ek

See also: ek-, -ek, ék, -ék, Ek, EK, ÉK, เอก, and ᛖᚲ

AfrikaansEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • ik (Cape Afrikaans or archaic)

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch ik, from Middle Dutch ic, from Old Dutch ik, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂om (“I”).

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ek (object my, possessive my)

  1. I (subject)
    • 1976, in Tydskrif vir Letterkunde, page 19.
      Hy het na my geskop, maar ek het dit verwag en het vinnig my been gelig en dwars gedraai.
      He kicked towards me, but I expected this and quickly lifted my leg and turned it sidewards.
    • 1994, in Annemarié Van Niekerk, Vrouevertellers. 1843-1993, Tafelberg-Uitgewers (publ.), page 308.
      " […] Ek is jou vader. Ek sal jou doodslaan as jy nie luister nie!"
      " […] I am your father. I shall beat you to death if you do not listen!"
    • 2011, Kashiefa, Sedick, Zakeer & Sedeeqa Jacobs, "Die pad is toe", in No Land! No House! No Vote! Voices from Symphony Way, Pambazuka Press (publ.), page 132.
      Ek het nog nooit 'n huis gehad nie, my ouers het ook nog nooit een besit nie
      I have never owned a house, my parents also have never possessed one either.

See alsoEdit

Afrikaans personal pronouns
subjective objective possessive determiner possessive pronoun
singular 1st ek my myne
2nd jy jou joune
2nd, formal u u s’n
3rd, masc hy hom sy syne
3rd, fem sy haar hare
3rd, neut dit sy syne
plural 1st ons ons s’n
2nd julle / jul1 julle s’n
3rd hulle / hul1 hulle s’n
1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence.

AinuEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ek (Kana spelling エㇰ, plural ariki)

  1. (intransitive) to come

EsperantoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From ek-.

PronunciationEdit

  • Audio
    		(file)

InterjectionEdit

ek

  1. let's go

Fiji HindiEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Hindi एक (ek).

NumeralEdit

ek

  1. one

ReferencesEdit

IcelandicEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse ek, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚲ (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Alternative formsEdit

  • ég (modern)
  • eg (archaic, poetic)

PronounEdit

ek

  1. (archaic) I
    Ek spurða þá, hvar ek skyldi sitja.
    I asked then, where I should sit.
DeclensionEdit
  Icelandic personal pronouns
Icelandic personal pronouns
singular first person second person third person masculine third person feminine third person neuter
nominative ég, eg†, ek† þú hann hún, hon†, hón† það, þat†
accusative mig, mik† þig, þik† hann hana það, þat†
dative mér þér honum, hánum† henni því
genitive mín þín hans hennar þess
plural first person second person third person masculine third person feminine third person neuter
nominative við þið, þit† þeir þær þau
accusative okkur ykkur þá þær þau
dative okkur ykkur þeim þeim þeim
genitive okkar ykkar þeirra þeirra þeirra

Etymology 2Edit

Inflected form of aka (“to drive”).

VerbEdit

ek

  1. first-person singular active present indicative of aka

IdoEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐκ (ek). Also seen as a borrowing from Latin ex, with the x changed to just k so not to interfere with ex-, which shares the same origin.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

ek

  1. (general sense) out
  2. (indicating motion) out, out of, out from, from
    Adportez stulo ek ta chambro ― Bring a chair out of that room.
    Lu prenis ca folio ek la tir-kesto ― He took this leaf from the drawer.
  3. (of materials) of, made from, made of
    Ek quon esas ta tasi? ― What are the cups made of?
    Li esas ek porcelano. ― They are made of china.
  4. (mathematics) (indication fractional parts) out of
    Nonadek ek cent. ― Ninety out of a hundred (90%).
    En ca armeo, 5 ek 100 esas ocidita, 10 ek 100 vundita.
    In this army, five out of (every) 100 were killed, and ten per cent were wounded.

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

KalashaEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Sanskrit एक (eka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas. Compare Hindi, Konkani, Nepali and Marathi एक (ek).

