kopog

Hungarian edit

Etymology edit

From the same sound-imitative root as koppant (“to rap, to strike a quick, light blow”), kopácsol (“to hammer”), koppan (“to thud”) + -og (frequentative verb-forming suffix).^[1]

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [ˈkopoɡ]
Hyphenation: ko‧pog
Rhymes: -oɡ

Verb edit

kopog

(intransitive) to knock (on or at something -n/-on/-en/-ön)
Synonyms: kopogtat, zörget

Valaki kopog az ajtón! ― Somebody is knocking at the door!

Kopog a szemem az éhségtől! (idiomatic) ― I am starving!
(intransitive, of woodpecker) to tap, knock, hammer
Synonym: kopácsol

A harkály kopog a fán. ― The woodpecker is knocking on the tree.
(intransitive, of rain) to patter, rattle (on something -n/-on/-en/-ön)
Synonym: dobol

Az eső kopog a háztetőn. ― The rain is pattering on the roof.
(transitive) to clack (to make clicking noises while typing on a keyboard, typewriter or telegraph)

Conjugation edit

conjugation of kopog

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	kopogok	kopogsz	kopog	kopogunk	kopogtok	kopognak
		Def.	kopogom	kopogod	kopogja	kopogjuk	kopogjátok	kopogják
		2nd-p. o.	kopoglak	―
	Past	Indef.	kopogtam	kopogtál	kopogott	kopogtunk	kopogtatok	kopogtak
		Def.	kopogtam	kopogtad	kopogta	kopogtuk	kopogtátok	kopogták
		2nd-p. o.	kopogtalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kopogni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	kopogék	kopogál	kopoga	kopogánk	kopogátok	kopogának
		Def.	kopogám	kopogád	kopogá	kopogánk	kopogátok	kopogák
		2nd-p. o.	kopogálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kopog vala, kopogott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	kopogandok	kopogandasz	kopogand	kopogandunk	kopogandotok	kopogandanak
		Def.	kopogandom	kopogandod	kopogandja	kopogandjuk	kopogandjátok	kopogandják
		2nd-p. o.	kopogandalak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	kopognék	kopognál	kopogna	kopognánk	kopognátok	kopognának
		Def.	kopognám	kopognád	kopogná	kopognánk (or kopognók)	kopognátok	kopognák
		2nd-p. o.	kopognálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kopogott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	kopogjak	kopogj or kopogjál	kopogjon	kopogjunk	kopogjatok	kopogjanak
		Def.	kopogjam	kopogd or kopogjad	kopogja	kopogjuk	kopogjátok	kopogják
		2nd-p. o.	kopogjalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kopogott légyen
Infinitive	kopogni		kopognom	kopognod	kopognia	kopognunk	kopognotok	kopogniuk
Other forms	kopogás		kopogó	kopogott	kopogandó	kopogva (kopogván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of kopog

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	kopoghatok	kopoghatsz	kopoghat	kopoghatunk	kopoghattok	kopoghatnak
		Def.	kopoghatom	kopoghatod	kopoghatja	kopoghatjuk	kopoghatjátok	kopoghatják
		2nd-p. o.	kopoghatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	kopoghattam	kopoghattál	kopoghatott	kopoghattunk	kopoghattatok	kopoghattak
		Def.	kopoghattam	kopoghattad	kopoghatta	kopoghattuk	kopoghattátok	kopoghatták
		2nd-p. o.	kopoghattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	kopoghaték	kopoghatál	kopoghata	kopoghatánk	kopoghatátok	kopoghatának
		Def.	kopoghatám	kopoghatád	kopoghatá	kopoghatánk	kopoghatátok	kopoghaták
		2nd-p. o.	kopoghatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. kopoghat vala, kopoghatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	kopoghatandok or kopogandhatok	kopoghatandasz or kopogandhatsz	kopoghatand or kopogandhat	kopoghatandunk or kopogandhatunk	kopoghatandotok or kopogandhattok	kopoghatandanak or kopogandhatnak
		Def.	kopoghatandom or kopogandhatom	kopoghatandod or kopogandhatod	kopoghatandja or kopogandhatja	kopoghatandjuk or kopogandhatjuk	kopoghatandjátok or kopogandhatjátok	kopoghatandják or kopogandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	kopoghatandalak or kopogandhatlak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	kopoghatnék	kopoghatnál	kopoghatna	kopoghatnánk	kopoghatnátok	kopoghatnának
		Def.	kopoghatnám	kopoghatnád	kopoghatná	kopoghatnánk (or kopoghatnók)	kopoghatnátok	kopoghatnák
		2nd-p. o.	kopoghatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kopoghatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	kopoghassak	kopoghass or kopoghassál	kopoghasson	kopoghassunk	kopoghassatok	kopoghassanak
		Def.	kopoghassam	kopoghasd or kopoghassad	kopoghassa	kopoghassuk	kopoghassátok	kopoghassák
		2nd-p. o.	kopoghassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kopoghatott légyen
Inf.	(kopoghatni)		(kopoghatnom)	(kopoghatnod)	(kopoghatnia)	(kopoghatnunk)	(kopoghatnotok)	(kopoghatniuk)
Positive adjective			kopogható	Neg. adj.	kopoghatatlan	Adv. part.	(kopoghatva / kopoghatván)

Derived terms edit

(With verbal prefixes):

References edit

^ kopog in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)