (seisean) |
é (eisean) |
a L | |
Third feminine | sí (sise) |
í (ise) |
a H | |
Plural | First | muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne) |
ár E | |
Second | sibh (sibhse)1 |
bhur E | ||
Third | siad (siadsan) |
iad (iadsan) |
a E |
DeterminerEdit
a (triggers lenition)
- how (used with an abstract noun)
- A ghéire a labhair sí!
- How sharply she spoke!
- A fheabhas atá sé!
- How good it is!
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
(Is this form from Proto-Indo-European *h₁énos?)
From the older form "an"
a (triggers lenition except of d’ and of past autonomous forms)
- Introduces a direct relative clause, takes the independent form of an irregular verb
- an fear a chuireann síol ― the man who sows seed
- an síol a chuireann an fear ― the seed that the man sows
- an síol a cuireadh ― the seed that was sown
- nuair a bhí mé óg ― when I was young
- an cat a d'ól an bainne ― the cat that drank the milk
PronounEdit
a (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of an irregular verb; not used in the past tense except with some irregular verbs)
- Introduces an indirect relative clause
- an bord a raibh leabhar air ― the table on which there was a book
- an fear a bhfuil a mhac ag imeacht ― the man whose son is going away
Related termsEdit
- ar (used with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)
PronounEdit
a (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of an irregular verb; not used in the past tense except with some irregular verbs)
- all that, whatever
- Sin a bhfuil ann.
- That's all that is there.
- An bhfuair tú a raibh uait?
- Did you get all that you wanted?
- Íocfaidh mé as a gceannóidh tú.
- I will pay for whatever you buy.
Related termsEdit
- ar (used with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)
Etymology 3Edit
ParticleEdit
a (triggers lenition)
- Introduces a vocative
- A Dhia!
- O God!
- A dhuine uasail!
- Sir!
- Tar isteach, a Sheáin.
- Come in, Seán.
- A amadáin!
- You fool!
Etymology 4Edit
ParticleEdit
a (triggers h-prothesis)
- Introduces a numeral
- a haon, a dó, a trí... ― one, two, three...
- Séamas a Dó ― James the Second
- bus a seacht ― bus seven
Etymology 5Edit
Originally a reduced form of do.
PrepositionEdit
a (plus dative, triggers lenition)
- to (used with verbal nouns)
- síol a chur ― to sow seed
- uisce a ól ― to drink water
- an rud atá sé a scríobh ― what he is writing
- D’éirigh sé a chaint.
- He rose to speak.
- Téigh a chodladh.
- Go to sleep.
MutationEdit
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
a | n-a | ha | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- "a" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 a (vocative particle)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “2 a (‘his, her, their’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “3 a (particle used before numerals)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “4 a (‘that which’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
IstriotEdit
EtymologyEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
- at
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
- A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
- At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,
- A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
ParticleEdit
a
- emphasises a verb; mandatory with impersonal verbs
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
- A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
- At the stern, at the bow everything is flags,
- A poûpa, a prùa a xì doûto bandere,
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:
ItalianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Latin ā (the name of the letter A).
NounEdit
a f (invariable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter A.; a
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, i lunga, kappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon, zeta
Etymology 2Edit
From Latin ad, from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”). In a few phrases, a stems from Latin a, ab.[1]
PrepositionEdit
a
- in
- at
- to
- Indicates the direct object, mainly to avoid confusion when it, the subject, or both are displaced, or for emphasis
- A me non importa.
- It doesn’t matter to me.
- (literally, “To me it doesn’t matter.”)
- A lei non piace, ma a lui piace molto.
- She doesn't like it, but he likes it very much.
Usage notesEdit
- When followed by a word that begins with a vowel sound, the form ad is used instead.
- When followed by the definite article, a combines with the article to produce the following combined forms:
a + article Combined form a + il al a + lo allo a + l' all' a + i ai a + gli agli a + la alla a + le alle
Etymology 3Edit
VerbEdit
a
- Misspelling of ha.
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Angelo Prati, "Vocabolario Etimologico Italiano", Torino, 1951
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
a
K'iche'Edit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
a
- masculine youth indicator
AdverbEdit
a
- (interrogatory) indicator of question
PronounEdit
a
- your
ReferencesEdit
- Allen J. Christenson, Kʼiche-English dictionary, page 7
KabuverdianuEdit
LetterEdit
a (uppercase A)
- The first letter of the Kabuverdianu alphabet, written in the Latin script.