NumeralEdit

ek

  1. one; 1

LadinoEdit

EtymologyEdit

Ultimately from Latin ecce. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Old Spanish or Italian?”)

InterjectionEdit

ek (Latin spelling)

  1. lo!, behold!, see!, look!

MarshalleseEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ek

  1. fish

ReferencesEdit

Mauritian CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French avec.

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

ConjunctionEdit

ek

  1. and

PrepositionEdit

ek

  1. with

Middle EnglishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old English ēac, from Proto-Germanic *auk.

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

ek

  1. also, in addition, besides

Related termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Scots: eik, ek
  • English: eke
  • ⇒ Middle English: ekename

Middle Low GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ek

  1. Alternative form of ik.

Min NanEdit

Etymology 1Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 億 (“hundred million; hundred thousand; etc.”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 億.)

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 厄 (“harrowing; miserable; disaster; calamity; catastrophe; etc.”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 厄.)

Etymology 3Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 啞 (“laughter; sound of laughing”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 啞.)

Etymology 4Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 憶 (“to remember; to reminisce; to reflect upon; memory”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 憶.)

Etymology 5Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 扼 (“to grasp; to clutch; to guard; to control; etc.”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 扼.)

Etymology 6Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 抑 (“to press down; to keep down; to repress; to suppress; to restrain; to restrict; etc.”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 抑.)

Etymology 7Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 溢 (“to overflow; to brim over; to flood; etc.”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 溢.)

Etymology 8Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 益 (“to overflow; to increase; to add; to cause gain; etc.”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 益.)

Etymology 9Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of ek – see 臆 (“chest; breast; bosom; thought; etc.”).
(This character, ek, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 臆.)

North FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse ekki. Cognate with Danish ikke, Faroese ikki, Norwegian Nynorsk ikkje.

AdverbEdit

ek

  1. (Sylt) not
    "Di rocht Saaken ken di Oogen ek se", sair di Litji Prins, fuar höm dit tö morki.
    "The important things can't be seen with the eyes," said the Little Prince, so he would remember this.

Old FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *aik

NounEdit

ēk f

  1. oak

ReferencesEdit

  1. Köbler, Gerhard, Altfriesisches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014

Old NorseEdit

 
The inscription on the shaft of the Kragehul I spear.

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Norse ᛖᚲ (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

PronounEdit

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ek

  1. I (first-person singular pronoun)
    • c. 1000, Vǫluspá, verse 1, line 1:
      Hliods bið ec allar... (Codex Regius, circa 1270)
      Hlioðs bið ek allar... (Hauksbók, circa 1306)
      Hljóðs bið ek allar... (normalised orthography)
      For silence I ask all...
    • 1220-1240, Egils saga, chapter 3, line 16:
      "Þótt þetta vandræði hafi nú borit oss at hendi, þá mun eigi langt til, at sama vandræði mun til yðvar koma, því at Haraldr, ætla ek, at skjótt mun hér koma, þá er hann hefir alla menn þrælkat ok áþját, sem hann vill, á Norðmæri ok í Raumsdal." (Norse)
      translation by William Charles Green:
      Though this danger now touches us, before long the same will come to you; for Harold, as I ween, will hasten hither when he has enthralled and oppressed after his will all in North Mæra and Raumsdale.
      translation by Hallvard Lie:
      Though this trouble have now lighted on our hand, 'twill not be long ere the same trouble shall come upon you; for Harald, I ween, will shortly hither come, soon as he hath all men thralled and enslaved, according to this will, in Northmere and Raumsdale.

DeclensionEdit

Old Norse personal pronouns
number first person second person reflexive third person
case singular singular masculine singular feminine singular neuter
nominative ek þú hann hon, hón þat
accusative mik þik sik hann hana, hána þat
dative mér þér sér hánum, honum, hónum henni því
genitive mínn, minn þínn, þinn sínn, sinn hans hennar þess
case dual
nominative vit it, þit
accusative okr, okkr ykr, ykkr sik
dative okr, okkr ykr, ykkr sér
genitive okkar ykkar sínn, sinn
case plural plural masculine plural feminine plural neuter
nominative vér ér, þér þeir þær þau
accusative oss yðr sik þá þær þau
dative oss yðr sér þeim þeim þeim
genitive várr yðarr, yðvarr sínn, sinn þeirra þeirra þeirra


 
The Lindholm amulet, a 2nd to 4th century piece of bone with a Proto-Norse inscription containing two instances of the pronoun.

