Wiktionary

karu

See also: Appendix:Variations of "karu"

Ajië

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Pronunciation

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Numeral

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karu

  1. two

References

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Estonian

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Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *karhu.

Noun

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karu (genitive karu, partitive karu)

  1. bear

Declension

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Declension of karu (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative karu karud
accusative nom.
gen. karu
genitive karude
partitive karu karusid
illative karru
karusse 		karudesse
inessive karus karudes
elative karust karudest
allative karule karudele
adessive karul karudel
ablative karult karudelt
translative karuks karudeks
terminative karuni karudeni
essive karuna karudena
abessive karuta karudeta
comitative karuga karudega

Derived terms

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *karu (compare Karelian karu, Ludian karu).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑru/, [ˈkɑ̝ru]
  • Rhymes: -ɑru
  • Syllabification(key): ka‧ru

Adjective

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karu (comparative karumpi, superlative karuin)

  1. unfertile, barren, bare (such as of land)
  2. barren, stark
  3. austere, harsh

Declension

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Inflection of karu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative karu karut
genitive karun karujen
partitive karua karuja
illative karuun karuihin
singular plural
nominative karu karut
accusative nom. karu karut
gen. karun
genitive karun karujen
partitive karua karuja
inessive karussa karuissa
elative karusta karuista
illative karuun karuihin
adessive karulla karuilla
ablative karulta karuilta
allative karulle karuille
essive karuna karuina
translative karuksi karuiksi
abessive karutta karuitta
instructive — karuin
comitative — karuine
Possessive forms of karu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative karuni karuni
accusative nom. karuni karuni
gen. karuni
genitive karuni karujeni
partitive karuani karujani
inessive karussani karuissani
elative karustani karuistani
illative karuuni karuihini
adessive karullani karuillani
ablative karultani karuiltani
allative karulleni karuilleni
essive karunani karuinani
translative karukseni karuikseni
abessive karuttani karuittani
instructive — —
comitative — karuineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative karusi karusi
accusative nom. karusi karusi
gen. karusi
genitive karusi karujesi
partitive karuasi karujasi
inessive karussasi karuissasi
elative karustasi karuistasi
illative karuusi karuihisi
adessive karullasi karuillasi
ablative karultasi karuiltasi
allative karullesi karuillesi
essive karunasi karuinasi
translative karuksesi karuiksesi
abessive karuttasi karuittasi
instructive — —
comitative — karuinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative karumme karumme
accusative nom. karumme karumme
gen. karumme
genitive karumme karujemme
partitive karuamme karujamme
inessive karussamme karuissamme
elative karustamme karuistamme
illative karuumme karuihimme
adessive karullamme karuillamme
ablative karultamme karuiltamme
allative karullemme karuillemme
essive karunamme karuinamme
translative karuksemme karuiksemme
abessive karuttamme karuittamme
instructive — —
comitative — karuinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative karunne karunne
accusative nom. karunne karunne
gen. karunne
genitive karunne karujenne
partitive karuanne karujanne
inessive karussanne karuissanne
elative karustanne karuistanne
illative karuunne karuihinne
adessive karullanne karuillanne
ablative karultanne karuiltanne
allative karullenne karuillenne
essive karunanne karuinanne
translative karuksenne karuiksenne
abessive karuttanne karuittanne
instructive — —
comitative — karuinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative karunsa karunsa
accusative nom. karunsa karunsa
gen. karunsa
genitive karunsa karujensa
partitive karuaan
karuansa 		karujaan
karujansa
inessive karussaan
karussansa 		karuissaan
karuissansa
elative karustaan
karustansa 		karuistaan
karuistansa
illative karuunsa karuihinsa
adessive karullaan
karullansa 		karuillaan
karuillansa
ablative karultaan
karultansa 		karuiltaan
karuiltansa
allative karulleen
karullensa 		karuilleen
karuillensa
essive karunaan
karunansa 		karuinaan
karuinansa
translative karukseen
karuksensa 		karuikseen
karuiksensa
abessive karuttaan
karuttansa 		karuittaan
karuittansa
instructive — —
comitative — karuineen
karuinensa

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Gurindji

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Noun

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karu

  1. child

References

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Japanese

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Romanization

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karu

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かる

Kambera

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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karu

  1. sack

References

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  • Marian Klamer (1998) A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 213

Karelian

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Noun

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karu

  1. devil

Latvian

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Noun

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karu m

  1. inflection of karš:
    1. accusative singular
    2. instrumental/genitive plural

Verb

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karu

  1. first-person singular present indicative of kārt

Lower Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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karu