ReferencesEdit
- Gonçalves, Manuel (2015) Capeverdean Creole-English dictionary, →ISBN
KabyleEdit
Alternative formsEdit
DeterminerEdit
a
- this
- a rgaz a
- this man
KalashaEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Sanskrit अहम् (aham), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂om.
PronounEdit
a (Arabic آ)
- I (1st-person personal pronoun)
See alsoEdit
KoitabuEdit
PronounEdit
a
- you (singular)
ReferencesEdit
- Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics
KrisaEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
a m
- pig
- Nana a doma.
- I shot your pig.
ReferencesEdit
- Donohue, Mark and San Roque, Lila. I'saka: a sketch grammar of a language of north-central New Guinea. (Pacific Linguistics, 554.) (2004).
LadinEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
Derived termsEdit
LashiEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
a
ReferencesEdit
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[6], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
LatgalianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Shortened from an older Baltic form *ā, which cognates with Lithuanian o (the same meaning).
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
a f
ParticleEdit
a f
LatinEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through Etruscan.
PronunciationEdit
(letter name):
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- (sometimes with littera) the first letter of the Latin alphabet.
- littera a ― the letter a
Etymology 2Edit
From Etruscan [Term?].
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ā f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter A.
Coordinate termsEdit
- (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta
ReferencesEdit
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32
Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū — each, again, with a long vowel sound.
Etymology 3Edit
Alternative form of ab by apocope (not used before a vowel or h).
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
ā (+ ablative)
- (indicating ablation): from, away from, out of
- (indicating ablation): down from
- (indicating agency): (source of action or event) by, by means of
- (indicating instrumentality): (source of action or event) by, by means of, with
- (indicating association): to, with
- Heauton Timorumenos (“The Self-Tormentor”) by Publius Terentius Afer
- Homo sum, humani nihil ā me alienum puto.
- I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.
- Homo sum, humani nihil ā me alienum puto.
- Heauton Timorumenos (“The Self-Tormentor”) by Publius Terentius Afer
- (indicating location): at, on, in
- (time) after, since
Usage notesEdit
Used in conjunction with passive verbs to mark the agent.
- Liber ā discipulō aperītur.
- The book is opened by the student.
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 4Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ā
LatvianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Latvian alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latvian letters) latviešu burti; Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
a m (invariable)
- The name of the Latin script letter A/a.
See alsoEdit
- (Latvian letter names) latviešu burtu vārdi; a, garais ā, bē, cē, čē, dē, e, garais ē, ef, gā, ģē, hā, i, garais ī, jē, kā, ķē, el, eļ, em, en, eņ, o, pē, er, es, eš, tē, u, garais ū, vē, zē, žē
LigurianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Ligurian Definite Articles | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
masculine | o | i |
feminine | a | e |
ArticleEdit
a f sg (plural e)
Etymology 2Edit
From Latin ad, from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near”, “at”).
PrepositionEdit
a
- in
- at
- to
- Vàddo a câza. ― I'm going home. (literally, “I go to home.”)
- Indicates the direct object, mainly to avoid confusion when it, the subject, or both are displaced, or for emphasis
- A mæ seu ghe fa mâ 'n bràsso. ― My sister's arm hurts. (literally, “To my sister an arm hurts.”)
LivonianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (upper case A)
- The first letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Louisiana Creole FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
VerbEdit
a
- to have
Lower SorbianEdit
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
a
Further readingEdit
- a in Ernst Muka/Mucke (St. Petersburg and Prague 1911–28): Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow / Wörterbuch der nieder-wendischen Sprache und ihrer Dialekte. Reprinted 2008, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.
- a in Manfred Starosta (1999): Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.
LushootseedEdit
LetterEdit
a
- The second letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as an open back unrounded vowel.
MalayEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
MalteseEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z
MandarinEdit
RomanizationEdit
a (Zhuyin ˙ㄚ)
a
- Nonstandard spelling of ā.
- Nonstandard spelling of á.
- Nonstandard spelling of ǎ.
- Nonstandard spelling of à.
Usage notesEdit
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
MandinkaEdit
PronounEdit
a
- he, him (personal pronoun)
- A m busa ― He/she struck me.
- Y a busa ― They struck him/her.
- she, her (personal pronoun)
- it (personal pronoun)
See alsoEdit
MaoriEdit
ParticleEdit
a
Usage notesEdit
- When used in the sense of of, suggests that the possessor has control of the relationship (alienable possession).
Mezquital OtomiEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
a
- Expresses satisfaction, pity, fright, or admiration.
Etymology 2Edit
Alternative formsEdit
- ʼa (obsolete)
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
a
- (transitive) wake, awaken
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Otomi *ʔɔ, from Proto-Otomian *ʔɔ.