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • ek in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old SaxonEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *aik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ēk f

  1. oak

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ēk (feminine i-stem)
singular plural
nominative ēk ēki
accusative ēk ēki
genitive ēki ēkiō
dative ēki ēkium
instrumental — —


DescendantsEdit

RohingyaEdit

Rohingya cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : ek

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Sanskrit एक (eka, “one”).

NumeralEdit

ek (Hanifi spelling 𐴀𐴠𐴑)

  1. one

SwedishEdit

 
Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse eik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ek c

  1. oak

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ek 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ek eken ekar ekarna
Genitive eks ekens ekars ekarnas

Tocharian BEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Tocharian *ëk, from Late Proto-Indo-European *okʷs, from *h₃okʷ-, *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). Compare Tocharian A ak.

NounEdit

ek ?

  1. eye
    eśane klausane ṣeycer-me kartstse yolo lkātsi klyaussisa
    "you had eyes and ears to see and hear good and evil"

TurkishEdit

NounEdit

ek (definite accusative eki, plural ekler)

  1. annex

DeclensionEdit

Inflection
Nominative ek
Definite accusative eki
Singular Plural
Nominative ek ekler
Definite accusative eki ekleri
Dative eke eklere
Locative ekte eklerde
Ablative ekten eklerden
Genitive ekin eklerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular ekim eklerim
2nd singular ekin eklerin
3rd singular eki ekleri
1st plural ekimiz eklerimiz
2nd plural ekiniz ekleriniz
3rd plural ekleri ekleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular ekimi eklerimi
2nd singular ekini eklerini
3rd singular ekini eklerini
1st plural ekimizi eklerimizi
2nd plural ekinizi eklerinizi
3rd plural eklerini eklerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular ekime eklerime
2nd singular ekine eklerine
3rd singular ekine eklerine
1st plural ekimize eklerimize
2nd plural ekinize eklerinize
3rd plural eklerine eklerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular ekimde eklerimde
2nd singular ekinde eklerinde
3rd singular ekinde eklerinde
1st plural ekimizde eklerimizde
2nd plural ekinizde eklerinizde
3rd plural eklerinde eklerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular ekimden eklerimden
2nd singular ekinden eklerinden
3rd singular ekinden eklerinden
1st plural ekimizden eklerimizden
2nd plural ekinizden eklerinizden
3rd plural eklerinden eklerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular ekimin eklerimin
2nd singular ekinin eklerinin
3rd singular ekinin eklerinin
1st plural ekimizin eklerimizin
2nd plural ekinizin eklerinizin
3rd plural eklerinin eklerinin
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular ekim eklerim
2nd singular eksin eklersin
3rd singular ek
ektir 		ekler
eklerdir
1st plural ekiz ekleriz
2nd plural eksiniz eklersiniz
3rd plural ekler eklerdir

HyponymsEdit

VerbEdit

ek

  1. second-person singular imperative of ekmek

VolapükEdit

PronounEdit

ek

  1. someone; anyone

DeclensionEdit

    declension of ek
singular plural
nominative ek eks
genitive eka ekas
dative eke ekes
accusative eki ekis

West FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Frisian āk, from Proto-Germanic *auk.

AdverbEdit

ek

  1. also, too

Further readingEdit

  • “ek”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

ZhuangEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Tai *ʔeːkᴰ (“yoke”), from Middle Chinese 軛 (MC ʔˠɛk̚, “yoke”). Cognate with Thai แอก (ɛ̀ɛk), Lao ແອກ (ʼǣk), Tai Dam ꪵꪮꪀ, Shan ဢႅၵ်ႇ (ʼàek), Ahom 𑜒𑜢𑜀𑜫 (ʼik).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ek (Sawndip forms 兀 or 𰠪 or 枙 or 𣐎, old orthography ek)

  1. yoke
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