  1. accusative/instrumental singular of kara

Maori

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Noun

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karu

  1. eye
    E ai ki ngā kōrero i whakapurua e Te Whānau-a-Apanui ngā karu o te papa angaanga o tana matua, o Te Pori-o-te-rangi, ki te harare pūwhero.
    It is said that Te Whānau-a-Apanui plugged up the eye sockets of the skull of her father, Te Pori-o-te-rangi, with red sealing wax.
  2. spongy matter around the seeds of a gourd

Old Tupi

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kaʔru, from *kar- (“thing”) +‎ *ʔu (“to eat”), literally “to eat things”.[1][2]

Cognate with Awetí kat-ʔu, Guaraní karu.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kaˈɾu/
  • Rhymes: -u
  • Hyphenation: ka‧ru

Noun

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karu (possessable)

  1. consumption (the act of eating)
  2. meal; repast (food served or eaten)
  3. overeating (the act of eating to excess)

Derived terms

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Adjective

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karu (noun form karu)

  1. gluttonous (prone to overeating)

Declension

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    Declension of karu (oral vowel ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative mongaru
Deadjectivals
-ba'e i karuba'e
-sab(a) karûaba／karusaba
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative xe karu nde karu i karu oré karu îandé karu pe karu
Imperative
Permissive ta xe karu ta nde karu t'i karu t'oré karu t'îandé karu ta pe karu
Negative indicative na xe karuî na nde karuî n'i karuî n'oré karuî n'îandé karuî na pe karuî
Negative imperative nde karu umẽ pe karu umẽ
Negative permissive ta xe karu umẽ ta nde karu umẽ t'i karu umẽ t'oré karu umẽ t'îandé karu umẽ ta pe karu umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative xe karuramo nde karuramo o karuramo oré karuramo îandé karuramo pe karuramo
Negative xe karue'ymamo nde karue'ymamo o karue'ymamo oré karue'ymamo îandé karue'ymamo pe karue'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative karu
Negative karue'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative same as gerund1
xe karuû2 i karuû2 oré karuû2 îandé karuû2
Negative same as gerund1
xe karue'ymi2 i karue'ymi2 oré karue'ymi2 îandé karue'ymi2
1South Tupi
2North Tupi

Derived terms

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Verb

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karu (first-person singular active indicative akaru, first-person singular negative active indicative n'akaruî, first-person singular gerund gûikarûabo, noun karu) (intransitive)

  1. to eat
    Near-synonym: 'u (transitive)
  2. to graze (to eat grass from a pasture)

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of karu (intransitive, U-ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative mongaru
Causative-comitative erokaru
Deverbals
-ba'e okaruba'e
-sab(a) karûaba／karusaba
-sar(a) karûara／karusara
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative akaru erekaru okaru orokaru îakaru pekaru
Permissive t'akaru t'erekaru t'okaru t'orokaru t'îakaru ta pekaru
Imperative ekaru pekaru
Negative indicative n'akaruî n'erekaruî n'okaruî n'orokaruî n'îakaruî na pekaruî
Negative permissive t'akaru umẽ t'erekaru umẽ t'okaru umẽ t'orokaru umẽ t'îakaru umẽ ta pekaru umẽ
Negative imperative ekaru umẽ pekaru umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûikarûabo ekarûabo okarûabo orokarûabo îakarûabo pekarûabo
Negative gûikarue'yma ekarue'yma okarue'yma orokarue'yma îakarue'yma pekarue'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative karu
Negative karue'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe karuû i karuû oré karuû îandé karuû
Negative xe karue'ymi i karue'ymi oré karue'ymi îandé karue'ymi

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Nheengatu: karú

References

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  1. ^ Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 404
  2. ^ Aryon d'Alligna Rodrigues (2007) “As consoantes do proto-tupí”, in Aryon d'Alligna Rodrigues, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral, editors, Línguas e culturas tupí‎[1], 1 edition, volume 1, Campinas: Curt Nimuendajú, pages 167–204

Papiamentu

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Portuguese caro and Spanish caro, ultimately from Latin carus

Adjective

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karu

  1. expensive, costly, pricey
    Mi gusta e kas aki, pero e ta muchu karu.
    I like this house, but it's too expensive.

Rapa Nui

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Noun

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karu

  1. seed

Votic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *karhu.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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karu

  1. bear

Inflection

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Declension of karu (type II/võrkko, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative karu karud
genitive karu karujõ, karui
partitive karrua karuitõ, karui
illative karrusõ, karru karuisõ
inessive karuz karuiz
elative karussõ karuissõ
allative karulõ karuilõ
adessive karullõ karuillõ
ablative karultõ karuiltõ
translative karussi karuissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

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  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat, 2nd edition, Tallinn
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