Alternative formsEdit
- ʼá (obsolete)
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
a
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Andrews, Enriqueta (1950) Vocabulario otomí de Tasquillo, Hidalgo[7] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 1
- Hernández Cruz, Luis; Victoria Torquemada, Moisés (2010) Diccionario del hñähñu (otomí) del Valle del Mezquital, estado de Hidalgo (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 45)[8] (in Spanish), second edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 3
Middle DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Dutch ā, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂.
NounEdit
â f
InflectionEdit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
DescendantsEdit
- Dutch: a
Further readingEdit
- “a (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
Middle EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronounEdit
a
- (Late Middle English) Alternative form of I (“I”)
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
a
- Alternative form of heo (“she”)
Etymology 3Edit
PronounEdit
a
- Alternative form of he (“he”)
Etymology 4Edit
PronounEdit
a
- Alternative form of he (“they”)
Middle FrenchEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old French [Term?], from Latin ad.
Alternative formsEdit
- à (after 1550)
PrepositionEdit
a
Etymology 2Edit
From Old French [Term?], from Latin habet.
VerbEdit
a
Middle WelshEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
a (triggers lenition)
- O (vocative particle)
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
a (triggers lenition)
ParticleEdit
a (triggers lenition)
- inserted before the verb when the subject of direct object precedes it
Etymology 3Edit
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
a (triggers lenition)
- used to introduce a direct question
- whether (used to introduce an indirect question)
Etymology 4Edit
Reduction of o (“from”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
- used between a focused adjective and the noun it modifies
- Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
- bychan a dial oed yn lloski ni, neu yn dienydyaw am y mab
- it will be small vengeance if we are burnt or put to death because of the child
- bychan a dial oed yn lloski ni, neu yn dienydyaw am y mab
- Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
Etymology 5Edit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
a (triggers aspiration)
Etymology 6Edit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
a (triggers aspiration)
Etymology 7Edit
From Proto-Celtic *ageti, third-person singular present indicative of *ago-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
a
MutationEdit
Middle Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Soft | Nasal | H-prothesis |
a | unchanged | unchanged | ha |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Min NanEdit
For pronunciation and definitions of a – see 阿. (This character, a, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 阿.) |
Mopan MayaEdit
ArticleEdit
a
ReferencesEdit
- Hofling, Charles Andrew (2011). Mopan Maya–Spanish–English Dictionary, University of Utah Press.
Mountain KoiariEdit
PronounEdit
a
- you (singular)
ReferencesEdit
- Terry Crowley, Claire Bowern, An Introduction to Historical Linguistics
MòchenoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, a”). Cognate with German ein, English one.
ArticleEdit
a (oblique masculine an)
ReferencesEdit
- “a” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
NauruanEdit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
a
- I (first person singular pronoun)
- 2000, Lisa M Johnson, Firstness of Secondness in Nauruan Morphology (in English):
- a pudun
- 1sing fall+Vn
I fell
- 1sing fall+Vn
- […]
- a nuwawen
- 1pers.sing. go+Vn
I did go. (I left.)
- 1pers.sing. go+Vn
- […]
- a kaiotien aem
- [1pers.sing.] [hear+Vn] [your words]
I hear what you said.
- [1pers.sing.] [hear+Vn] [your words]
- […]
- a nan imoren
- 1pers.sing. FUT health+Vn
I shall be cured (get better).
- 1pers.sing. FUT health+Vn
Edit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- a = /a˨/
- ą = /ã˨/
- á = /a˥/
- ą́ = /ã˥/
- aa = /aː˨˨/
- ąą = /ãː˨˨/
- áa = /aː˥˨/
- ą́ą = /ãː˥˨/
- aá = /aː˨˥/
- ąą́ = /ãː˨˥/
- áá = /aː˥˥/
- ą́ą́ = /ãː˥˥/
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) A a (Á á, Ą ą, Ą́ ą́), B b, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dzdz, E e (É é, Ę ę, Ę́ ę́), G g, Gh gh, H h, Hw hw, X x, I i (Í í, Į į, Į́ į́), J j, K k, Kʼ kʼ, Kw kw, ʼ, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n (Ń ń), O o (Ó ó, Ǫ ǫ, Ǫ́ ǫ́), S s, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tł tł, Tłʼ tłʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
NeapolitanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PrepositionEdit
a
Etymology 2Edit
PrepositionEdit
a
- in (locative: staying in a place of relative width)
- to (locative: moving towards a place of relative width)
- to (dative)
NormanEdit
VerbEdit
a
Norwegian BokmålEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Latin a, from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through the Etruscan language, from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ), from Proto-Canaanite , from Proto-Sinaitic , from Egyptian 𓃾 representing the head of an ox.
