adjunct

English

Etymology

From Latin adiunctus, perfect passive participle of adiungō (“join to”), from ad + iungō (“join”). Doublet of adjoint.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈæd͡ʒ.ʌŋkt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ædʒʌŋkt
• Hyphenation: ad‧junct

Noun

Examples (grammar)
I typed for a while. chicken soup

adjunct (plural adjuncts)

1. An appendage; something attached to something else in a subordinate capacity.

   Synonyms: addition, supplement; see also Thesaurus:adjunct

   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

     Lie here ye weedes that I diſdaine to weare,
     This compleat armor, and this curtle-axe
     Are adiuncts more beſeeming Tamburlaine.

   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 135:

     Learning is but an adiunct to our ſelfe,
     And where we are, our Learning likewiſe is.

2. A person associated with another, usually in a subordinate position; a colleague.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:associate, Thesaurus:attendant

   • 1641, Henry Wotton, A Parallel between Robert late Earl of Essex and George late Duke of Buckingham:

     Lord Cottington (as an adjunct of singular experience and trust)

3. (brewing) An unmalted grain or grain product that supplements the main mash ingredient.
4. (dated, metaphysics) A quality or property of the body or mind, whether natural or acquired, such as colour in the body or judgement in the mind.
5. (music) A key or scale closely related to another as principal; a relative or attendant key.
6. (grammar) A dispensable phrase in a clause or sentence that modifies its meaning.

   noun adjunct

   Coordinate terms: attribute, predicate

7. (syntax, X-bar theory) A constituent which is both the daughter and the sister of an X-bar.
   • 1988, Andrew Radford, Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 177:

     We can see from (34) that Determiners are sisters of N-bar and daughters of N-double-bar; Adjuncts are both sisters and daughters of N-bar; and Complements are sisters of N and daughters of N-bar. This means that Adjuncts resemble Complements in that both are daughters of N-bar; but they differ from Complements in that Adjuncts are sisters of N-bar, whereas Complements are sisters of N. Likewise, it means that Adjuncts resemble Determiners in that both are sisters of N-bar, but they differ from Determiners in that Adjuncts are daughters of N-bar, whereas Determiners are daughters of N-double-bar.

8. (rhetoric) Symploce.
9. (category theory) One of a pair of morphisms which relate to each other through a pair of adjoint functors.

Derived terms

• adjuncthood
• adjunction
• adjunctive
• adjunct professor
• adjunct treatment
• noun adjunct
• numerary adjunct

 

Translations

appendage

• Bulgarian: притурка (bg) (priturka), приложение (bg) (priloženie)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 从属 (zh) (cóngshǔ)

• Dutch: bepaling (nl) f
• Finnish: adjunkti (fi)
• French: complément (fr) m, attribut (fr) m
• German: Hilfs-, Zusatz-
• Korean: 부가물 (bugamul), 부속물 (busongmul)
• Portuguese: adjunto (pt) m
• Spanish: adjunto (es) m
• Turkish: ek (tr), ilave (tr)
• Welsh: ychwanegiad (cy) m

grammar: dispensable phrase

• Arabic: فَضْلَة‎ f (faḍla)
• Georgian: გარემოება (garemoeba)
• German: Adjunkt (de) n, Angabe (de) f
• Hungarian: szabad bővítmény
• Indonesian: keterangan (id)

Adjective

adjunct (comparative more adjunct, superlative most adjunct)

1. Connected in a subordinate function.
   • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], page 11:

     Though that my death were adiunct to my Act,
     By heauen I would doe it.

2. Added to a faculty or staff in a secondary position.

Translations

Connected in a subordinate function

• Russian: дополнительный (ru) m (dopolnitelʹnyj)

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch adjoinct, from Latin adiunctus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑˈdjʏŋkt/, /ɑtˈjʏŋkt/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ad‧junct
• Rhymes: -ʏŋkt

Noun

adjunct m (plural adjuncten)

1. An adjunct, a subordinate person, esp. an attendant of a government official.

Related terms

• adjunct-directeur

Descendants

• → Indonesian: ajun

Romanian

Etymology

From German Adjunkt or Latin adjunctus.

Adjective

adjunct m or n (feminine singular adjunctă, masculine plural adjuncți, feminine and neuter plural adjuncte)

1. deputy

Declension

Declension of adjunct

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	adjunct		adjunctă	adjuncți	adjuncte
	definite	adjunctul		adjuncta	adjuncții	adjunctele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	adjunct		adjuncte	adjuncți	adjuncte
	definite	adjunctului		adjunctei	adjuncților	adjunctelor