croch

Contents

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /kɾˠɔx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /kɾˠʌx/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish croch, from Latin crūx (“cross”).

Noun

croch f (genitive singular croiche, nominative plural crocha)

1. cross, gallows
2. hook, hanger
3. crane
4. (figuratively) tall, stooped figure

Declension

Declension of croch

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative croch crocha Vocative a chroch a chrocha Genitive croiche croch Dative croch croich (archaic, dialectal) crocha

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an chroch na crocha Genitive na croiche na gcroch Dative leis an gcroch leis an gcroich (archaic, dialectal) don chroch don chroich (archaic, dialectal) leis na crocha

Etymology 2

From Old Irish crochaid, from the noun croch (“cross”).

Verb

croch (present analytic crochann, future analytic crochfaidh, verbal noun crochadh, past participle crochta)

1. hang
2. raise up
3. lift, carry
4. (card games) throw down (one's hand)
5. clear up, clear off

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	crochaim	crochann tú; crochair†	crochann sé, sí	crochaimid	crochann sibh	crochann siad; crochaid†	a chrochann; a chrochas / a gcrochann*; a gcrochas*	crochtar
	past	chroch mé; chrochas	chroch tú; chrochais	chroch sé, sí	chrochamar; chroch muid	chroch sibh; chrochabhair	chroch siad; chrochadar	a chroch / ar chroch*	crochadh
	past habitual	chrochainn / gcrochainn‡‡	chrochtá / gcrochtᇇ	chrochadh sé, sí / gcrochadh sé, s퇇	chrochaimis; chrochadh muid / gcrochaimis‡‡; gcrochadh muid‡‡	chrochadh sibh / gcrochadh sibh‡‡	chrochaidís; chrochadh siad / gcrochaidís‡‡; gcrochadh siad‡‡	a chrochadh / a gcrochadh*	chrochtaí / gcrochta퇇
	future	crochfaidh mé; crochfad	crochfaidh tú; crochfair†	crochfaidh sé, sí	crochfaimid; crochfaidh muid	crochfaidh sibh	crochfaidh siad; crochfaid†	a chrochfaidh; a chrochfas / a gcrochfaidh*; a gcrochfas*	crochfar
conditional		chrochfainn / gcrochfainn‡‡	chrochfá / gcrochfᇇ	chrochfadh sé, sí / gcrochfadh sé, s퇇	chrochfaimis; chrochfadh muid / gcrochfaimis‡‡; gcrochfadh muid‡‡	chrochfadh sibh / gcrochfadh sibh‡‡	chrochfaidís; chrochfadh siad / gcrochfaidís‡‡; gcrochfadh siad‡‡	a chrochfadh / a gcrochfadh*	chrochfaí / gcrochfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go gcrocha mé; go gcrochad†	go gcrocha tú; go gcrochair†	go gcrocha sé, sí	go gcrochaimid; go gcrocha muid	go gcrocha sibh	go gcrocha siad; go gcrochaid†	—	go gcrochtar
	past	dá gcrochainn	dá gcrochtá	dá gcrochadh sé, sí	dá gcrochaimis; dá gcrochadh muid	dá gcrochadh sibh	dá gcrochaidís; dá gcrochadh siad	—	dá gcrochtaí
imperative		crochaim	croch	crochadh sé, sí	crochaimis	crochaigí; crochaidh†	crochaidís	—	crochtar
verbal noun		crochadh
past participle		crochta

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
croch	chroch	gcroch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

---

Old Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin crūx.

Noun

croch f

1. cross
2. gallows

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative
Vocative
Accusative
Genitive
Dative
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• crochaid

Descendants

• Irish: croch
• Scottish Gaelic: croch

References

• C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “croch”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN

---

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish crochaid, from the noun croch (“cross”).

Verb

croch (past chroch, future crochaidh, verbal noun crochadh, past participle crochte)

1. hang, suspend
2. depend

Usage notes

• It is more usual to use bi an crochadh for depend.