PronunciationEdit
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɑː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɑː/, /a/
Audio (file) Audio (file) - Hyphenation: a
- Homophones: A, à, A-, a-, ah
LetterEdit
a (lowercase, uppercase A)
- The first letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz, Ææ, Øø, Åå
NounEdit
a m (definite singular a-en, indefinite plural a-er, definite plural a-ene)
- the letter a, the first letter of the Norwegian alphabet
- 1999, Lars Roar Langslet, I kamp for norsk kultur, page 234:
- bruken av a i bestemt form i hunkjønnsord
- the use of a in the definite form of feminine words
- indicates the first or best entry of a list, order or rank
- 1919, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Samlede digter-verker I, page 454:
- [bokstavene begynte] at gaa sammen, to og to: a stod og hvilte under et træ, som hedte b
- [the letters began] to go together, two by two: a stood and rested under a tree called b
- 1920, Jonas Lie, Samlede Digterverker V, page 389:
- begynde paa Ø istedet for A
- start with Ø instead of A
- 1886, Arne Garborg, Mogning og manndom I, page 172:
- jeg traf sammen med et par generalbanditter, gamle gutter, storartede ranglefanter, 1ste klasse 1 A med stjerne, deilige herremænd
- I met a couple of general bandits, old boys, great revelers, 1st class 1 A with a star, lovely gentlemen
- 1939, Knut Hamsun, Artikler, page 99:
- historie er hvad A mener til forskel fra B, og hvad C igen mener til forskel baade fra A og B om den samme sag
- story is what A thinks differently from B and what C again thinks differently from both A and B about the same case
- oppgang A ― apartment entrance A
- blodgruppe A ― blood group A
- førerkort i klasse A ― (motorcycle) driver's license in class A
- øl i klasse A ― beer in class A (with 0,0-0,7 volume percent alcohol)
- A post ― A post / priority mail
- A-aksje ― class A-share
- hepatitt A ― hepatitis A
- Synonyms: A-, a-
- the highest grade in a school or university using the A-F scale
- 2019, Helene Uri, Stillheten etterpå, page 14:
- jeg har gode karakterer. Bare A-er og B-er
- I have good grades. Only A's and B's
- få A til eksamen
- to receive an A on your exam
- (music) designation of the sixth note from C and the corresponding tone
- 1944, Børre Qvamme, Musikk, page 10:
- synge en riktig A uten hjelp av et instrument eller stemmegaffel
- sing a correct A without the aid of an instrument or tuning fork
- 1973, Finn Havrevold, Avreisen, page 127:
- han slår énstrøken a på klaveret
- he strikes one stroke A on the piano
- 1997, Tove Nilsen, G for Georg, page 42:
- så gal at man virkelig tror at svaler er g-nøkler og bass-nøkler og a’er og c’er som svever rundt hverandre og lager konsert i himmelen
- so crazy that you really think swallows are g-keys and bass-keys and a's and c's floating around each other and making a concert in the sky
- (physics) symbol for ampere
- (physics) symbol for nucleon number
- (horology) symbol for avance
- symbol for anno
- short form of atom-
- a-bombe
- atom bomb (a-bomb)
- Synonym: a-
- a-bombe
Etymology 2Edit
Abbreviation of atto-, from Danish atten (“eighteen”), from Old Norse áttján (“eighteen”), from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutehun (“eighteen”).
SymbolEdit
a
- atto-, prefix for 10-18 in the International System of Units.
Etymology 3Edit
Abbreviation of ar, from French are (“are”), from Latin area (“piece of level ground”)
SymbolEdit
a
Etymology 4Edit
From French à (“to, on, in”), from Old French a (“to, towards”), from Latin ad (“to, towards”), from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”).
PrepositionEdit
a
- to, up to
- ett a to år
- one to two years
- ett a to år
- in
- tolv perioder a ca. fire uker
- twelve periods in ca. four weeks
- tolv perioder a ca. fire uker
- (Used in French expressions, before a consonant) up to, in
Alternative formsEdit
Etymology 5Edit
From Latin a (“from, away from, out of”).
PrepositionEdit
a
Alternative formsEdit
Etymology 6Edit
From Italian a (“in, at, to”), from Latin ad, from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”).
PrepositionEdit
a
Etymology 7Edit
From Old Norse hana (“her”), accusative form of hón (“she”).
