arx
Azerbaijani
editEtymology
editFrom Common Turkic *ārïk (“aryk, ditch; river, creek, brook”), from Proto-Turkic *ār-~*ar-~*ïr- (“to flow”), whence also Azerbaijani irmaq (“river”).[1]
Cognates
Noun
editarx (definite accusative arxı, plural arxlar)
- irrigation ditch
- gutter
- Synonym: qanov
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | arx |
arxlar |
definite accusative | arxı |
arxları |
dative | arxa |
arxlara |
locative | arxda |
arxlarda |
ablative | arxdan |
arxlardan |
definite genitive | arxın |
arxların |
Descendants
edit- → Armenian: արխ (arx)
References
edit- ^ Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, pages 187-189
Further reading
edit- “arx” in Obastan.com.
Latin
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to protect, guard, hold, lock”). Cognates include Latin arca (“chest, box”), arceō (“I defend”), arcānus (“hidden, secret”), arcera (“covered carriage for sick people”), Old Armenian արգել (argel, “obstacle”) and Ancient Greek ἀρκέω (arkéō), Persian ارگ (arg, “citadel”)
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /arks/, [ärks̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /arks/, [ärks]
Noun
editarx f (genitive arcis); third declension
- stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, acropolis
- Vergil, Aeneid, 2.56:
- ... Trōiaque, nunc stārēs, Priamīque arx alta, manērēs.
- ... and Troy, you would now be standing, and Priam's mighty citadel still endure.
- ... Trōiaque, nunc stārēs, Priamīque arx alta, manērēs.
- (figuratively) defence, protection, refuge, bulwark
- tyranny (with arx as the abode of tyrants)
- Vergil, Aeneid, 2.56:
- (metonymically) height, summit, pinnacle, top, peak (since castles were often built on heights)
- 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 1.72:
- venit in hōc illa fulmen ab arce caput.
- It fell on this head [of mine], a thunderbolt from that height.
(Jupiter (mythology) hurled thunderbolts from heaven, whereas the Emperor Augustus, living atop the Palatine Hill, had sentenced Ovid to exile.)
- It fell on this head [of mine], a thunderbolt from that height.
- venit in hōc illa fulmen ab arce caput.
Declension
editThird-declension noun (i-stem).
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | arx | arcēs |
genitive | arcis | arcium |
dative | arcī | arcibus |
accusative | arcem | arcēs arcīs |
ablative | arce | arcibus |
vocative | arx | arcēs |
References
edit- “arx”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “arx”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- arx in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- arx in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “arx”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “arx”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929) Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
- “arx”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Categories:
- Azerbaijani terms inherited from Common Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Common Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani nouns
- az:Water
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂erk-
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin metonyms
- Latin terms with quotations
- la:Buildings and structures