lietus
Latvian
editEtymology
editFrom the same stem as Latvian liet (“to pour”) and līt (“to flow, to stream, to rain”) (q.v.), made into a masculine third declension noun (with ending -us);[1] from Proto-Balto-Slavic *l(e/o)ʔi-,[2] ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ley- (“to flow, pour, stream; to glide, slip, be slippery”). Cognates include Lithuanian lietùs (“rain”), lytùs, líeti (“to pour”), laĩvas (“ship”), and likely the names of Latvia[3] and Lithuania.[4] More distantly related are Old Church Slavonic лити (liti, “to pour”) (< Proto-Slavic *lìti), Albanian lisë (“I pour”), Proto-Germanic *līþu (“cider ~ liquor”), Proto-Celtic *liyeti (“to flow”), Ancient Greek ἄλεισον (áleison, “wine container”), and perhaps λάταξ (látax, “drop”), Old Irish laith (“liquid; ale, liquor”) (< Proto-Celtic *lati-), Latin litus (“shore, beach”), and various descendants of Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlietus m (3rd declension)
- rain, shower; rainwater
- pavasara lietus ― spring rain, shower
- garie rudens lietus ― long autumn rain
- spēcīgs lietus ― heavy rain
- īslaicīgs lietus ― short-term rain
- lietus bungo pa jumtu ― the rain is drumming on the roof
- lietus līst ― it (lit. rain) is raining
- lietus līņā, smidzina ― it (lit. rain) is drizzling
- lietus ūdens ― rainwater
- lietus lāses ― raindrops
- lietus pil no jumta ― the rain(water) is dripping from the roof
- lietus mākoņi ― rain clouds
- lietus mētelis, lietusmētelis ― rain coat
- caur pelēcīgo lietus plīvuru parādās kravas automobilis ― through the grayish veil of rain a truck (lit. cargo automobile) appeared
- viņi bija lietū ieecējuši auzas ― they had began to harrow the oats in the rain (= while it was raining)
- (in the plural) rains, rainy period
- pēc lielajiem lietiem sākās labības pļauja ― after the big rains began the cereal harvest
- (figuratively) rain (a rain-like group of small moving objects; a large number of similar things)
- zvaigžņu lietus ― star rain (= meteor shower)
- dzirksteļu lietus ― spark rain (= many sparks)
- ložu lietus ― bullet rain (e.g., from a machine gun)
- priedēs iespurdz vējš, un uz ceļa nolīst ziedputekšņu lietus ― the wind began to flutter in the pine trees, and a rain of pollen fell (lit. rained) on the road
Declension
editsingular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīvs) | lietus | lieti |
accusative (akuzatīvs) | lietu | lietus |
genitive (ģenitīvs) | lietus | lietu |
dative (datīvs) | lietum | lietiem |
instrumental (instrumentālis) | lietu | lietiem |
locative (lokatīvs) | lietū | lietos |
vocative (vokatīvs) | lietus | lieti |
Synonyms
edit- (of "rainy period"): lietavas
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “lietus”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “latvietis”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[2] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “lietuvieši”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[3] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *leitus, from Proto-Indo-European *ley-, *lī- (“to pour, to flow, to drip”);[1][2][3] see Latvian lietus for cognates.
Pronunciation 1
edit2=Pronunciation 1Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Noun
editlietùs m (plural líetūs) stress pattern 3
Declension
editsingular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (vardininkas) | lietùs | líetūs |
genitive (kilmininkas) | lietaũs | lietų̃ |
dative (naudininkas) | líetui | lietùms |
accusative (galininkas) | líetų | líetus |
instrumental (įnagininkas) | lietumì | lietumìs |
locative (vietininkas) | lietujè | lietuosè |
vocative (šauksmininkas) | lietaũ | líetūs |
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editPronunciation 2
editNoun
editlíetus m pl
- accusative plural of lietus
References
edit- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “lietus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285
- ^ “lietùs” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 672 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).
- ^ “lietus”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
Further reading
edit- “lietus”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
- “lietus”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2024
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with broken intonation
- Latvian terms with audio links
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian masculine nouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian third declension nouns
- Latvian noun forms
- lv:Rain
- lv:Water
- lv:Weather
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian nouns
- Lithuanian masculine nouns
- lt:Weather