PronounEdit
a
- (dialectal, used enclitically after a conjunction or subjunction), she
- 1948, Helge Krog, Skuespill I, page 43:
- jagu slår a ja. Og det så det kjens. Forleden dag ga hun meg en knallende ørefik
- she can certainly punch. And so you feel it. The other day she gave me a popping slap to the ear
- 1989, Bergljot Hobæk Haff, Den guddommelige tragedie:
- hu kunne ikke henge på seg så mye som et enrada perlebånd, uten at a måtte skotte opp i skyene for å høre hva den aller høyeste mente
- she could not put on as much as a single string of pearls, without having to shoot up into the clouds to hear what the very highest one meant
- (dialectal, about grammatically feminine animals or objects) it, she
- 1899, Sfinx, Vi og Voreses, page 45:
- hos Hansens laa dem te klokka var ni, og 10 var a mange ganger ogsaa
- at Hansen's they laid until nine o'clock, and 10 she was many times too
- 1954, Agnar Mykle, Lasso rundt fru Luna, page 476:
- hvor ligger a [duskeluen] henne?
- where is the hat?
- hvor er a katta di?
- where is your cat?
- Synonym: hun
- (dialectal, used enclitically) her; object form of hun (=she)
- hva gjorde du med a?
- what did you do to her?
- 1847–1868, Halfdan Kjerulf, Av hans efterladte papirer, page 245:
- jeg [skrev] klaverstykker … en lille scherzo med nordisk motiv … «gjenta» og «Jørgen Matros», som gjør kur til ’a og «Ola Spelman» som hun foretrækker
- I [wrote] piano pieces… a small scherzo with a Nordic motif… «gjenta» and «Jørgen Matros», which makes cure for her and «Ola Spelman» which she prefers
- 1875, Alexander Erbe, Fra skjærgaarden, page 23:
- [klokkeren] skulle da koste paa a amen
- [the clockmaker] would then cost her amen
- 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden I, page 6:
- jeg kan da gjerne skjære litt mat til a
- I could happily cut some food for her
- 1931, Aksel Sandemose, En sjømann går i land, page 19:
- han stakk henne med kniven, riktig kylt’n midt i magan på a
- he stabbed her with the knife, really threw in the middle of her stomach
- 2010, Helene Guåker, Kjør!:
- flere enn deg i hvert fall, di lørje, svarte jeg og så a midt i aua
- more than you at least, you skank, I answered and looked her in the eye
- hva gjorde du med a?
- (dialectal, about grammatically feminine animals or objects) it, her
- hvis katta stikker av, må du fange a!
- if the cat runs away, you need to catch her!
- 1895, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Over Ævne II, page 136:
- naar kjærka ikke kan holde arbejderne i ave [age], aa faen skal vi saa me’a
- when the church can not keep the workers in duty, what the hell do we do with her then
- Synonym: henne
- hvis katta stikker av, må du fange a!
- (dialectal, used proclitically with a woman's name or female relation) she, her
- 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden V, page 96:
- ta a Guldborg
- consider Guldborg
- 1921, Sigrid Undset, Samlede romaner og fortællinger fra nutiden V, page 64:
- har du glemt a mamma
- did you forget about mom
- 2015, Rudolf Nilsen, Samlede dikt, page 88:
- a Paula kom plystrende hjem
- Paula came home whistling
- 2015 March 12, Oppland Arbeiderblad[oa.no]:
- a tante Karen, mor hennes Reidun, hadde ordne med sengeplasser i stua, Booken på en divan og a Rita på flatseng på golvet
- aunt Karen, her mother Reidun, had arranged beds in the living room, Booken on a daybed and Rita on a flat bed on the floor
Etymology 8Edit
From Danish ah (“oh”), likely from German ach (“oh”). Also see ah and akk.
InterjectionEdit
a
- Expression of surprise or horror
- 1888, Herman Colditz, Kjærka, et Atélierinteriør:
- a, det er bare noe drit til han terracottaen
- oh, that is just some crap for that terracotta guy
- a, for noe tøv!
- oh, such nonsense!
- Expression of admiration or happiness
- 1897, Fridtjof Nansen, Fram over Polhavet I, page 345:
- a, kunde vi bare gi «Fram» slige vinger
- oh, if only we could give "Fram" wings like that
- a, det gjorde godt!
- oh, that felt good!
- Used with the words yes and no to give a sense of impatience or rejection
- 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Fru Inger til Østråt, page 99:
- a nej, det kan være det samme
- oh no, it does not matter
- 1874-1878, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Brytnings-år I, page 25:
- a ja, lad Schirmer tegne staburet
- oh yes, let Schirmer draw the storehouse
- 1988, Arild Nyquist, Giacomettis forunderlige reise:
- verden er vakker, bestemor. Selv når det regner og blåser. A ja da.
