karš
LatvianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- (obsolete spelling) kaŗš
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Baltic *karyas, from Proto-Indo-European *koryos, from *ker-. Cognates include Lithuanian kãras, dialectal kãrias, Old Prussian kargis ([karjis], “troops, army”) (misspelled as kragis in the 16th-century text), karyago (“travels”) (i.e., “war path”), Middle Irish cuire (“army; troops”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (harjis), Old Norse herr, German Heer (“army”), Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “leader, commander”) (< *koiros < *koryos).[1]
PronunciationEdit
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NounEdit
karš m (1st declension)
- war (organized armed conflict between two or more countries, peoples, ethnic or social groups)
- Pirmais pasaules karš — First World War
- Otrais pasaules karš — Second World War
- aizstāvēšanās, uzbrukuma karš — defensive, offensive war
- agresīvs karš — aggressive war
- taisnīgs karš — just, rightful war
- koloniālais karš — colonial war
- pilsoņu karš — civil war
- nacionālās atbrīvošanās karš — national liberation war
- partizānu karš — partisan, guerilla war
- krusta karš — crusade (lit. cross war)
- karš pret iebrucējiem — war against invaders
- ķīmiskais karš — chemical warfare
- bioloģiskais karš — biological warfare
- bakterioloģiskais karš — bacteriological warfare
- kodoltermiskais karš — thermonuclear war
- kara kurinātāji, kūrēji — warmongers
- izcēlās karš — war broke out
- kara sākums — the beginning of war
- pieteikt karu — to declare war
- uzvarēt karu, karā — to win the war
- zaudēt karu, karā — to lose the war
- izbeigt karu — to put an end to the war
- doties karā — to go to war
- atgriezties no kara — to return from war
- karš ir tās politikas turpinājums ar varmācības līdzekļiem, kuru piekopa karojošo lielvalstu valdošās šķiras jau ilgi pirms kara — war is the continuation, by means of violence, of policies which were practiced by the ruling classes of the warring countries long before the war
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) war; relating to war
- kara bēgli — war refugees
- kara veterāns — war veteran
- kara invalīds — war invalid
- kara stāvoklis — state of war
- kara darbība — act of war
- kara gājiens, karagājiens — war march, crusade
- kara lauks, karalauks — battlefield (lit. war field)
- kara gūsteknis — prisoner of war
- kara noziedznieks — war criminal
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) war, military (relating to the armed forces or to military service)
- jūras kara flote — Navy (lit. sea war fleet)
- kara rūpnīca — military industry
- kara medicīnas dienests — military medical service
- kara hospitāls, ārsts — military hospital, doctor
- kara lidmašīna — military airplane
- kara dienests, karadienests — military service
- kara apgabals — military district
- kara skola, karaskola — military school
- kara akadēmija — military academy
- kara zinātne — military science
- kara māksla, karamāksla — the art of war; warfare
- kara noslēpums — war secret, military secret
- kara tribunāls — military tribunal
- kara tiesa — court martial (lit. military court)
- kara bāze, osta — military base, port
- kara mūzika — military music
- kara klausība, karaklausība — military conscription
- kara kungs — war lord
- (figuratively) war (serious conflict, struggle, fight, clash between enemies)
- aukstais karš — cold war
- ideoloģiskais karš — ideological war
- ekonomiskais karš — economic war
- jāpiesaka bargs karš pret māņticībām — it is necessary to declare harsh war against superstitions
- (figuratively) war (disagreement, dispute, quarrel)
- vārdu karš — war of words
- aizmirsušies nemitīgie mājas kari par jaunām kleitām — they (had) forgotten the persistent domestic wars about new dresses
DeclensionEdit
Declension of karš (1st declension)
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “karš”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7