lift
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz). Cognate with Danish and Norwegian Bokmål løfte (“to lift”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish lyfta (“to lift”), German lüften (“to air, lift”), Old English lyft (“air”). See above. 1851 for the noun sense "a mechanical device for vertical transport".
(To steal): For this sense Cleasby suggests perhaps a relation to the root of Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐍆𐍄𐌿𐍃 (hliftus) "thief", cognate with Latin cleptus and Greek κλέπτω (kléptō)).[1]
VerbEdit
lift (third-person singular simple present lifts, present participle lifting, simple past lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift, past participle lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift or (obsolete) yleft)
- (transitive, intransitive) To raise or rise.
- The fog eventually lifted, leaving the streets clear.
- You never lift a finger to help me!
- c1490, Of Penance and Confession be master Jhon Yrlandː
- Liftand (lifting) thy hands and thy eyen to Heaven.
- 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, “chapter I”, in The House Behind the Cedars:
- Their walk had continued not more than ten minutes when they crossed a creek by a wooden bridge and came to a row of mean houses standing flush with the street. At the door of one, an old black woman had stooped to lift a large basket, piled high with laundered clothes.
- 2015 February 7, Val Bourne, “The quiet man of the world of snowdrops”, in The Daily Telegraph (London), page G8:
- Once it [a snowdrop variety] became established, some bulbs were lifted and passed on to be chipped (i.e. cut into small pieces and grown on).
- (transitive, slang) To steal.
- 1919, Rudyard Kipling, The Ballad of East and West
- Kamal is out with twenty men to raise the Border side,
And he has lifted the Colonel's mare that is the Colonel's pride.
- Kamal is out with twenty men to raise the Border side,
- 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter VI, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:
- “Wilbert Cream is a ... what's the word?” I referred to the letter. “A kleptomaniac […] Does any thought occur to you?” “It most certainly does. I am thinking of your uncle's collection of old silver.” “Me, too.” “It presents a grave temptation to the unhappy young man.” “I don't know that I'd call him unhappy. He probably thoroughly enjoys lifting the stuff.”
- 1919, Rudyard Kipling, The Ballad of East and West
- (transitive, slang) To source directly without acknowledgement; to plagiarise.
- 2018, James Lambert, “Anglo-Indian slang in dictionaries on historical principles”, in World Englishes, volume 37, page 258:
- Based on a similarity across a range of Anglo-Indian entries in these three dictionaries, it appears that (along with other lexis) Barrère and Leland (1898) copied this entry from Hotten (1864), who had in turn lifted it directly from Stocqueler (1848).
- (transitive, slang) To arrest (a person).
- 2000, Marie Smyth, Marie-Therese Fay, Personal Accounts From Northern Ireland's Troubles
- Maybe the police lifted him and he's in Castlereagh [Interrogation Centre] because he'd been lifted three or four times previously and took to Castlereagh. They used to come in and raid the house and take him away.
- 2000, Marie Smyth, Marie-Therese Fay, Personal Accounts From Northern Ireland's Troubles
- (transitive) To remove (a ban, restriction, etc.).
- (transitive) To alleviate, to lighten (pressure, tension, stress, etc.)
- 2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport[1]:
- The Gunners boss has been heavily criticised for his side's poor start to the Premier League season but this result helps lift the pressure.
- (transitive) to cause to move upwards.
- 2011 October 2, Aled Williams, “Swansea 2 - 0 Stoke”, in BBC Sport Wales[2]:
- Graham secured victory with five minutes left, coolly lifting the ball over Asmir Begovic.
- (informal, intransitive) To lift weights; to weight-lift.
- She lifts twice a week at the gym.
- To try to raise something; to exert the strength for raising or bearing.
- a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC:
- strained by lifting at a weight too heavy
- To elevate or improve in rank, condition, etc.; often with up.
- 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 1:
- The Roman virtues lift up mortal man.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Timothy 3:6:
- being lifted up with pride
- (obsolete) To bear; to support.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto XI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
- Th' earth him underneath
Did grone, as feeble so great load to lift.
- To collect, as moneys due; to raise.