- the world is beautiful, grandma. Even when it's raining and windy. Oh yes.
- a jo, men hold nå fred!
- oh yes, but keep quiet now
Etymology 9Edit
Mostly likely from Norwegian ad (“against, on”), from Danish ad, from Old Danish at, from Old Norse at, from Proto-Germanic *at.
InterjectionEdit
a
- Expression of anger or sorrow, especially with a personal pronoun
- uff a meg!
- oh, my!
- huff a meg!
- oh, no!
- uff a meg!
Alternative formsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “a” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “a” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
- “a” in Store norske leksikon
Norwegian NynorskEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
a (lowercase, uppercase A)
- The first letter of the Norwegian Nynorsk alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script letters) Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz, Ææ, Øø, Åå
NounEdit
a m (definite singular a-en, indefinite plural a-ar, definite plural a-ane)
- the letter a
InterjectionEdit
a
ReferencesEdit
- “a” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
NovialEdit
PrepositionEdit
a
Usage notesEdit
When followed by the definite article li, a may optionally be combined with the article to give al.
OccitanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PrepositionEdit
a
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
a f (plural as)
- a (the letter a)
Etymology 3Edit
VerbEdit
a
Old DanishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- aa (Jutlandic)
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō.
NounEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Danish: å
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Norse á, from Proto-Germanic *ana.
PrepositionEdit
ā
DescendantsEdit
- Danish: på
Etymology 3Edit
VerbEdit
ā
Old DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *ahwō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂.
NounEdit
ā f
InflectionEdit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative formsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ā, ē”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“eternity, age”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyu- (“vitality”). Cognate with Old Saxon eo, Old High German io, eo (German je), Old Norse ei, ey (English aye), Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐍅 (aiw).
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ā
DescendantsEdit
Old FrenchEdit
Etymology 1Edit
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Old French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Etymology 2Edit
Alternative formsEdit
- ad
- à (not in manuscripts; occasionally used by scholars to differentiate between the preposition and the verb form)
PrepositionEdit
a
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
a
Old IrishEdit
Due to Lua limitations, this entry may not be visible. See a/Old Irish for a readable version.
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Celtic *sindom (“this”).
Alternative formsEdit
- (relative pronoun): an
ArticleEdit
a
- nominative/accusative singular neuter of in
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15b28
- A mbás tiagme-ni do·áirci bethid dúib-si.
- The death to which we go causes life unto you.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15b28
PronounEdit
a (triggers eclipsis, takes a leniting relative clause)
- that which, what
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112b13
- Is demniu liunn a n-ad·chiam hua sulib ol·daas an ro·chluinemmar hua chluasaib.
- What we see with the eyes is more certain for us than what we hear with the ears.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112b13
DescendantsEdit
- Irish: a
Etymology 2Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
ConjunctionEdit
a (triggers eclipsis, takes a nasalizing relative clause)
- when
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55d11
- Ícaid-som didiu anisin, a n-as·mbeir “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”.
- He solves that then, when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112b17
- a nonda imbide
- and when you sg are hedged in
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55d11
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Celtic *esyo (m and n), *esyās (f), and *esōm (pl), from Proto-Indo-European *ésyo, genitive singular of *ís and *íd; compare Welsh ei (“his, her, its”), eu (“their”); Old High German iro (“their”); and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”), अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”), and एषाम् (eṣā́m, “their”).
Alternative formsEdit
DeterminerEdit
a (predicative aí or áe) (triggers lenition in the masculine and neuter singular, an unwritten prothetic /h/ before a vowel in the feminine singular, and eclipsis in the plural)
- his, its
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5a23
- Cossóit a thuaithe fri Dia inso.
- This is a slandering of his folk before God.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5d10
- Bad hi forcitul .i. a chomalnad condib desimrecht do chách.
- Let it be in teaching, that is, to fulfill it [lit. "its fulfillment"] so that he may be an example to everyone.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5a23
- her, its
- c. 845, St. Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 32b6
- A mmuntar-sidi ad·rothreb-si lee, it he con·rótgatar in cathraig.
- Her folk whom she had with her, it is they who built the city.
- c. 845, St. Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 32b6
- their
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 24a38
- Ní epur a n-anman sund.
- I do not say their names here.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 24a38
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 4Edit
From Proto-Celtic *ō (compare Welsh a, from Proto-Indo-European *ō (compare Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), Latin ō).
