Wiktionary

dobeir

Middle Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish do·beir.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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do·beir (prototonic ·tabair, verbal noun tabairt)

  1. to bring, take
    • c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, lines 13–14:
      In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil, iss ed no·ithed. Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill.
      Each man who came along the passage would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he took at the first grabbing, it was that which he ate. If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.
  2. to give
  3. to place, put
    • c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 13:
      In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil, iss ed no·ithed.
      Each man who came along the passage would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he brought (out) at the first taking, it was that which he ate.
      (literally, “The man who…”)

Conjugation

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  • Third-person singular imperfect indicative deuterotonic: do·bered
  • Third-person singular past subjunctive prototonic: ·taibred

Perfective forms derived from do·uic (“bring”)

  • Third-person singular imperfect indicative prototonic: ·tucad

Descendants

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  • Irish: bheir, tabhair
  • Manx: ver, toyr
  • Scottish Gaelic: bheir, tabhair, thoir

Mutation

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Mutation of dobeir
radical lenition nasalization
do·beir do·beir
pronounced with /-β(ʲ)-/ 		do·mbeir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From to- +‎ beirid.

The perfective form do·rat is from to- +‎ ro- +‎ ad- + Proto-Celtic *dāti, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃t (“to give”).[1]

The perfective form do·uic is originally a causative “to make something arrive” of do·icc (“to come”).[2] These forms may become conflated with the unrelated verb do·ucai (“to understand”) and in some contexts it may be unclear which of the two verbs is intended.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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do·beir (prototonic ·tabair, verbal noun tabairt)

  1. to bring
    • c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
      Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑ái fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.
      It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.
  2. to give
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 13b15
      Is gúḟorcell do·beram do Día amal ṡodin.
      It is false testimony that we give to God in that case.
  3. to place, put
    • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 63a17
      Amal nád ṅdéni neutur dindí as Tiberis cía do·berthar flumen friss, síc ní déni neutur dindí as Suthul ci ad·comaltar oppidum friss.
      As it does not make a neuter of [that which is] Tiberis that flumen is put with it, so it does not make a neuter of [that which is] Suthul, that oppidum is conjoined to it.
  4. to inflict (punishment)
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 42a4
      Ní·guid dígail du thabairt foraib, acht corru·anat inna arrad.
      He prays not that punishment should be inflicted on them, but that they may remain in his company.

For more quotations using this term, see Citations:dobeir.

Conjugation

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Complex, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative deut. do·biur do·bir, du·bir do·beir do·beram do·beirid do·berat do·berar do·bertar
prot. ·tabur ·tabair ·tabair ·taibrem ·taibret ·tabarr ·tabratar
imperfect indicative deut. do·berinn do·bertha do·bered do·bermis do·berthe do·bertis do·berthe do·bertis
prot. ·taibrinn ·tabartha ·taibred ·tabarmis ·tabarthe ·tabartis ·tabarthe ·tabartis
preterite deut. do·biurt do·birt do·bert do·bertatar do·breth do·bretha
prot. ·tubart ·tubartatar
perfect deut.
prot.
future deut. do·bér do·bérae do·béra do·bérat do·bérthar do·bértar
prot. ·tibér ·tibérae ·tibérthar
conditional deut. do·bérainn do·bérad do·bérmais do·bérthe, do·bérthae
prot. ·taibrinn ·tibérad ·tibértais ·tibérthae ·tibértais
present subjunctive deut. do·berae do·bera do·beraid do·berat do·berthar do·bertar
prot. ·taibre ·taibrea ·taibrid
past subjunctive deut. do·bertha do·berad, du·berad do·berthe, do·berthae do·bertais
prot. ·taibred ·tabarthae
imperative tabair taibred taibrem taibrid taibret tabarr tabartar
verbal noun tabairt
past participle tabarthae
verbal of necessity tabarthi
Perfective forms derived from do·rat ("give, put")
Complex, class A II present, a subjunctive, s-perfect
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative deut.
prot. ·tartai ·tartat
imperfect indicative deut.
prot. ·tartatais
preterite deut.
prot.
perfect deut. do·ratus do·ratais do·rat do·ratsam do·ratsaid do·ratsat do·ratad, du·ratad do·rata
prot. ·tartus ·tartais ·tarat ·tartsaid ·tartsat ·tartad ·tarta
future deut.
prot.
conditional deut.
prot.
present subjunctive deut. do·rata do·rataid do·ratat do·ratar do·rataiter
prot. ·tart ·tarta ·tartam ·tartaid ·tartat ·tartar ·tartaiter
past subjunctive deut.
prot. ·tartainn ·tartad ·tartae
imperative
verbal noun
past participle
verbal of necessity
Perfective forms derived from do·uic ("bring")
Complex, class A II present, a subjunctive, s-perfect
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative deut.
prot. ·tucthar
imperfect indicative deut.
prot.
preterite deut.
prot.
perfect deut. do·uccus do·uic, du·uic, tu·uic, do·uc, du·uc, du·uccai du·ucsat
prot. ·tuicais ·tuic, ·tuicc, ·tuc ·tucsam ·tucad, ·tuccad, ·ducad, ·tuiced
future deut.
prot.
conditional deut.
prot.
present subjunctive deut.
prot. ·tucthar, ·ducthar ·duccatar
past subjunctive deut.
prot. ·tucad
imperative tuic tucaid
verbal noun
past participle
verbal of necessity

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Mutation

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Mutation of dobeir
radical lenition nasalization
do·beir do·beir
pronounced with /-β(ʲ)-/ 		do·mbeir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “Urinselkelt. *dā- 'geben'”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 265
  2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂nek̑-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 282-84

Further reading

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