- (programming) To transform (a function) into a corresponding function in a different context.
- 2021, Dean Wampler, chapter 2, in Programming Scala, 3rd edition, O'Reilly, →ISBN:
- Finally, we can lift a partial function into a regular (total) function that returns an
Option
or aSome(value)
when the partial function is defined for the input argument orNone
when it isn't.
- (finance) To buy a security or other asset previously offered for sale.
- (hunting, transitive) To take (hounds) off the existing scent and move them to another spot.
- 1885, Lina Chaworth Musters, Book of Hunting Songs and Sport (page 144)
- I lifted the hounds (hoping to catch the leading ones there) to the far side of Hallaton Thorns.
- 1885, Lina Chaworth Musters, Book of Hunting Songs and Sport (page 144)
Usage notesEdit
Lift also has an obsolete form liftand for the present participle. The strong forms were common until the 17th century in writing and still survive in speech in a few rural dialects.
HyponymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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NounEdit
lift (countable and uncountable, plural lifts)
- An act of lifting or raising.
- The act of transporting someone in a vehicle; a ride; a trip.
- Synonym: ride
- 1913, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Poison Belt[3]:
- Accordingly, in spite of many grumbles and remonstrances from Summerlee, I ordered an additional tube, which was placed with the other in his motor-car, for he had offered me a lift to Victoria.
- He gave me a lift to the bus station.
- (UK, Australia, New Zealand) Mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people between floors in a building.
- Synonym: (US, Canada, Australia) elevator
- Take the lift to the fourth floor.
- An upward force, such as the force that keeps aircraft aloft.
- Synonym: uplift
- (measurement) The difference in elevation between the upper pool and lower pool of a waterway, separated by lock.
- (historical slang) A thief.
- 1977, Gãmini Salgãdo, The Elizabethan Underworld, Folio Society 2006, page 32:
- The lift came into the shop dressed like a country gentleman, but was careful not to have a cloak about him, so that the tradesman could see he had no opportunity to conceal any goods about his person.
- 1977, Gãmini Salgãdo, The Elizabethan Underworld, Folio Society 2006, page 32:
- (dance) The lifting of a dance partner into the air.
- Permanent construction with a built-in platform that is lifted vertically.
- (figurative) An improvement in mood.
- 2010, Anne Baker, With a Little Luck:
- Just to think he had both a mistress and a wife gave him a lift. He needed a lift, for although he'd had promotion, his wasn't an exciting job.
- 2012 November 17, “Arsenal 5-2 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport[4]:
- The dismissal of a player who left Arsenal for Manchester City before joining Tottenham gave the home players and fans a noticeable lift.
- The amount or weight to be lifted.
- What's the maximum lift of this crane?
- The space or distance through which anything is lifted.
- A rise; a degree of elevation.
- the lift of a lock in canals
- A liftgate.
- (nautical) A rope leading from the masthead to the extremity of a yard below, and used for raising or supporting the end of the yard.
- (engineering) One of the steps of a cone pulley.
- (shoemaking) A layer of leather in the heel of a shoe.
- (horology) That portion of the vibration of a balance during which the impulse is given.
- 1887, Claudius Saunier, A Treatise on Modern Horology in Theory and Practice:
- some measure the total lift and others only the lift on one side , a quantity which is not exactly half of the total lift
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for lift in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Swahili: lifti
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English lifte, luft, lefte (“air, sky, heaven”), from Old English lyft (“atmosphere, air”), from Proto-West Germanic *luftu, from Proto-Germanic *luftuz (“roof, sky, air”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”).
Cognate with Old High German luft (“air”) (German Luft), Dutch lucht (“air”), Old Norse lopt, loft (“upper room, sky, air”). More at loft.
NounEdit
lift (usually uncountable, plural lifts)
- (UK dialectal, chiefly Scotland) Air.
- (UK dialectal, chiefly Scotland) The sky; the heavens; firmament; atmosphere.
- 1836, Joanna Baillie, Witchcraft, Act 1, p.13
- No, no, Leddy! the sun maun be up in the lift whan I venture to her den.
- 1836, Joanna Baillie, Witchcraft, Act 1, p.13
SynonymsEdit
- (gas or vapour breathed): air
- (firmament, ethereal region surrounding the earth): atmosphere
- (the heavens, sky): welkin
ReferencesEdit
- lift at OneLook Dictionary Search
- lift in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911
- Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “lift”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
AnagramsEdit
ChineseEdit
For pronunciation and definitions of lift – see 𨋢 (“elevator; lift”). (This character, lift, is a variant form of 𨋢.) |
DanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
lift n (singular definite liftet, plural indefinite lift)
InflectionEdit
NounEdit
lift c (singular definite liften, plural indefinite lifte or lifter)
InflectionEdit
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
lift m (plural liften, diminutive liftje n)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Papiamentu: left
Etymology 2Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
VerbEdit
lift
- first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of liften
- imperative of liften
EstonianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lift (genitive lifti, partitive lifti)
DeclensionEdit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | lift | liftid |
genitive | lifti | liftide |
partitive | lifti | liftu / liftisid |
illative | lifti / liftisse | liftidesse / liftusse |
inessive | liftis | liftides |
elative | liftist | liftidest |
allative | liftile | liftidele |
adessive | liftil | liftidel |
ablative | liftilt | liftidelt |
translative | liftiks | liftideks |
terminative | liftini | liftideni |
essive | liftina | liftidena |
abessive | liftita | liftideta |
comitative | liftiga | liftidega |
HungarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lift (plural liftek)
- lift, elevator
- Synonym: (formal) felvonó
- Hyponym: (a slow, continuously moving lift or elevator) páternoszter
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | lift | liftek |
accusative | liftet | lifteket |
dative | liftnek | lifteknek |
instrumental | lifttel | liftekkel |
causal-final | liftért | liftekért |
translative | liftté | liftekké |
terminative | liftig | liftekig |
essive-formal | liftként | liftekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | liftben | liftekben |
superessive | liften | lifteken |
adessive | liftnél | lifteknél |
illative | liftbe | liftekbe |
sublative | liftre | liftekre |
allative | lifthez | liftekhez |
elative | liftből | liftekből |
delative | liftről | liftekről |
ablative | lifttől | liftektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
lifté | lifteké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
liftéi | liftekéi |
Possessive forms of lift | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | liftem | liftjeim |
2nd person sing. | lifted | liftjeid |
3rd person sing. | liftje | liftjei |
1st person plural | liftünk | liftjeink |
2nd person plural | liftetek | liftjeitek |
3rd person plural | liftjük | liftjeik |
Derived termsEdit
- személyzeti lift (lift/elevator for staff)
Further readingEdit
- lift in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From English lift, from Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lift (plural lift-lift, first-person possessive liftku, second-person possessive liftmu, third-person possessive liftnya)
- lift, mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people between floors in a building; an elevator.
Alternative formsEdit
- lif (Standard Malay)
CompoundsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “lift” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
ItalianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Pseudo-anglicism. In sense 1, a clipping of English liftboy. In sense 2, a transferred sense of English lift.
NounEdit
lift m (invariable)
Derived termsEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old English lyft.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
lift
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “lift, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From English lift, French lift.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lift n (plural lifturi)
- elevator, lift
- Synonym: ascensor
- (tennis, table tennis, volleyball) A stroke that gives the ball an upward trajection.
Derived termsEdit
ScotsEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English lift, luft, from Old English lyft.
NounEdit
lift (plural lifts)
ReferencesEdit
- “lift” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Serbo-CroatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lȉft m (Cyrillic spelling ли̏фт)
DeclensionEdit
SynonymsEdit
SlovakEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lift m inan (genitive singular liftu, nominative plural lifty, genitive plural liftov, declension pattern of dub)
- (colloquial) an elevator, lift
- Synonym: výťah
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- lift in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk
UzbekEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Russian лифт (lift), from English lift.
NounEdit
lift (plural liftlar)
DeclensionEdit
Related termsEdit
VolapükEdit
NounEdit
lift (nominative plural lifts)
- elevator
- altitude adjustor