Alternative formsEdit
ParticleEdit
a (triggers lenition)
- O (vocative particle)
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 134d3
- Ar·troídfe-siu inna drochdaíni, a Dǽ, dia n-anduch, air is fechtnach a n-andach mani erthroítar húa Día.
- Thou wilt restrain the evil men, O God, from their iniquity, for their iniquity is prosperous if it be not restrained by God.
- Ar·troídfe-siu inna drochdaíni, a Dǽ, dia n-anduch, air is fechtnach a n-andach mani erthroítar húa Día.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 134d3
DescendantsEdit
- Irish: a
Etymology 5Edit
ParticleEdit
a (triggers an unwritten prothetic /h/ before a vowel)
- introduces a numeral
- a deich ― ten
DescendantsEdit
- Irish: a
Etymology 6Edit
From Proto-Celtic *exs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.
PrepositionEdit
a (combined with plural article asnaib, combined with 1st singular possessive determiner asmo, combined with 3rd person possessive determiner assa)
- out of
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 127d6
- in tan ro·mmemaid re n-Abrachan forsna coíc riga bertar Loth a Sodaim
- when the five kings who carried Lot out of Sodom had been routed by Abraham
- in tan ro·mmemaid re n-Abrachan forsna coíc riga bertar Loth a Sodaim
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 127d6
InflectionEdit
Person | Normal | Emphatic |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | asum | |
2d person sing. | essiut | |
3d sing. masc./neut., dative | as(s), es | |
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | ||
3d sing. fem., dative | e(i)ssi, esse | essisi |
3d sing. fem., accusative | ||
1st person pl. | ||
2d person pl. | ||
3d person pl., dative | es(s)ib, eissib | |
3d person pl., accusative |
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 a (vocative particle)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “2 a (‘his, her, their’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “3 a (particle used before numerals)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “4 a (‘that which’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “7 a (‘out of’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 in (definite article)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old PortugueseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Latin ad (“to”), from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near; at”).
PrepositionEdit
a
- to; towards
- 13th century C.E., Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , E codex, cantiga 14 (facsimile):
- fugiu con el a Egipto. terra de Reẏ Faraon.
- ran away with him to Egypt, land of the Pharaoh king.
- fugiu con el a Egipto. terra de Reẏ Faraon.
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
ArticleEdit
a
- Alternative spelling of á
PalauanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a.
ArticleEdit
a
Etymology 2Edit
From Pre-Palauan *a, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *a, from Proto-Austronesian *a.
ConjunctionEdit
a
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Probably from Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ōd (presumed to be the ablative of *éy, h₁e). Cognate with Lithuanian õ (“and, but”), Russian а (a, “and, but”).
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
a
- and; but
- A ty? ― And you?
- Wolisz tabletki, a ja wolę zastrzyki. ― You prefer pills and I prefer injections.
- and
- walka między dobrem a złem ― battle between good and evil
Further readingEdit
PortugueseEdit
PronunciationEdit
- letter
- article, pronoun
Etymology 1Edit
From Latin a, form of A, from Etruscan 𐌀 (a), from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from Egyptian 𓃾.
LetterEdit
a (lower case, upper case A)
- The first letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
NounEdit
a m (plural as)
- Alternative spelling of á
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:a.
Related termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Portuguese a, from Latin illa (with the disappearance of an initial l; compare Spanish la).
ArticleEdit
a
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see [[Citations:o#Lua error: not enough memory|Citations:o]].
See alsoEdit
Portuguese articles (edit) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
Definite articles (the) |
Lua error: not enough memory | Lua error: not enough memory | Lua error: not enough memory | Lua error: not enough memory |
Indefinite articles (a, an; some) |
Lua error: not enough memory | Lua error: not enough memory | Lua error: not enough memory | Lua error: not enough memory |
PronounEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Her, it (as a direct object; as an indirect object, see lhe; after prepositions, see ela).
- Lua error: not enough memory
Usage notesEdit
- Becomes Lua error: not enough memory after verb forms ending in -r, -s, or -z, the pronouns Lua error: not enough memory and Lua error: not enough memory, and the adverb Lua error: not enough memory; the final letter causing the change disappears.
- After Lua error: not enough memory: Posso vê-la? — “May I see her/it?”|inline=1}}
- After Lua error: not enough memory: Ele pô-la ali. — “He put her/it there.”
- After Lua error: not enough memory: Fi-la ficar contente. — “I made her/it become happy.”
- After Lua error: not enough memory: Ela deu-no-la relutantemente. — “She gave her/it to us reluctantly.”
- After Lua error: not enough memory: Ei-la! — “Behold her/it!”
