decurro

Latin edit

Etymology edit

From dē- +‎ currō.

Pronunciation edit

(Classical) IPA^(key): /deːˈkur.roː/, [d̪eːˈkʊrːoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /deˈkur.ro/, [d̪eˈkurːo]

Verb edit

dēcurrō (present infinitive dēcurrere, perfect active dēcurrī, supine dēcursum); third conjugation

to run, flow, move, sail or swim down
Synonym: dēscendō

Antonyms: ascendō, cōnscendō, īnscendō, escendō, ēnītor, scandō, superscandō, subeō
to charge or skirmish
to hasten, rush down
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 2.21:
  Caesar, necessariis rebus imperatis, ad cohortandos milites, quam [in] partem fors obtulit, decucurrit et ad legionem decimam devenit.
  Caesar, having given the necessary orders, hastened to and fro into whatever quarter fortune carried him, to animate the troops, and came to the tenth legion.
to exercise or drill (troops)

Conjugation edit

Perfect forms dēcucurrī are occasionally found.

Conjugation of dēcurrō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	dēcurrō	dēcurris	dēcurrit	dēcurrimus	dēcurritis	dēcurrunt
	imperfect	dēcurrēbam	dēcurrēbās	dēcurrēbat	dēcurrēbāmus	dēcurrēbātis	dēcurrēbant
	future	dēcurram	dēcurrēs	dēcurret	dēcurrēmus	dēcurrētis	dēcurrent
	perfect	dēcurrī	dēcurristī	dēcurrit	dēcurrimus	dēcurristis	dēcurrērunt, dēcurrēre
	pluperfect	dēcurreram	dēcurrerās	dēcurrerat	dēcurrerāmus	dēcurrerātis	dēcurrerant
	future perfect	dēcurrerō	dēcurreris	dēcurrerit	dēcurrerimus	dēcurreritis	dēcurrerint
passive	present	dēcurror	dēcurreris, dēcurrere	dēcurritur	dēcurrimur	dēcurriminī	dēcurruntur
	imperfect	dēcurrēbar	dēcurrēbāris, dēcurrēbāre	dēcurrēbātur	dēcurrēbāmur	dēcurrēbāminī	dēcurrēbantur
	future	dēcurrar	dēcurrēris, dēcurrēre	dēcurrētur	dēcurrēmur	dēcurrēminī	dēcurrentur
	perfect	dēcursus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	dēcursus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	dēcursus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	dēcurram	dēcurrās	dēcurrat	dēcurrāmus	dēcurrātis	dēcurrant
	imperfect	dēcurrerem	dēcurrerēs	dēcurreret	dēcurrerēmus	dēcurrerētis	dēcurrerent
	perfect	dēcurrerim	dēcurrerīs	dēcurrerit	dēcurrerīmus	dēcurrerītis	dēcurrerint
	pluperfect	dēcurrissem	dēcurrissēs	dēcurrisset	dēcurrissēmus	dēcurrissētis	dēcurrissent
passive	present	dēcurrar	dēcurrāris, dēcurrāre	dēcurrātur	dēcurrāmur	dēcurrāminī	dēcurrantur
	imperfect	dēcurrerer	dēcurrerēris, dēcurrerēre	dēcurrerētur	dēcurrerēmur	dēcurrerēminī	dēcurrerentur
	perfect	dēcursus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	dēcursus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	dēcurre	—	—	dēcurrite	—
active	future	—	dēcurritō	dēcurritō	—	dēcurritōte	dēcurruntō
passive	present	—	dēcurrere	—	—	dēcurriminī	—
passive	future	—	dēcurritor	dēcurritor	—	—	dēcurruntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		dēcurrere	dēcurrisse	dēcursūrum esse	dēcurrī	dēcursum esse	dēcursum īrī
participles		dēcurrēns	—	dēcursūrus	—	dēcursus	dēcurrendus, dēcurrundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		dēcurrendī	dēcurrendō	dēcurrendum	dēcurrendō	dēcursum	dēcursū

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Catalan: decórrer
Galician: decorrer
Italian: decorrere
Portuguese: decorrer
Spanish: decorrerse

References edit

“decurro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“decurro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
decurro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to run obliquely down the hill: obliquo monte decurrere
- to manœuvre: decurrere (in armis)