- Becomes Lua error: not enough memory after a nasal vowel or diphthong: -ão, -am [ɐ̃w̃], -õe [õj̃], -em, -êm [ẽj̃].
- Detêm-na como prisioneira. — “They detain her/it as a prisoner.”
- In informal Brazilian Portuguese, the nominative form Lua error: not enough memory is more commonly used.
- Eu a vi. → Eu vi ela.: “I saw her/it.”
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see [[Citations:a#Lua error: not enough memory|Citations:a]].
See alsoEdit
See Template:Portuguese personal pronouns for more.
Etymology 3Edit
From Lua error: not enough memory, from Lua error: not enough memory and Lua error: not enough memory.
PrepositionEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory to Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory to; towards Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory away Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory with; by means of Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory with; on Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory by Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory by Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory; a la
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory at Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory at; in Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory to Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
Usage notesEdit
When followed by a definite article, a is combined with the article to give the following combined forms:
- a + Lua error: not enough memory → Lua error: not enough memory
- a + Lua error: not enough memory → Lua error: not enough memory
- a + Lua error: not enough memory → Lua error: not enough memory
- a + Lua error: not enough memory → Lua error: not enough memory
In the sense of to (introducing the indirect object) usage with a personal pronoun can be replaced with an indirect pronoun (Lua error: not enough memory, Lua error: not enough memory, Lua error: not enough memory, Lua error: not enough memory, Lua error: not enough memory, Lua error: not enough memory):
- Deram um livro a ele. → Deram-lhe um livro.
In the sense of at (during the specified period) it can be used with:
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- specific hours
Lua error: not enough memory, Lua error: not enough memory, Lua error: not enough memory use Lua error: not enough memory instead, which can optionally be used for tarde, noitinha and noite as well. Names of months, days of the month and of the week use Lua error: not enough memory.
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see [[Citations:a#Lua error: not enough memory|Citations:a]].
DescendantsEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory
See alsoEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
Etymology 4Edit
InterjectionEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory oh Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see [[Citations:a#Lua error: not enough memory|Citations:a]].
Etymology 5Edit
From homophone Lua error: not enough memory
VerbEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see [[Citations:a#Lua error: not enough memory|Citations:a]].
Etymology 6Edit
From homophone Lua error: not enough memory
ContractionEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see [[Citations:a#Lua error: not enough memory|Citations:a]].
Rapa NuiEdit
ParticleEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory; of
Usage notesEdit
Inserted before the relevant pronoun. Only for possessions like houses or beliefs that have the ability to no longer be yours; otherwise, use ,.
RomaniEdit
InterjectionEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
ReferencesEdit
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) , Lua error: not enough memory”, in Lua error: not enough memory [Lua error: not enough memory] (in Lua error: not enough memory), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBNLua error: not enough memory, page 134
RomanianEdit
PronunciationEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory
LetterEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- The Lua error: not enough memory letter of the Lua error: not enough memory alphabet, called [[a#Lua error: not enough memory|a]] and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory
Etymology 1Edit
ArticleEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- of
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
Etymology 2Edit
From Lua error: not enough memory, from Lua error: not enough memory.
PrepositionEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory to
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory at (now almost completely replaced by Lua error: not enough memory)
- Lua error: not enough memory like
Etymology 3Edit
From proto-Romanian, from a late Lua error: not enough memory, from Lua error: not enough memory[1].
VerbEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- (he/she) has...
- Lua error: not enough memory
- (he/she) has...
Usage notesEdit
Lua error: not enough memory is used instead of Lua error: not enough memory to form the third-person singular perfect compus.
Related termsEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
ReferencesEdit
SatawaleseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
PronounEdit
Lua error: not enough memory (third-person singular)
ReferencesEdit
Kevin M. Roddy (2007), "A Sketch Grammar Of Satawalese, The Language Of Satawal Island, Yap State, Micronesia"
ScotsEdit
Etymology 1Edit
LetterEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- The Lua error: not enough memory letter of the Lua error: not enough memory alphabet, called [[aw#Lua error: not enough memory|aw]] and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L, l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, Ȝ ȝ
Etymology 2Edit
From Lua error: not enough memory, from Lua error: not enough memory.
PronunciationEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory
ArticleEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
Usage notesEdit
- Unlike English, this form can be used before both consonant and vowel sounds. However, this is not often the case in written Scots, probably due to the influence of English. [1]
SynonymsEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory Lua error: not enough memory
Etymology 3Edit
DeterminerEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
AdverbEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
NounEdit
Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory